When the value of an reactive object is changed, a prop in my Pinia store is mutated. I tried different ways of attributing new value to this store to avoid this problem, but so far I dont't really understand what is happenning. This is my code:
Component
const form = reactive({
name: "",
exercises: [{ exercise: "", method: "", series: "" }],
});
const handleChange = ({ value, name }: any, eventIndex: any) => {
const newEx = form.exercises.map((ex, index) => ({
...ex,
...(index === eventIndex ? { [name]: value } : null),
}));
const newForm = { name: form.name, exercises: newEx };
Object.assign(form, newForm)
};
const onSubmit = async () => {
const { valid } = await formRef.value.validate();
if (!valid) return;
const storeTraining = workoutStore.newWorkout.training || [];
const workout = {
...workoutStore.newWorkout,
training: [...storeTraining, form],
};
workoutStore.setNewWorkout(workout);
isOpen.value = false;
};
Store
import { ref, computed } from "vue";
import { defineStore } from "pinia";
import type { IUser } from "#/domain/users/type";
import type { ITraining, IWorkout } from "#/domain/workouts/types";
export const useWorkoutStore = defineStore("workouts", () => {
const creatingWorkoutStudent = ref<IUser | null>(null);
const newWorkout = ref<Partial<IWorkout>>({});
const setCreatingWorkoutStudent = (newUser: IUser) => {
creatingWorkoutStudent.value = newUser;
};
const setNewWorkout = (workout: Partial<IWorkout>) => {
newWorkout.value = { ...workout };
return newWorkout.value;
};
const addNewTraining = (training: ITraining) => {
newWorkout.value.training
? newWorkout.value.training.push(training)
: (newWorkout.value.training = [training]);
};
const reset = () => {
newWorkout.value = {};
creatingWorkoutStudent.value = null;
};
return {
creatingWorkoutStudent,
setCreatingWorkoutStudent,
newWorkout,
setNewWorkout,
reset,
addNewTraining,
};
});
And this is a example of an input that mutates reactive values
<text-field
label="Exercício"
#input="
handleChange(
{ value: $event.target.value, name: 'exercise' },
index
)
"
:value="exercise.exercise"
:rules="[validationRules.required]"
/>
Every time that a input changes a value in const form = reactive(), the same property in Pinia store is changed too.
I've created a fiddle to exemplify my issue here
I have an AddToCart component that calls AddToCart action on context.
context.ts:
import React, { useContext, useReducer, useEffect } from "react";
import reducer from "./reducer";
import Cookies from "js-cookie";
const initialCart = {
cart: Cookies.get("cart") ? JSON.parse(Cookies.get("cart")!) : [],
isShowing: false,
loading: false,
lastAdded: null,
total: 0,
amount: 0,
};
const CartContext = React.createContext<any>(initialCart);
const CartProvider = ({ children }: { children: any }) => {
const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(reducer, initialCart);
const showModal = () => {
dispatch({ type: "SHOW_MODAL" });
};
const hideModal = () => {
dispatch({ type: "HIDE_MODAL" });
};
const addToCart = (product: any) => {
dispatch({ type: "ADD_TO_CART", payload: product });
};
return (
<CartContext.Provider
value={{
...state,
showModal,
hideModal,
addToCart,
}}
>
{children}
</CartContext.Provider>
);
};
// make cart context available to child components
export const useCartContext = () => {
return useContext(CartContext);
};
export { CartContext, CartProvider };
reducer.ts: (excuse my terrible use of types, will fix)
import Cookies from "js-cookie";
const reducer = (state: any, action: any) => {
if (action.type === "SHOW_MODAL") {
return { ...state, isShowing: true };
}
if (action.type === "HIDE_MODAL") {
return { ...state, isShowing: false };
}
if (action.type === "ADD_TO_CART") {
const {
Color,
MPN,
SKU,
SO,
Size,
UPC,
manufacturerID,
price,
productID,
productName,
qtyInStock,
pic,
productURI,
} = action.payload;
const tempItem = state.cart.find((item: any) => {
return item.productID === productID;
});
// if item being added to cart already exists in cart:
if (tempItem) {
let newCart = state.cart.map((cartItem: any) => {
if (cartItem.productID === productID) {
let newQty = cartItem.qty + 1;
if (newQty > cartItem.qtyInStock) {
newQty = cartItem.qtyInStock;
// replace this with toast for a more professional looking alert
window.alert("No additional items available");
return { ...cartItem };
}
state.isShowing = true;
state.lastAdded = cartItem;
