I can't seem to understand how to assign the IP address to routers.
Could someone explain how to get the IP address for the router? (image 1)
this is a diagram included in our course lecture
diagram
I found similar questions but using programming languages it's not the way I am looking for so please help.
The Router on the image have three interfaces with IPs:
223.1.1.4
223.1.3.27
223.1.2.9
To change it, you need to change the IP of the interface using some programming language like CISCO iOS CLI.
If you want to add some device to a virtual network, be careful with the subnet mask.
In the example, the subnet mask of all interfaces is probably 255.255.255.0 with 223.1.1.0/24,223.1.2.0/24 and 223.1.3.0/24 prefixes. So, if you want to add a device to a VLAN, you need to use an IP with the same network prefix.
If you want to add a device in the 223.1.1.0/24 VLAN, you need to specify 223.1.1.X IP, with 255.255.255.0 subnet mask and 223.1.1.4 as default gateway.
Related
Please can the 255.255.255.0 mask communicate with the 255.255.0.0 mask.
can IP 192.168.100.1 and IP 192.168.200.1 exist within the 255.255.255.0 network?
I feel like the impact of the 255.0 subnet will not permit me to move 100.1 to 200.1 network.
I just want someone who has tried such to please educate me.
I am using Cisco packet tracer.
I am not sure if I have understood you correctly, but if you wanna reach the .100 subnet from your .200 and vice versa you have to configure a route from one subnet to another.
To configure a such route you need the network address, the subnet mask and the ip address of your gateway(your router I guess).
If both subnets are directly connected to your router, you have nothing to do on your router and just add the route on your hosts.
Then your network looks similar to this (Maybe the hosts are connected to aswitch which is then connected to the router):
It depends on your host how to add a route. On linux you can use the ip command or use the GUI.
Hello guys I got a problem with IPV6 that my ISP give me. I don't really familiar with the IPV6 and this is the info that he gave me.
2001:0E68:5845:7500::/56
2001:0E68:5810:0B23::/64
what are those mean? can I use it to host a web server? can I use it on my DNS like Cloudflare?
/64 1 IPv6 subnet
what does that mean by 1 ipv6 subnet? what is the full address of that ipv6?
and this
/56 256 LAN segments
is it only used by LAN, not on WAN? what I mean is it's like we set up a webserver some IPV4 of our WAN will use at DNS for pointing that domain to ipv4. am so confusing right now please help me explain it to me.
You will typically only use standard /64 networks with IPv6, else you will break some IPv6 features (/127 for point-to-point networks and /128 for loopback addresses are the exceptions).
Your ISP is assigning the /64 network as a transit network to reach your site. The /56 prefix is a delegation, and your router should be able to automatically delegate /64 networks for the individual networks in your site.
The 2001:0E68:5810:0B23::/64 is the full network address for the transit network between the ISP and your site, and you do not normally advertise or use this network in DNS.
The 2001:0E68:5845:7500::/56 is the delegated prefix from which your router can delegate individual standard /64 networks for use within your site. You can use one of the /64 networks to derive your /127 point-to-point and /128 router loopback addresses.
Search for IPv6 Prefix Delegation.
Because these are Global IPv6 addresses, you can assign them to DNS AAAA records. You need to make sure your ISP allows any services you want to provide (very likely with such an address allocation) and be sure to allow any public services (including requests) through your firewall.
I have two PCs, as depicted in the figure.
Because of practical constraints, I cannot change anything on PC2, i.e., I cannot change its IP address and gateway (blank).
On both PCs, the subnet mask is '''255.255.255.0'''.
On PC1, I can only configure the gateway IP address.
Ideally, I would like both PCs to "think" they were communicating in the same network range (no gateways needed as far as the PCs were concerned).
Would this be feasible?
If yes, what kind of functionalities those routers must implement?
Ideally I want to be able from PC1 to
ping 192.168.1.11
and get responses from 192.168.2.11, i.e., the router(s) would handle all the address translation.
Thank you.
If you can't change PCs, it needs to be done on gateway.
Try changing the network mask from 255.255.255.0 to 255.255.0.0 (or from 24 to 16) on the routers (LAN interface).
If possible you could also change the network mask on PC.
I am sort of stumped on this.
My layout will be the following:
one subnet 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 whereas each computer on that subnet has 2 interfaces and it is statically assigned. GW will be a router with DHCP/DNS disabled at 192.168.0.254.
