Media Queries for all screen sizes - css

From Large Desktop Screen to Small Mobile Device: which are the Media Queries we should use?
I am bit confused with this. I am trying to get this clearly
/*Small Desktop*/
#media (max-width:1920px){
}


#media queries apply standard CSS only where the device's screen meets certain defined criteria (height, width, and pixel-ratio; mainly)
The best resource I've found for media queries is https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/media-queries-for-standard-devices/
Here's a snippet of the fantastic work there:
/* ----------- iPad mini ----------- */
/* Portrait and Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 768px)
and (max-device-width: 1024px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1) {
}
/* Portrait */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 768px)
and (max-device-width: 1024px)
and (orientation: portrait)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1) {
}
/* Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 768px)
and (max-device-width: 1024px)
and (orientation: landscape)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1) {
}

Related

How do you target the new 11-inch iPad Pro with media query?

I am using
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 1024px) and (max-device-width: 1366px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) {}
to target the iPad Pro 12.9 inch
and
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 768px) and (max-device-width: 1023px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) {}
to target all the other ipads.
In this case the new iPad Pro 11-inch uses the same media query of the "old" ipads even if it has a higher resolution. I need to target it differently.
If it helps it has: 2388-by-1668-pixel resolution at 264 pixels per inch (ppi)
Thank you

The following CSS works in Chrome simulator but it would be wise to test it on an actual iPad Pro.
/* ----------- iPad Pro ----------- */
/* Portrait and Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-width: 1024px)
and (max-height: 1366px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) {
}
/* Portrait */
#media only screen
and (min-width: 1024px)
and (max-height: 1366px)
and (orientation: portrait)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) {
}
/* Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-width: 1024px)
and (max-height: 1366px)
and (orientation: landscape)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) {
}
You could also change the values of 1024px to 2388px and test it out.

How does it work with the media screen?

I have the following media screens:
/*
768px - 1280px
WXGA - (Windows Phone com DPI alta)
*/
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 768px)
and (max-device-width: 1280px)
and (orientation: portrait){}
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 768px)
and (max-device-width: 1280px)
and (orientation: landscape){}
/*
1024px - 768px
XGA - (Ipad)
*/
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 768px)
and (max-device-width: 1024px)
and (orientation: portrait){}
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 768px)
and (max-device-width: 1024px)
and (orientation: landscape){}
/*
1366px - 768px
WXGA - (Ultrabook)
*/
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 768px)
and (max-device-width: 1366px)
and (orientation: portrait){}
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 768px)
and (max-device-width: 1366px)
and (orientation: landscape){}
However, there are three (3) rearrangements that have the same pixel,
So he is entering the first 768px without being able to modify it for others.
I would like to know how I do to fix this, since I have (3) resolutions that are as follows:
768x1280
1024x768
1366x768

I assume you don't just want to use this for just few lines of code, but rather for a medium sized/big project.
Your approach is too robust and hard coded. You don't necessary need to be this specific for every device and screen size. This would mean a lot of repeated code.
On your design implementation, focus on the combination between relative + and fixed sizes for elements. (check some well coded responsive template examples)
Then, use #media queries to watch general screen sizes and apply specific changes for these.
A example would be:
/*
768px - 1024px
XGA - (Ipad)
AND
768px - 1280px
WXGA - (Windows Phone com DPI alta)
*/
#media only screen
and (min-width: 768px)
and (max-width: 1280px) {
}
/*
WXGA - (Ultrabook)
768px - 1366px
*/
#media only screen
and (min-width: 1281px)
and (max-width: 1680px) {
}
NOTE: I have replaced device-width(deprecated and often unnecessary) with width.
If you want to check a comparison between them: https://www.sitepoint.com/media-queries-width-vs-device-width/

What is correct media query for IPad Pro?