// bring user to top of page
window.scrollTo({
top: 0,
behavior: "smooth",
});
return { ...cartItem, qty: newQty };
} else {
return { ...cartItem };
}
});
return {
...state,
cart: [...newCart],
isShowing: state.isShowing,
lastAdded: state.lastAdded,
};
} else {
let newItem = {
Color,
MPN,
SKU,
SO,
Size,
UPC,
manufacturerID,
price,
productID,
productName,
qtyInStock,
pic,
qty: 1,
productURI,
};
// bring user to top of page
window.scrollTo({
top: 0,
behavior: "smooth",
});
Cookies.set("cart", JSON.stringify([...state.cart, newItem]));
const prevState = { ...state };
// return updated state
return {
...prevState,
cart: [...state.cart, newItem],
isShowing: true,
lastAdded: { ...newItem },
};
}
}
throw new Error("no matching action type");
};
export default reducer;
cart.tsx:
import React from "react";
import Layout from "../components/layout/Layout";
import { useContext } from "react";
import { CartContext } from "../modules/cart/context";
import CouponCode from "../components/cart/CouponCode";
import dynamic from "next/dynamic";
import CartItem from "../components/cart/CartItem";
const Cart = () => {
const context = useContext(CartContext);
return (
<Layout>
<div
className={`sm:container flex mx-auto`}
style={{ maxWidth: "1100px" }}
>
<div className={`flex w-full mx-auto`}>
<div className={`basis-2/3 mr-8`}>
<h3 className={`text-2xl font-leagueSpartan mb-4`}>Bag</h3>
<div className={``}>
{context.cart.map((product: any, index: number) => {
return <CartItem key={index} product={product} />;
})}
</div>
</div>
<div>
<h3 className={`text-2xl font-leagueSpartan mb-4`}>Summary</h3>
<div>Do you have a coupon code?</div>
<CouponCode />
<div>
<div>Subtotal:</div>
<div>Estimated Shipping & Handling:</div>
<div>Estimated Tax:</div>
</div>
<hr className={`my-8 h-px bg-gray-400 border-0`}></hr>
<div>Total: </div>
<hr className={`my-8 h-px bg-gray-400 border-0`}></hr>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</Layout>
);
};
export default dynamic(() => Promise.resolve(Cart), { ssr: false });
After adding to cart and navigating to the cart page, no cart item is shown (the item is stored in the cart cookie correctly). When the page is refreshed, the item is shown.
I initially thought this has to do with deep cloning and that react is not acknowledging that a change is made to the cart array. Upon further research, I think I am using the spread operator correctly, but my next step will be to use lodash deep clone just in case. Other than that, I'm just reviewing the code for a design patter flaw that would prevent state from syncing with the cookie. Thanks!
I am trying to learn hooks and the useState method has made me confused. I am assigning an initial value to a state in the form of an array. The set method in useState is not working for me, both with and without the spread syntax.
I have made an API on another PC that I am calling and fetching the data which I want to set into the state.
Here is my code:
<div id="root"></div>
<script type="text/babel" defer>
// import React, { useState, useEffect } from "react";
// import ReactDOM from "react-dom";
const { useState, useEffect } = React; // web-browser variant
const StateSelector = () => {
const initialValue = [
{
category: "",
photo: "",
description: "",
id: 0,
name: "",
rating: 0
}
];
const [movies, setMovies] = useState(initialValue);
useEffect(() => {
(async function() {
try {
// const response = await fetch("http://192.168.1.164:5000/movies/display");
// const json = await response.json();
// const result = json.data.result;
const result = [
{
category: "cat1",
description: "desc1",
id: "1546514491119",
name: "randomname2",
photo: null,
rating: "3"
},
{
category: "cat2",
description: "desc1",
id: "1546837819818",
name: "randomname1",
rating: "5"
}
];
console.log("result =", result);
setMovies(result);
console.log("movies =", movies);
} catch (e) {
console.error(e);
}
})();
}, []);
return <p>hello</p>;
};
const rootElement = document.getElementById("root");
ReactDOM.render(<StateSelector />, rootElement);
</script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/#babel/standalone#7/babel.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react#17/umd/react.production.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom#17/umd/react-dom.production.min.js"></script>
Neither setMovies(result) nor setMovies(...result) works.
