I've been trying to setup varnish cache on my server for a good hour now but I can't seem to figure out why I'm getting this error:
$ sudo varnishd -C -f /etc/default/varnish
Error:
Message from VCC-compiler:
Unterminated string at
('/etc/default/varnish' Line 21 Pos 13)
DAEMON_OPTS="-a :6081 \
------------###########
Running VCC-compiler failed, exited with 2
VCL compilation failed
I'm using the default configuration from a clean install of varnish. Here's my full /etc/default/varnish:
# Should we start varnishd at boot? Set to "no" to disable.
START=yes
# Maximum number of open files (for ulimit -n)
NFILES=131072
# Maximum locked memory size (for ulimit -l)
# Used for locking the shared memory log in memory. If you increase log size,
# you need to increase this number as well
MEMLOCK=82000
DAEMON_OPTS="-a :6081 \
-T localhost:6082 \
-f /etc/varnish/default.vcl \
-S /etc/varnish/secret \
-s malloc,256m"
Any help would be greatly appreciated! If you need more details, let me know.
varnishd -C is used to compile (as in C language compile) a vcl file. You only compile vcl files not the config file. Your file does not have to specifically end with a .vcl extension but it does have to be in vcl syntax:
Varnish VCL documentation
Related
Please we're facing some issues when installing Varnish 6.0.8 on ubutnu 18.04.6 OS, it doesn't create the secret file inside the /etc/varnish dir as shown below:
enter image description here
we use the following script to for installation :
curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/varnishcache/varnish60lts/script.deb.sh | sudo bash
can someone please help ?
PS: we tried to install later versions (6.6 and 7.0.0) and we got the same issue.
Form a security point of view, remote CLI access is not enabled by default. You can see this when looking at /lib/systemd/system/varnish.service:
[Unit]
Description=Varnish Cache, a high-performance HTTP accelerator
After=network-online.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=forking
KillMode=process
# Maximum number of open files (for ulimit -n)
LimitNOFILE=131072
# Locked shared memory - should suffice to lock the shared memory log
# (varnishd -l argument)
# Default log size is 80MB vsl + 1M vsm + header -> 82MB
# unit is bytes
LimitMEMLOCK=85983232
# Enable this to avoid "fork failed" on reload.
TasksMax=infinity
# Maximum size of the corefile.
LimitCORE=infinity
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/varnishd \
-a :6081 \
-a localhost:8443,PROXY \
-p feature=+http2 \
-f /etc/varnish/default.vcl \
-s malloc,256m
ExecReload=/usr/sbin/varnishreload
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
There are no -T and -S parameters in the standard systemd configuration. However, you can enable this by modifying the systemd configuration yourself.
Just run sudo systemctl edit --full varnish to edit the runtime configuration and add a -T parameter to enable remote CLI access.
Be careful with this and make sure you restrict access to this endpoint via firewalling rules.
Additionally you'll add -S /etc/varnish/secret as a varnishd runtime parameter in /lib/systemd/system/varnish.service.
You can use the following command to add a random unique value to the secret file:
uuidgen | sudo tee /etc/varnish/secret
This is what your runtime parameters would look like:
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/varnishd \
-a :6081 \
-a localhost:8443,PROXY \
-p feature=+http2 \
-f /etc/varnish/default.vcl \
-s malloc,2g \
-S /etc/varnish/secret \
-T :6082
When you're done just run the following command to restart Varnish:
sudo systemctl restart varnish
In Ubuntu 20.04:
I have openresty installed and it is running well.
It uses the default /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.
I want to instead use a new custom nginx.conf file in ~/conf/nginx.conf.
How can I ask openresty to run on this new conf file?
Just found the answer:
ubuntu#john:~$ openresty -help
nginx version: openresty/1.19.9.1
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-p prefix]
[-e filename] [-c filename] [-g directives]
Options:
-?,-h : this help
-v : show version and exit
-V : show version and configure options then exit
-t : test configuration and exit
-T : test configuration, dump it and exit
-q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
-s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
-p prefix : set prefix path (default: /usr/local/openresty/nginx/)
-e filename : set error log file (default: logs/error.log)
-c filename : set configuration file (default: conf/nginx.conf)
-g directives : set global directives out of configuration file
use
openresty -c filename
I am using backintime for backup which in turn uses rsync to make snapshots.
Most filesystems on the computer are XFS, including the rsync target,
system is Ubuntu 20.04 with rsync version 3.1.3 protocol version 31.
I get an exit code 2 from rsync which is Protocol incompatibility,
and some digging shows this happens if you are running rsync across some (ssh) connection
between two computers with different rsync versions, or login scripts injecting some unexpected output into the ssh connection. None of that is the case here, this is all local,
see below for the command line.
=> Anymore insights into this rsync error ? How can a local Protocol incompatibility happen
if there is just one /usr/bin/rsync ?