I have these two but they are not working. I'm simulating in Chrome
/* Landscape*/
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 1024px) and (max-device-width: 1366px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (orientation: landscape) {}
/* Portrait*/
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 1024px) and (max-device-width: 1366px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (orientation: portrait) {}
If I remove 'and (orientation: landscape)' then the css in there works in the first media query.
What is the correct orientation, for both landscape and portrait ?
The HTML meta is set as
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no" />

/* ----------- iPad Pro ----------- */
/* Portrait and Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-width: 1024px)
and (max-height: 1366px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) {
}
/* Portrait */
#media only screen
and (min-width: 1024px)
and (max-height: 1366px)
and (orientation: portrait)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) {
}
/* Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-width: 1024px)
and (max-height: 1366px)
and (orientation: landscape)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) {
}
I don't have an iPad Pro but this works for me in the Chrome simulator.

/* Landscape*/
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 1366px) and (max-device-height: 1024px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (orientation: landscape) {}
/* Portrait*/
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 1024px) and (max-device-height: 1366px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (orientation: portrait) {}
Portrait medias query for iPad Pro should be fine as it is.
Landscape media query for iPad Pro (min-device-width) should be 1366px and (max device-height) should be 1024px.
Hope this helps.

Note that there are multiple iPad Pros, each with a different Viewports: When emulating an iPad Pro via the Chrome developer tools, the iPad Pro (12.9") is the default option. If you want to emulate one of the other iPad Pros (10.5" or 9.7") with a different viewport, you'll need to add a custom emulated device with the correct specs.
You can search devices, viewports, and their respective CSS media queries at: http://vizdevices.yesviz.com/devices.php.
For instance, the iPad Pro (12.9") would have the following media queries:
/* Landscape */
#media only screen and (min-width: 1366px) and (orientation: landscape) { /* Your Styles... */ }
/*Portrait*/
#media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) and (orientation: portrait) { /* Your Styles... */ }
Whereas the iPad Pro (10.5") will have:
/* Landscape */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 1112px) and (orientation: landscape) { /* Your Styles... */ }
/*Portrait*/
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 834px) and (orientation: portrait) { /* Your Styles... */ }

I can't guarantee that this will work for every new iPad Pro which will be released but this works pretty well as of 2019:
#media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) and (max-height: 1366px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) and (hover: none) {
/* ... */
}

This worked for me
/* Portrait */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 834px)
and (max-device-width: 834px)
and (orientation: portrait)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) {
}
/* Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-width: 1112px)
and (max-width: 1112px)
and (orientation: landscape)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
{
}

Too late but may this save you from headache!
All of these is because we have to detect the target browser is a mobile!
Is this a mobile then combine it with min/max-(width/height)'s
So Just this seems works:
#media (hover: none) {
/* ... */
}
If the primary input mechanism system of the device cannot hover over elements with ease or they can but not easily (for example a long touch is performed to emulate the hover) or there is no primary input mechanism at all, we use none!
There are many cases that you can read from bellow links.
Described as well Also for browser Support See this from MDN

I tried several of the proposed answers but the problem is that the media queries conflicted with other queries and instead of displaying the mobile CSS on the iPad Pro, it was displaying the desktop CSS. So instead of using max and min for dimensions, I used the EXACT VALUES and it works because on the iPad pro you can't resize the browser.
Note that I added a query for mobile CSS that I use for devices with less than 900px width; feel free to remove it if needed.
This is the query, it combines both landscape and portrait, it works for the 12.9" and if you need to target the 10.5" you can simply add the queries for these dimensions:
#media only screen and (max-width: 900px),
(height: 1024px) and (width: 1366px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) and (orientation: landscape),
(width: 1024px) and (height: 1366px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) and (orientation: portrait) {
// insert mobile and iPad Pro 12.9" CSS here
}