I expect the result variable to be pushed into the movies array.
Much like .setState() in class components created by extending React.Component or React.PureComponent, the state update using the updater provided by useState hook is also asynchronous, and will not be reflected immediately.
Also, the main issue here is not just the asynchronous nature but the fact that state values are used by functions based on their current closures, and state updates will reflect in the next re-render by which the existing closures are not affected, but new ones are created. Now in the current state, the values within hooks are obtained by existing closures, and when a re-render happens, the closures are updated based on whether the function is recreated again or not.
Even if you add a setTimeout the function, though the timeout will run after some time by which the re-render would have happened, the setTimeout will still use the value from its previous closure and not the updated one.
setMovies(result);
console.log(movies) // movies here will not be updated
If you want to perform an action on state update, you need to use the useEffect hook, much like using componentDidUpdate in class components since the setter returned by useState doesn't have a callback pattern
useEffect(() => {
// action on update of movies
}, [movies]);
As far as the syntax to update state is concerned, setMovies(result) will replace the previous movies value in the state with those available from the async request.
However, if you want to merge the response with the previously existing values, you must use the callback syntax of state updation along with the correct use of spread syntax like
setMovies(prevMovies => ([...prevMovies, ...result]));
Additional details to the previous answer:
While React's setState is asynchronous (both classes and hooks), and it's tempting to use that fact to explain the observed behavior, it is not the reason why it happens.
TLDR: The reason is a closure scope around an immutable const value.
Solutions:
read the value in render function (not inside nested functions):
useEffect(() => { setMovies(result) }, [])
console.log(movies)
add the variable into dependencies (and use the react-hooks/exhaustive-deps eslint rule):
useEffect(() => { setMovies(result) }, [])
useEffect(() => { console.log(movies) }, [movies])
use a temporary variable:
useEffect(() => {
const newMovies = result
console.log(newMovies)
setMovies(newMovies)
}, [])
use a mutable reference (if we don't need a state and only want to remember the value - updating a ref doesn't trigger re-render):
const moviesRef = useRef(initialValue)
useEffect(() => {
moviesRef.current = result
console.log(moviesRef.current)
}, [])
Explanation why it happens:
If async was the only reason, it would be possible to await setState().
However, both props and state are assumed to be unchanging during 1 render.
Treat this.state as if it were immutable.
With hooks, this assumption is enhanced by using constant values with the const keyword:
const [state, setState] = useState('initial')
The value might be different between 2 renders, but remains a constant inside the render itself and inside any closures (functions that live longer even after render is finished, e.g. useEffect, event handlers, inside any Promise or setTimeout).
Consider following fake, but synchronous, React-like implementation:
// sync implementation:
let internalState
let renderAgain
const setState = (updateFn) => {
internalState = updateFn(internalState)
renderAgain()
}
const useState = (defaultState) => {
if (!internalState) {
internalState = defaultState
}
return [internalState, setState]
}
const render = (component, node) => {
const {html, handleClick} = component()
node.innerHTML = html
renderAgain = () => render(component, node)
return handleClick
}
// test:
const MyComponent = () => {
const [x, setX] = useState(1)
console.log('in render:', x) // ✅
const handleClick = () => {
setX(current => current + 1)
console.log('in handler/effect/Promise/setTimeout:', x) // ❌ NOT updated
}
return {
html: `<button>${x}</button>`,
handleClick
}
}
const triggerClick = render(MyComponent, document.getElementById('root'))
triggerClick()
triggerClick()
triggerClick()
<div id="root"></div>
I know that there are already very good answers. But I want to give another idea how to solve the same issue, and access the latest 'movie' state, using my module react-useStateRef.
As you understand by using React state you can render the page every time the state change. But by using React ref, you can always get the latest values.