The second interface will have a subnet based on the last digit of the statically assigned first subnet whereas:
NIC1: 192.168.0.1 NIC2: 192.168.1.1 (255.255.255.0)
NIC1: 192.168.0.2 NIC2: 192.168.2.1 (255.255.255.0)
and so on.
On Nic2 will be running a software DHCP server.
My issue is this: I want all computers on all the NIC2 subnets to communicate to the master subnet of 192.168.0.X, and vice versa.
What is the best way to do this? Additionally the hardware MUST be configurable via REST or otherwise. So I cannot really hookup a router with static routes for each one of these because that's not really configurable programmatically. I CAN however use managed switches for this since CISCO makes a rather cheap managed switch that handles REST API requests.
I have considered bridging NIC 1 and NIC 2 but the issue is I would need to block DHCP packets from leaving the NIC 2 network. This doesn't seem possible with the limited windows network bridge.
Open to any suggestions!
Thanks,
Dan
Your best bet is to configure your gateway (router) with a static route from 192.168.1.0 to 192.168.2.0 and from 192.168.2.0 to 192.168.1.0. You don't say what kind of router you are using, but at least on Cisco, it IS possible to configure a static route via REST (as well as other ways). Refer to http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/datacenter/aci/apic/sw/1-x/mapping/mapping_gd/layer3_examples.html#pgfId-1092835 .
There are 2 answers to this.
The first is what Herb said above which is to use Cisco smart switches and REST queries.
The second which is what I in the end implemented was to use a windows server environment with RRAS Lan-Lan routing. The details of which can be found here: https://onlize.wordpress.com/2012/08/18/lan-routing-on-windows-server-2008r2-step-by-step/
What are the effects of incorrectly setting the netmask? I have a C++ application that sets the network mask of a device. If the netmask is set incorrectly, tftp doesn't seem to work properly. Why would this happen? What other problems occur when the netmask is not properly set for a device/PC?
While this question is probably more about IP networks than programming it is a challenging subject for many developers.
The netmask delimits the host address (your PC or server) and the network address (the part of the logical network infrastructure in which your system lives). The two parts are used to deliver the data packet to the correct device. The network address is obtained by ANDing the netmask with the IP Address. Consider the following scenario:
IP Address: 10.0.1.1
Netmask: 255.255.0.0
The host address portion of the IP address for our PC is 1.1, so the PC knows that any host addresses starting 10.0. are local to it. Any addresses that then start 10.1, etc, are not 'local' and will need to be forwarded to a router. If you have another device intended to be on the same network that is:
IP Address: 10.0.2.1
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Here the netmask is wrong for our example setup, this device is now going to see the network address as 10.0.2 and the host address as 1, if it tries to communicate with 10.0.1.1 it will see a network address of 10.0.1! Not local and so will refer it to the default router for forwarding. If the netmask was correctly set (i.e. the same as the first example, assuming that's the correct setting for your network) then the second device would see the first as local, i.e. on the 10.0 network and wouldn't attempt to forward the packet to a router.
Many protocols will happily cope with this but tftp is intended to operate within a single network and so will fail as there's a perception that the target is on a different network.
This may not describe your exact situation but I hope that the example demonstrates the important principle that configuration matters, you can't have an inaccurately configured environment and expect it to work.
The netmask determines which IP adresses are local (non-routed); IP adresses outside that range go through the router. If the netmask is wrong, the program tries to directly access sites where it has to go through the router, or vice versa.
The netmask defines, which part of the IP-address is used as address for the network and which part is used for the workstations.
First Example:
IP1: 192.168.20.4
IP2: 192.168.192.4
NM: 255.255.0.0
Both IPs are in the same net. They can communicate with each other without needing a router. That's because the IP-addresses will result in the same bitmask when you or it with the netmask.
Second Example:
IP1: 192.168.20.4
IP2: 192.168.192.4
NM: 255.255.128.0
Now both IPs are in different networks because when you or the IP-addresses with the Netmask, the resulting bitmask will be different and they wont be able to communicate with each other without a router that routes between the two networks.
You can test this by yourself with ipcalc.
Possible implications of mismatched netmask are explained here. In short:
The host is likely to construct routing table incorrectly.
The host will miss some broadcast packets and not send broadcasts properly.
Mis-function of TFTP is almost for sure caused by the first reason. It affects any other IP protocol in the same way.
Other answers mention only the first problem (which is OK, as the second one is rather marginal). Note that it is not the netmask of the interface itself which determines how the IP packets would be routed - it is the routing subsystem of the host; but the netmask is normally used for constructing the routing table.