For those who want to target an iPad Pro 11" the device-width is 834px, device-height is 1194px and the device-pixel-ratio is 2. Source: screen.width, screen.height and devicePixelRatio reported by Safari on iOS Simulator.
Exact media query for portrait: (device-height: 1194px) and (device-width: 834px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (orientation: portrait)

iPad Pro 12th Gen - 2022, I have tried, and it worked.
Portrait:
#media only screen and (width: 1024px) and (height: 1292px) {}
Landscape:
#media only screen and (width: 1366px) and (height: 950px) {}

media query device-width and "regular" width not working

In the code example below there are two cubes with styles for desktop and mobile.
on the iphone for example the cube should be green whereas on desktop it should be (and is) red.
On my iPhone in portrait view I get nothing, on landscape, it is red instead of green.
Same on the iPad.
On Google Chrome Developer Tools, when I choose Apple iPhone 5 Portrait, it doesn't show the media query in the Styles, as if it weren't recognising it or something.
What am I doing wrong?
/* for desktop */
#media only screen and (min-width: 400px) and (max-width: 767px) {
#block2 {width:100px;height:100px;background:red;}
}
/* for iPhone */
#media only screen and (min-device-width:320px) and (max-device-width: 767) {
#block2 {width:100px;height:100px;background:green;}
}
/* for desktop */
#media only screen and (min-width: 960px) and (max-width: 1024px) {
#block {width:100px;height:100px;background:red;}
}
/* for iPad */
#media only screen and (min-device-width:768px) and (max-device-width: 1024) {
#block {width:100px;height:100px;background:green;}
}
<div id="block"></div>
<div id="block2"></div>

There is a syntax error:
(max-device-width: 767)
(max-device-width: 1024)
to
(max-device-width: 767px)
(max-device-width: 1024px)

Try something like this.
/* ----------- iPhone 5 and 5S ----------- */
/* Portrait and Landscape */
#media only screen and
(min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-width: 568px) and
(-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) {
}
/* Portrait */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 320px)
and (max-device-width: 568px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
and (orientation: portrait) {
}
/* Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 320px)
and (max-device-width: 568px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
and (orientation: landscape) {
}
For more details - CSS-Tricks

Media Queries: How to target desktop, tablet, and mobile?

I have been doing some research on media queries and I still don't quite understand how to target devices of certain sizes.
I want to be able to target desktop, tablet and mobile. I know that there will be some discrepancies but it would be nice to have a generic system that can be used to target these devices.
Some examples I have found:
# Mobile
only screen and (min-width: 480px)
# Tablet
only screen and (min-width: 768px)
# Desktop
only screen and (min-width: 992px)
# Huge
only screen and (min-width: 1280px)
Or:
# Phone
only screen and (max-width:320px)
# Tablet
only screen and (min-width:321px) and (max-width:768px)
# Desktop
only screen and (min-width:769px)
What should the breakpoints be for each device?

IMO these are the best breakpoints:
#media (min-width:320px) { /* smartphones, portrait iPhone, portrait 480x320 phones (Android) */ }
#media (min-width:480px) { /* smartphones, Android phones, landscape iPhone */ }
#media (min-width:600px) { /* portrait tablets, portrait iPad, e-readers (Nook/Kindle), landscape 800x480 phones (Android) */ }
#media (min-width:801px) { /* tablet, landscape iPad, lo-res laptops ands desktops */ }
#media (min-width:1025px) { /* big landscape tablets, laptops, and desktops */ }
#media (min-width:1281px) { /* hi-res laptops and desktops */ }
Edit: Refined to work better with 960 grids:
#media (min-width:320px) { /* smartphones, iPhone, portrait 480x320 phones */ }
#media (min-width:481px) { /* portrait e-readers (Nook/Kindle), smaller tablets # 600 or # 640 wide. */ }
#media (min-width:641px) { /* portrait tablets, portrait iPad, landscape e-readers, landscape 800x480 or 854x480 phones */ }
#media (min-width:961px) { /* tablet, landscape iPad, lo-res laptops ands desktops */ }
#media (min-width:1025px) { /* big landscape tablets, laptops, and desktops */ }
#media (min-width:1281px) { /* hi-res laptops and desktops */ }
In practice, many designers convert pixels to ems, largely because ems afford better zooming. At standard zoom 1em === 16px, multiply pixels by 1em/16px to get ems. For example, 320px === 20em.
In response to the comment, min-width is standard in "mobile-first" design, wherein you start by designing for your smallest screens, and then add ever-increasing media queries, working your way onto larger and larger screens.
Regardless of whether you prefer min-, max-, or combinations thereof, be cognizant of the order of your rules, keeping in mind that if multiple rules match the same element, the later rules will override the earlier rules.