So the module react-useStateRef let you use state's and ref's together. It's backward compatible with React.useState, so you can just replace the import statement
const { useEffect } = React
import { useState } from 'react-usestateref'
const [movies, setMovies] = useState(initialValue);
useEffect(() => {
(async function() {
try {
const result = [
{
id: "1546514491119",
},
];
console.log("result =", result);
setMovies(result);
console.log("movies =", movies.current); // will give you the latest results
} catch (e) {
console.error(e);
}
})();
}, []);
More information:
react-usestsateref
I just finished a rewrite with useReducer, following #kentcdobs article (ref below) which really gave me a solid result that suffers not one bit from these closure problems.
See: https://kentcdodds.com/blog/how-to-use-react-context-effectively
I condensed his readable boilerplate to my preferred level of DRYness -- reading his sandbox implementation will show you how it actually works.
import React from 'react'
// ref: https://kentcdodds.com/blog/how-to-use-react-context-effectively
const ApplicationDispatch = React.createContext()
const ApplicationContext = React.createContext()
function stateReducer(state, action) {
if (state.hasOwnProperty(action.type)) {
return { ...state, [action.type]: state[action.type] = action.newValue };
}
throw new Error(`Unhandled action type: ${action.type}`);
}
const initialState = {
keyCode: '',
testCode: '',
testMode: false,
phoneNumber: '',
resultCode: null,
mobileInfo: '',
configName: '',
appConfig: {},
};
function DispatchProvider({ children }) {
const [state, dispatch] = React.useReducer(stateReducer, initialState);
return (
<ApplicationDispatch.Provider value={dispatch}>
<ApplicationContext.Provider value={state}>
{children}
</ApplicationContext.Provider>
</ApplicationDispatch.Provider>
)
}
function useDispatchable(stateName) {
const context = React.useContext(ApplicationContext);
const dispatch = React.useContext(ApplicationDispatch);
return [context[stateName], newValue => dispatch({ type: stateName, newValue })];
}
function useKeyCode() { return useDispatchable('keyCode'); }
function useTestCode() { return useDispatchable('testCode'); }
function useTestMode() { return useDispatchable('testMode'); }
function usePhoneNumber() { return useDispatchable('phoneNumber'); }
function useResultCode() { return useDispatchable('resultCode'); }
function useMobileInfo() { return useDispatchable('mobileInfo'); }
function useConfigName() { return useDispatchable('configName'); }
function useAppConfig() { return useDispatchable('appConfig'); }
export {
DispatchProvider,
useKeyCode,
useTestCode,
useTestMode,
usePhoneNumber,
useResultCode,
useMobileInfo,
useConfigName,
useAppConfig,
}
With a usage similar to this:
import { useHistory } from "react-router-dom";
// https://react-bootstrap.github.io/components/alerts
import { Container, Row } from 'react-bootstrap';
import { useAppConfig, useKeyCode, usePhoneNumber } from '../../ApplicationDispatchProvider';
import { ControlSet } from '../../components/control-set';
import { keypadClass } from '../../utils/style-utils';
import { MaskedEntry } from '../../components/masked-entry';
import { Messaging } from '../../components/messaging';
import { SimpleKeypad, HandleKeyPress, ALT_ID } from '../../components/simple-keypad';
export const AltIdPage = () => {
const history = useHistory();
const [keyCode, setKeyCode] = useKeyCode();
const [phoneNumber, setPhoneNumber] = usePhoneNumber();
const [appConfig, setAppConfig] = useAppConfig();
const keyPressed = btn => {
const maxLen = appConfig.phoneNumberEntry.entryLen;
const newValue = HandleKeyPress(btn, phoneNumber).slice(0, maxLen);
setPhoneNumber(newValue);
}
const doSubmit = () => {
history.push('s');
}
const disableBtns = phoneNumber.length < appConfig.phoneNumberEntry.entryLen;
return (
<Container fluid className="text-center">
<Row>
<Messaging {...{ msgColors: appConfig.pageColors, msgLines: appConfig.entryMsgs.altIdMsgs }} />
</Row>
<Row>
<MaskedEntry {...{ ...appConfig.phoneNumberEntry, entryColors: appConfig.pageColors, entryLine: phoneNumber }} />
</Row>
<Row>
<SimpleKeypad {...{ keyboardName: ALT_ID, themeName: appConfig.keyTheme, keyPressed, styleClass: keypadClass }} />
</Row>
<Row>
<ControlSet {...{ btnColors: appConfig.buttonColors, disabled: disableBtns, btns: [{ text: 'Submit', click: doSubmit }] }} />
</Row>
</Container>
);
};
AltIdPage.propTypes = {};
Now everything persists smoothly everywhere across all my pages
React's useEffect has its own state/lifecycle. It's related to mutation of state, and it will not update the state until the effect is destroyed.