Don't target specific devices or sizes!
The general wisdom is not to target specific devices or sizes, but to reframe the term 'breakpoint':
develop the site for mobile first using percentages or ems, not pixels,
then try it in a larger viewport and note where it begins to fail,
redesign the layout and add a CSS media query just to handle the broken parts,
repeat the process until you reach the next breakpoint.
You can use responsivepx.com to find the 'natural' breakpoints, as in 'breakpoints are dead' by Marc Drummond.
Use natural breakpoints
The 'breakpoints' then become the actual point at which your mobile design begins to 'break' i.e. cease to be usable or visually pleasing. Once you have a good working mobile site, without media queries, you can stop being concerned about specific sizes and simply add media queries that handle successively larger viewports.
If you're not trying to pin design to exact screen size, this approach works by removing the need to target specific devices. The integrity of the design itself at each breakpoint ensures that it will hold up at any size. In other words, if a menu/content section/whatever stops being usable at a certain size, design a breakpoint for that size, not for a specific device size.
See Lyza Gardner's post on behavioral breakpoints, and also Zeldman's post about Ethan Marcotte and how responsive web design evolved from the initial idea.
Use semantic markup
Further, the simpler and more semantic the DOM structure with nav, header, main, section, footer etc. (avoiding abominations like div class="header" with nested inner div tags) the easier it will be to engineer responsiveness, especially avoiding floats by using CSS Grid Layout (Sarah Drasner's grid generator is a great tool for this) and flexbox for arranging and re-ordering according to your RWD design plan.

If you want to target a device then just write min-device-width. For example:
For iPhone
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 480px){}
For tablets
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 768px){}
Here are some good articles:
How to fit your website for the Apple iPad
CSS3 Media Queries

I have used this site to find the resolution and developed CSS per actual numbers.
My numbers vary quite a bit from the above answers, except that the my CSS actually hits the desired devices.
Also, have this debugging piece of code right after your media query
e.g:
#media only screen and (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 1281px) {
/* for 10 inches tablet screens */
body::before {
content: "tablet to some desktop media query (769 > 1281) fired";
font-weight: bold;
display: block;
text-align: center;
background: rgba(255, 255, 0, 0.9); /* Semi-transparent yellow */
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
z-index: 99;
}
}
Add this debugging item in every single media query and you will see what query has being applied.

The best breakpoints recommended by Twitter Bootstrap
/* Custom, iPhone Retina */
#media only screen and (min-width : 320px) {
}
/* Extra Small Devices, Phones */
#media only screen and (min-width : 480px) {
}
/* Small Devices, Tablets */
#media only screen and (min-width : 768px) {
}
/* Medium Devices, Desktops */
#media only screen and (min-width : 992px) {
}
/* Large Devices, Wide Screens */
#media only screen and (min-width : 1200px) {
}
Source: https://scotch.io/tutorials/default-sizes-for-twitter-bootstraps-media-queries

Media queries for common device breakpoints
/* Smartphones (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Smartphones (landscape) ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-width : 321px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Smartphones (portrait) ----------- */
#media only screen and (max-width : 320px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (landscape) ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (portrait) ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) {
/* Styles */
}
/**********
iPad 3
**********/
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Desktops and laptops ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-width : 1224px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Large screens ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-width : 1824px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone 4 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone 5 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 568px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 568px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone 6 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 667px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 667px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone 6+ ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 736px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 736px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
/* Samsung Galaxy S3 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
/* Samsung Galaxy S4 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}
/* Samsung Galaxy S5 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 360px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 360px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}