Just pass a single argument in parameters state or leave it a black array and it will work perfectly.
React.useEffect(() => {
console.log("effect");
(async () => {
try {
let result = await fetch("/query/countries");
const res = await result.json();
let result1 = await fetch("/query/projects");
const res1 = await result1.json();
let result11 = await fetch("/query/regions");
const res11 = await result11.json();
setData({
countries: res,
projects: res1,
regions: res11
});
} catch {}
})(data)
}, [setData])
# or use this
useEffect(() => {
(async () => {
try {
await Promise.all([
fetch("/query/countries").then((response) => response.json()),
fetch("/query/projects").then((response) => response.json()),
fetch("/query/regions").then((response) => response.json())
]).then(([country, project, region]) => {
// console.log(country, project, region);
setData({
countries: country,
projects: project,
regions: region
});
})
} catch {
console.log("data fetch error")
}
})()
}, [setData]);
Alternatively, you can try React.useRef() for instant change in the React hook.
const movies = React.useRef(null);
useEffect(() => {
movies.current='values';
console.log(movies.current)
}, [])
The closure is not the only reason.
Based on the source code of useState (simplified below). Seems to me the value is never assigned right away.
What happens is that an update action is queued when you invoke setValue. And after the schedule kicks in and only when you get to the next render, these update action then is applied to that state.
Which means even we don't have closure issue, react version of useState is not going to give you the new value right away. The new value doesn't even exist until next render.
function useState(initialState) {
let hook;
...
let baseState = hook.memoizedState;
if (hook.queue.pending) {
let firstUpdate = hook.queue.pending.next;
do {
const action = firstUpdate.action;
baseState = action(baseState); // setValue HERE
firstUpdate = firstUpdate.next;
} while (firstUpdate !== hook.queue.pending);
hook.queue.pending = null;
}
hook.memoizedState = baseState;
return [baseState, dispatchAction.bind(null, hook.queue)];
}
function dispatchAction(queue, action) {
const update = {
action,
next: null
};
if (queue.pending === null) {
update.next = update;
} else {
update.next = queue.pending.next;
queue.pending.next = update;
}
queue.pending = update;
isMount = false;
workInProgressHook = fiber.memoizedState;
schedule();
}
There's also an article explaining the above in the similar way, https://dev.to/adamklein/we-don-t-know-how-react-state-hook-works-1lp8
I too was stuck with the same problem. As other answers above have clarified the error here, which is that useState is asynchronous and you are trying to use the value just after setState. It is not updating on the console.log() part because of the asynchronous nature of setState, it lets your further code to execute, while the value updating happens on the background. Thus you are getting the previous value. When the setState is completed on the background it will update the value and you will have access to that value on the next render.
If anyone is interested to understand this in detail. Here is a really good Conference talk on the topic.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8aGhZQkoFbQ
I found this to be good. Instead of defining state (approach 1) as, example,
const initialValue = 1;
const [state,setState] = useState(initialValue)
Try this approach (approach 2),
const [state = initialValue,setState] = useState()
This resolved the rerender issue without using useEffect since we are not concerned with its internal closure approach with this case.
P.S.: If you are concerned with using old state for any use case then useState with useEffect needs to be used since it will need to have that state, so approach 1 shall be used in this situation.
If we have to update state only, then a better way can be if we use the push method to do so.
Here is my code. I want to store URLs from Firebase in state.
const [imageUrl, setImageUrl] = useState([]);
const [reload, setReload] = useState(0);
useEffect(() => {
if (reload === 4) {
downloadUrl1();
}
}, [reload]);
const downloadUrl = async () => {
setImages([]);
try {
for (let i = 0; i < images.length; i++) {
let url = await storage().ref(urls[i].path).getDownloadURL();
imageUrl.push(url);
setImageUrl([...imageUrl]);
console.log(url, 'check', urls.length, 'length', imageUrl.length);
}
}
catch (e) {
console.log(e);
}
};
const handleSubmit = async () => {
setReload(4);
await downloadUrl();
console.log(imageUrl);
console.log('post submitted');
};
This code works to put URLs in state as an array. This might also work for you.
With custom hooks from my library, you can wait for the state values to update:
useAsyncWatcher(...values):watcherFn(peekPrevValue: boolean)=>Promise - is a promise wrapper around useEffect that can wait for updates and return a new value and possibly a previous one if the optional peekPrevValue argument is set to true.
(Live Demo)
import React, { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from "react";
import { useAsyncWatcher } from "use-async-effect2";
function TestComponent(props) {
const [counter, setCounter] = useState(0);
const [text, setText] = useState("");
const textWatcher = useAsyncWatcher(text);
useEffect(() => {
setText(`Counter: ${counter}`);
}, [counter]);
const inc = useCallback(() => {
(async () => {
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 1000));
setCounter((counter) => counter + 1);
const updatedText = await textWatcher();
console.log(updatedText);
})();
}, []);
return (
<div className="component">
<div className="caption">useAsyncEffect demo</div>
<div>{counter}</div>
<button onClick={inc}>Inc counter</button>
</div>
);
}
export default TestComponent;
useAsyncDeepState is a deep state implementation (similar to this.setState (patchObject)) whose setter can return a promise synchronized with the internal effect. If the setter is called with no arguments, it does not change the state values, but simply subscribes to state updates. In this case, you can get the state value from anywhere inside your component, since function closures are no longer a hindrance.
(Live Demo)
import React, { useCallback, useEffect } from "react";
import { useAsyncDeepState } from "use-async-effect2";
function TestComponent(props) {
const [state, setState] = useAsyncDeepState({
counter: 0,
computedCounter: 0
});
useEffect(() => {
setState(({ counter }) => ({
computedCounter: counter * 2
}));
}, [state.counter]);
const inc = useCallback(() => {
(async () => {
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 1000));
await setState(({ counter }) => ({ counter: counter + 1 }));
console.log("computedCounter=", state.computedCounter);
})();
});
return (
<div className="component">
<div className="caption">useAsyncDeepState demo</div>
<div>state.counter : {state.counter}</div>
<div>state.computedCounter : {state.computedCounter}</div>
<button onClick={() => inc()}>Inc counter</button>
</div>
);
}
var [state,setState]=useState(defaultValue)
useEffect(()=>{
var updatedState
setState(currentState=>{ // Do not change the state by get the updated state
updateState=currentState
return currentState
})
alert(updateState) // the current state.
})
Without any addtional NPM package
//...
const BackendPageListing = () => {
const [ myData, setMyData] = useState( {
id: 1,
content: "abc"
})
const myFunction = ( x ) => {
setPagenateInfo({
...myData,
content: x
})
console.log(myData) // not reflecting change immediately
let myDataNew = {...myData, content: x };
console.log(myDataNew) // Reflecting change immediately
}
return (
<>
<button onClick={()=>{ myFunction("New Content")} }>Update MyData</button>
</>
)
Not saying to do this, but it isn't hard to do what the OP asked without useEffect.
Use a promise to resolve the new state in the body of the setter function:
const getState = <T>(
setState: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<T>>
): Promise<T> => {
return new Promise((resolve) => {
setState((currentState: T) => {
resolve(currentState);
return currentState;
});
});
};
And this is how you use it (example shows the comparison between count and outOfSyncCount/syncCount in the UI rendering):
const App: React.FC = () => {
const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
const [outOfSyncCount, setOutOfSyncCount] = useState(0);
const [syncCount, setSyncCount] = useState(0);
const handleOnClick = async () => {
setCount(count + 1);
// Doesn't work
setOutOfSyncCount(count);
// Works
const newCount = await getState(setCount);
setSyncCount(newCount);
};
return (
<>
<h2>Count = {count}</h2>
<h2>Synced count = {syncCount}</h2>
<h2>Out of sync count = {outOfSyncCount}</h2>
<button onClick={handleOnClick}>Increment</button>
</>
);
};
Use the Background Timer library. It solved my problem.
const timeoutId = BackgroundTimer.setTimeout(() => {
// This will be executed once after 1 seconds
// even when the application is the background
console.log('tac');
}, 1000);
// replace
return <p>hello</p>;
// with
return <p>{JSON.stringify(movies)}</p>;
Now you should see, that your code actually does work. What does not work is the console.log(movies). This is because movies points to the old state. If you move your console.log(movies) outside of useEffect, right above the return, you will see the updated movies object.