Extra small devices (phones, up to 480px)
Small devices (tablets, 768px and up)
Medium devices (big landscape tablets, laptops, and
desktops, 992px and up)
Large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up)
portrait e-readers (Nook/Kindle), smaller tablets - min-width:481px
portrait tablets, portrait iPad, landscape e-readers - min-width:641px
tablet, landscape iPad, lo-res laptops - min-width:961px
HTC One device-width: 360px device-height: 640px -webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3
Samsung Galaxy S2 device-width: 320px device-height: 534px -webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5 (min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5), (-o-min-device-pixel-ratio:
3/2), (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5
Samsung Galaxy S3 device-width: 320px device-height: 640px -webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2 (min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2), - Older Firefox browsers (prior to Firefox 16) -
Samsung Galaxy S4 device-width: 320px device-height: 640px -webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3
LG Nexus 4 device-width: 384px device-height: 592px -webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2
Asus Nexus 7 device-width: 601px device-height: 906px
-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.331) and (-webkit-max-device-pixel-ratio: 1.332)
iPad 1 and 2, iPad Mini device-width: 768px device-height: 1024px -webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1
iPad 3 and 4 device-width: 768px device-height: 1024px -webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
iPhone 3G device-width: 320px device-height: 480px -webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)
iPhone 4 device-width: 320px device-height: 480px -webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
iPhone 5 device-width: 320px device-height: 568px -webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)

This is only for those who haven't done 'mobile-first' design to their websites yet and looking for a quick temporary solution.
For Mobile Phones
#media (max-width:480px){}
For Tablets
#media (max-width:960px){}
For Laptops/Desktop
#media (min-width:1025px){}
For Hi-Res Laptops
#media (max-width:1280px){}

Nowadays the most common thing is to see retina-screen devices, in other words: devices with high resolutions and a very high pixel density (but usually smaller than 6 inches physical size). That's why you will need retina display specialized media-queries on your CSS. This is the most complete example I could find:
#media only screen and (min-width: 320px) {
/* Small screen, non-retina */
}
#media
only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 320px),
only screen and ( min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 320px),
only screen and ( -o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1) and (min-width: 320px),
only screen and ( min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 320px),
only screen and ( min-resolution: 192dpi) and (min-width: 320px),
only screen and ( min-resolution: 2dppx) and (min-width: 320px) {
/* Small screen, retina, stuff to override above media query */
}
#media only screen and (min-width: 700px) {
/* Medium screen, non-retina */
}
#media
only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 700px),
only screen and ( min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 700px),
only screen and ( -o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1) and (min-width: 700px),
only screen and ( min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 700px),
only screen and ( min-resolution: 192dpi) and (min-width: 700px),
only screen and ( min-resolution: 2dppx) and (min-width: 700px) {
/* Medium screen, retina, stuff to override above media query */
}
#media only screen and (min-width: 1300px) {
/* Large screen, non-retina */
}
#media
only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 1300px),
only screen and ( min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 1300px),
only screen and ( -o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1) and (min-width: 1300px),
only screen and ( min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (min-width: 1300px),
only screen and ( min-resolution: 192dpi) and (min-width: 1300px),
only screen and ( min-resolution: 2dppx) and (min-width: 1300px) {
/* Large screen, retina, stuff to override above media query */
}
Source: CSS-Tricks Website

It's not a matter of pixels count, it's a matter of actual size (in mm or inches) of characters on the screen, which depends on pixels density.
Hence "min-width:" and "max-width:" are useless.
A full explanation of this issue is here:
what exactly is device pixel ratio?
"#media" queries take into account the pixels count and the device pixel ratio, resulting in a "virtual resolution" which is what you have to actually take into account while designing your page: if your font is 10px fixed-width and the "virtual horizontal resolution" is 300 px, 30 characters will be needed to fill a line.

Since there are many varying screen sizes that always change and most likely will always change the best way to go is to base your break points and media queries on your design.
The easiest way to go about this is to grab your completed desktop design and open it in your web browser. Shrink the screen slowly to make it narrower. Observe to see when the design starts to, "break", or looks horrible and cramped. At this point a break point with a media query would be required.
It's common to create three sets of media queries for desktop, tablet and phone. But if your design looks good on all three, why bother with the complexity of adding three different media queries that are not necessary. Do it on an as-needed basis!

Nice and simple
/* Mobile Devices */
#media (max-width: 480px) {
foo > bar {
}
}
/* Low resolution Tablets and iPads */
#media (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 767px) {
foo > bar {
}
}
/* Tablets iPads (Portrait) */
#media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){
foo > bar {
}
}
/* Laptops and Desktops */
#media (min-width: 1025px) and (max-width: 1280px){
foo > bar {
}
}
/* Big boi Monitors */
#media (min-width: 1281px) {
foo > bar {
}
}

One extra feature is you can also use media-queries in the media attribute of the <link> tag.
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="justForFrint.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print">
<link href="deviceSizeDepending.css" rel="stylesheet" media="(min-width: 40em)">
With this, the browser will download all CSS resources, regardless of the media attribute.
The difference is that if the media-query of the media attribute is evaluated to false then that .css file and his content will not be render-blocking.
Therefore, it is recommended to use the media attribute in the <link> tag since it guarantees a better user experience.
Here you can read a Google article about this issue https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/critical-rendering-path/render-blocking-css
Some tools that will help you to automate the separation of your css code in different files according to your media-querys
Webpack
https://www.npmjs.com/package/media-query-plugin
https://www.npmjs.com/package/media-query-splitting-plugin
PostCSS
https://www.npmjs.com/package/postcss-extract-media-query

I am using following one to do my job.
/* Smartphones (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Smartphones (landscape) ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-width : 321px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Smartphones (portrait) ----------- */
#media only screen and (max-width : 320px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (landscape) ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (portrait) ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) {
/* Styles */
}
/**********
iPad 3
**********/
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Desktops and laptops ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-width : 1224px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Large screens ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-width : 1824px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone 4 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone 5 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 568px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 568px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone 6, 7, 8 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 667px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 667px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone 6+, 7+, 8+ ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 736px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 736px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone X ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 812px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 812px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone XS Max, XR ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 896px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 896px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}
/* Samsung Galaxy S3 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
/* Styles */
}
/* Samsung Galaxy S4 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}
/* Samsung Galaxy S5 ----------- */
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 360px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 360px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
/* Styles */
}

If you wanna create more specific media queries here is an example for IPhone which is copied from this link https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/media-queries-for-standard-devices/ and you can find media queries for more devices at this link )
/* ----------- iPhone 4 and 4S ----------- */
/* Portrait and Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 320px)
and (max-device-width: 480px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) {
}
/* Portrait */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 320px)
and (max-device-width: 480px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
and (orientation: portrait) {
}
/* Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 320px)
and (max-device-width: 480px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
and (orientation: landscape) {
}
/* ----------- iPhone 5, 5S, 5C and 5SE ----------- */
/* Portrait and Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 320px)
and (max-device-width: 568px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) {
}
/* Portrait */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 320px)
and (max-device-width: 568px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
and (orientation: portrait) {
}
/* Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 320px)
and (max-device-width: 568px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
and (orientation: landscape) {
}
/* ----------- iPhone 6, 6S, 7 and 8 ----------- */
/* Portrait and Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 375px)
and (max-device-width: 667px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) {
}
/* Portrait */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 375px)
and (max-device-width: 667px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
and (orientation: portrait) {
}
/* Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 375px)
and (max-device-width: 667px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2)
and (orientation: landscape) {
}
/* ----------- iPhone 6+, 7+ and 8+ ----------- */
/* Portrait and Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 414px)
and (max-device-width: 736px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) {
}
/* Portrait */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 414px)
and (max-device-width: 736px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3)
and (orientation: portrait) {
}
/* Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 414px)
and (max-device-width: 736px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3)
and (orientation: landscape) {
}
/* ----------- iPhone X ----------- */
/* Portrait and Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 375px)
and (max-device-width: 812px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) {
}
/* Portrait */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 375px)
and (max-device-width: 812px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3)
and (orientation: portrait) {
}
/* Landscape */
#media only screen
and (min-device-width: 375px)
and (max-device-width: 812px)
and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3)
and (orientation: landscape) {
}