I'm trying to call a API from my store to update the state of a component, here getting the price of a crypto-curency.
I use a clone of my state in return (nextState here) and the log of nextState is well fill with goods price, but my component get only the initialState.
Here the code :
My component
import React from 'react';
import { StyleSheet, Text, View, Button, ImageBackground,TouchableOpacity, Image } from 'react-native';
import {widthPercentageToDP as wp, heightPercentageToDP as hp} from 'react-native-responsive-screen';
import { connect } from 'react-redux'
class Bitcoin extends React.Component {
constructor(props){
super(props);
this.state = {
}
}
componentDidMount() {
const action = { type: 'PRICES', value: this.state.cryptos}
this.props.dispatch(action)
console.log(this.props.cryptos)
}
componentDidUpdate() {
console.log("Component did Update : ")
console.log(this.props.cryptos)
}
render() {
return (
<View>
<Text style={styles.title}>Bitcoin !</Text>
<Text> {this.props.cryptos[0].price} </Text>
</View>
)
}
}
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
title: {
marginTop: wp("10%")
},
});
const mapStateToProps = (state) => {
return {
cryptos: state.Crypto.cryptos
}
}
const mapDispatchToProps = (dispatch) => {
return {
dispatch: (action) => { dispatch(action) }
}
}
export default connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps)(Bitcoin)
My Reducer :
const initialState = { cryptos: [
{
title: "Bitcoin",
id: "BTC",
price: 0
}, {
title: "Ethereum",
id: "ETH",
price: 0
}, {
title: "Ripple",
id: "XRP",
price: 0
}], toast: 0}
function Crypto(state = initialState, action) {
let nextState
switch (action.type) {
case 'PRICES':
nextState = {...state}
fetch('https://min-api.cryptocompare.com/data/pricemulti?fsyms=ETH,BTC,XRP&tsyms=EUR&api_key=c3b60840403013f86c45f2ee97571ffdf60072fafff5c133ed587d91088451b6')
.then((response) => response.json())
.then((responseJson) => {
nextState.cryptos[0].price = responseJson.BTC.EUR.toString()
nextState.cryptos[1].price = responseJson.ETH.EUR.toString()
nextState.cryptos[2].price = responseJson.XRP.EUR.toString()
console.log("NextState :");
console.log(nextState.cryptos);
return nextState
})
.catch((error) => {
console.error(error);
});
return nextState
case 'TOAST':
nextState = {...state}
default:
return state
}
}
export default Crypto
Welcome to StackOverflow.
I guess you are new to Redux workflow. So here it is.
Actions describe an action. The reducer receive the action and specify how the store is changing.
Action must be plain javascript object. And reducer functions must be pure !
Here what is forbidden to do inside reducers :
Mutate its arguments;
Perform side effects like API calls and routing transitions;
Call non-pure functions, e.g. Date.now() or Math.random().
In your example, by calling fetch. You're making an API Call.
I invite you to read this guide to know more about : How to introduce API call and asynchronous into your redux app. (https://redux.js.org/advanced/async-actions)
I'm new to react redux, so I think I'm just missing something basic.
I have three reducers, two to handle orders that update in the store as arrays, and one that shows the status of a web socket connection I'm using to receive orders from the server.
// reducers.js
import { combineReducers } from 'redux'
import { ADD_POS_ORDER, ADD_MOBILE_ORDER, UPDATE_WS_STATUS, wsStatuses } from '../actions/actions'
const { UNINITIALIZED } = wsStatuses
const posOrders = (state = [], action) => {
switch (action.type) {
case ADD_POS_ORDER:
return [
...state,
{
id: action.order.id,
status: action.order.status,
name: action.order.name,
pickupNum: action.order.pickupNum
}
]
default:
return state
}
}
const mobileOrders = (state = [], action) => {
switch (action.type) {
case ADD_MOBILE_ORDER:
return [
...state,
{
id: action.order.id,
status: action.order.status,
name: action.order.name,
pickupNum: action.order.pickupNum
}
]
default:
return state
}
}
const wsStatus = (state = UNINITIALIZED, action) => {
switch (action.type) {
case UPDATE_WS_STATUS:
return action.status
default:
return state
}
}
const displayApp = combineReducers({
posOrders,
mobileOrders,
wsStatus
})
export default displayApp
When I connect to the socket, I dispatch an action to update wsStatus and the action is stored as 'CONNECTED'.