Extra small devices ~ Phones (< 768px)
Small devices ~ Tablets (>= 768px)
Medium devices ~ Desktops (>= 992px)
Large devices ~ Desktops
(>= 1200px)

Best solution for me, detecting if a device is mobile or not:
#media (pointer:none), (pointer:coarse) {
}

The behavior does not change on desktop. But on tablets and mobiles, I expand the navbar to cover the big logo image. Note: Use the margin (top and bottom) as much as you need for your logo height.
For my case, 60px top and bottom worked perfectly!
#media (max-width:768px) {
.navbar-toggle {
margin: 60px 0;
}
}
Check the navbar here.

$xs : "extra-small";
$s : "small";
$m : "medium";
$l : "large";
$xl : "extra-large";
#mixin respond($breakpoint) {
#if($breakpoint == $xs) {
#media only screen and (min-width: 320px) and (max-width: 479px) { #content; }
}
#if($breakpoint == $s) {
#media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px) { #content; }
}
#if($breakpoint == $m) {
#media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) { #content; }
}
#if($breakpoint == $l) {
#media only screen and (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199px) { #content; }
}
#if($breakpoint == $xl) {
#media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) { #content; }
}
}
you can also add one more for for sceen smaller then 320px like Galaxy fold

It's not just about resolution, you also need to find DPR of the device:
whatismyscreenresolution
"Device Pixel Ratio(DPR) is a number given by device manufacturers and it's used for HiDPI(High Dots Per Inch) or Retina(Apple's trademark) displays"
Media query example: (min-resolution: 3.0dppx)

There is a way to simplify all of this:
<500px: 's' Vertical Phones
>500px: 'l' Desktop, TV, Tablets, Phones in Horizontal mode
Note: The reason I picked 500 is because the smallest you can change the width of the desktop window is 500, thus anything bigger is desktop and aything smaller will be vertical mobile.
You can design your website only using these breakpoints since there will always be an overlap between Desktop, TV, Tablets and horizontal phones. If your design looks good on a small desktop (Example: 600px) then it would also look good on the rest of the devices.
1 more breakpoint can be added so that small desktop and tablets have a better design with more space:
<500px: 's' Vertical Phone
500px - 1200px: 'm' Small Desktop, Tablets, Horizontal Phones
>1200px: 'l' Large Desktop, Horizontal Tablets
The media queries:
/*<500px S*/
#media only screen and (max-width: 499px) { }
/*500-1200 M*/
#media only screen and (min-width: 500px) and (max-width: 1199px) { }
/*>1200px L*/
#media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) { }

#media (max-width: 767px) {
.container{width:100%} *{color:green;}-Mobile
}
#media (min-width: 768px) {
.container{width:100%} *{color:pink } -Desktop
}
#media (min-width: 768px) and (orientation:portrait) {
.container{width:100%} *{color:yellow } -Mobile
}
#media (min-width: 1024px) {
.container{width:100%} *{color:pink } -Desktop
}
#media (min-width: 1200px) {
.container{width:1180px} *{color:pink } -Desktop
}

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