When I follow with an order with the posOrders reducer, the wsStatus is reset to its default, 'UNINITIALIZED'.
What I am struggling to understand is why wsStatus is not using the previous state of 'CONNECTED', but instead returning default.
// actions.js
export const UPDATE_WS_STATUS = 'UPDATE_WS_STATUS'
export const wsStatuses = {
UNINITIALIZED: 'UNINITIALIZED',
CONNECTING: 'CONNECTING',
CONNECTED: 'CONNECTED',
DISCONNECTED: 'DISCONNECTED'
}
export const ADD_POS_ORDER = 'ADD_POS_ORDER'
export const ADD_MOBILE_ORDER = 'ADD_MOBILE_ORDER'
export const UPDATE_POS_ORDER = 'UPDATE_POS_ORDER'
export const setWsStatus = (status) => {
return {
type: 'UPDATE_WS_STATUS',
status: status
}
}
export const updateOrderQueue = (action, order) => {
return {
type: action,
id: order.id,
order: order,
receivedAt: Date.now()
}
}
Here's where I make the calls:
// socketListeners.js
import { setWsStatus } from '../actions/actions'
import SockJS from 'sockjs-client'
export const socket = new SockJS('http://localhost:3000/echo')
export default function (dispatch, setState) {
socket.onopen = function () {
dispatch(setWsStatus('CONNECTED'))
}
socket.onclose = function () {
dispatch(setWsStatus('DISCONNECTED'))
}
}
// orders container
import React, { Component } from 'react'
import { connect } from 'react-redux'
import PropTypes from 'prop-types'
import { socket } from '../helpers/socketListeners'
import { updateOrderQueue, setWsStatus } from '../actions/actions'
import PosOrder from '../components/queue/PosOrder'
class PosOrderList extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props)
}
componentDidMount() {
const { dispatch } = this.props
socket.onmessage = function(e) {
// convert order info to object
let parsedOrder = JSON.parse(e.data)
let action = parsedOrder.action
let order = parsedOrder.order
dispatch(updateOrderQueue(action, order))
}
}
render() {
const { updateOrderQueue } = this.props
return (
<ul>
{this.props.posOrders.map(posOrder =>
<PosOrder
key={posOrder.id}
{...posOrder}
/>
)}
</ul>
)
}
}
PosOrderList.propTypes = {
posOrders: PropTypes.arrayOf(PropTypes.shape({
id: PropTypes.hash,
status: PropTypes.string,
name: PropTypes.string,
pickupNum: PropTypes.oneOfType([PropTypes.number, PropTypes.string])
}))
}
// send data to component props
const mapStateToProps = (state) => {
return {
posOrders: state.posOrders,
}
}
export default connect(mapStateToProps)(PosOrderList)
// store
const store = configureStore(initialState)
export default function configureStore(initialState) {
return createStore(
displayApp,
initialState,
applyMiddleware(
createLogger({
stateTransformer: state => state.toJS()
}),
thunk,
// socketMiddleware
)
)
}
addSocketListeners(store.dispatch, store.getState)
Lastly, the store logs here: redux store
Any and all help on this would be very appreciated! Thank you!
When you compose your reducer with combineReducers, for each dispatched action, all subreducers get invoked, since every reducer gets a chance to respond to every action.
Therefore, all state gets initialized after the first action is dispatched.
Your reducers are working fine https://jsfiddle.net/on8v2z8j/1/
var store = Redux.createStore(displayApp);
store.subscribe(render);
store.dispatch({type: 'UPDATE_WS_STATUS',status:'CONNECTED'});
store.dispatch({type: 'ADD_POS_ORDER',id:'id'});
store.dispatch({type: 'UPDATE_WS_STATUS',status:'DISCONNECTED'});