Yours,
Steffen
The local USB disk mounted as
type xfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,attr2,inode64,logbufs=8,logbsize=32k,noquota,uhelper=udisks2)
INFO: Call rsync to take the snapshot
QStandardPaths: XDG_RUNTIME_DIR not set, defaulting to '/tmp/runtime-root'
WARNING: Command "rsync --recursive --times --devices --specials --hard-links --human-readable \
--links --acls --xattrs --perms --executability --group --owner --info=progress2 \
--no-inc-recursive --delete --delete-excluded -v -i \
--out-format=BACKINTIME: %i %n%L --link-dest=../../20210301-082432-781/backup \
--chmod=Du+wx --exclude=/media/sneumann/LinuxBackup/msbi-corei \
--exclude=/root/.local/share/backintime --exclude=.local/share/backintime/mnt \
--exclude=.gvfs --exclude=.cache* --exclude=[Cc]ache* --exclude=.thumbnails* \
--exclude=[Tt]rash* --exclude=*.backup* --exclude=*~ \
--exclude=/home/sneumann/Ubuntu One --exclude=.dropbox* --exclude=/proc/* \
--exclude=/sys/* --exclude=/dev/* --exclude=/run/* --exclude=/media \
--exclude=/root/.local/share/backintime/takesnapshot_.log \
--exclude=/root/.local/share/backintime --include=/ --include=/** \
--exclude=* / /media/sneumann/LinuxBackup/msbi-corei/backintime/msbi-corei/root/1/new_snapshot/backup"
returns 2
I had been using a proxy for a long time. Now I need to remove it. I have forgotten how I have added the proxy to wget. Can someone please help me get back to the normal wget where it doesn't use any proxy. As of now, I'm using
wget <link> --proxy=none
But I'm facing a problem when I'm installing using a pre-written script. It's painstaking to search all through the scripts and change each command.
Any simpler solution will be very much appreciated.
Thanks
Check your
~/.wgetrc
/etc/wgetrc
and remove proxy settings.
Or use wget --no-proxy command line option to override them.
In case your OS is alpine/busybox then the wget might vary from the one used by #Logu.
There the correct command is
wget --proxy off http://server:port/
Running wget --help outputs:
/ # wget --help
BusyBox v1.31.1 () multi-call binary.
Usage: wget [-c|--continue] [--spider] [-q|--quiet] [-O|--output-document FILE]
[-o|--output-file FILE] [--header 'header: value'] [-Y|--proxy on/off]
[-P DIR] [-S|--server-response] [-U|--user-agent AGENT] [-T SEC] URL...
Retrieve files via HTTP or FTP
--spider Only check URL existence: $? is 0 if exists
-c Continue retrieval of aborted transfer
-q Quiet
-P DIR Save to DIR (default .)
-S Show server response
-T SEC Network read timeout is SEC seconds
-O FILE Save to FILE ('-' for stdout)
-o FILE Log messages to FILE
-U STR Use STR for User-Agent header
-Y on/off Use proxy
I'm trying to figure out how to install Pear on my Mac (10.6.6).
Not understanding what they're telling me at pear.php.net, I got some code from http://clickontyler.com/blog/2008/01/how-to-install-pear-in-mac-os-x-leopard/
First, I entered curl http://pear.php.net/go-pear > go-pear.php in my terminal.
It resulted in this output
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 88004 100 88004 0 0 47537 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 59744
What does that all mean? Am I on the right track?
Next, I entered sudo php -q go-pear.php
and it gave me the long output below. In short I have no idea where I am in the installation process. However, I'm pretty sure that I'm not where I'm supposed to be at following the tutorial at http://clickontyler.com/blog/2008/01/how-to-install-pear-in-mac-os-x-leopard/
because the tutorial tells me to select all the default choices, and I don't see any options to select.
The next line of code is asking me to modify the php.ini files and it requires a password so I'm worried about doing it...Can anyone tell me if I'm on the right track?
sudo cp /etc/php.ini.default /etc/php.ini
Usage: php [options] [-f] <file> [--] [args...]
php [options] -r <code> [--] [args...]
php [options] [-B <begin_code>] -R <code> [-E <end_code>] [--] [args...]
php [options] [-B <begin_code>] -F <file> [-E <end_code>] [--] [args...]
php [options] -- [args...]
php [options] -a
-a Run interactively
-c <path>|<file> Look for php.ini file in this directory
-n No php.ini file will be used
-d foo[=bar] Define INI entry foo with value 'bar'
-e Generate extended information for debugger/profiler
-f <file> Parse and execute <file>.
-h This help
-i PHP information
-l Syntax check only (lint)
-m Show compiled in modules
-r <code> Run PHP <code> without using script tags <?..?>
-B <begin_code> Run PHP <begin_code> before processing input lines
-R <code> Run PHP <code> for every input line
-F <file> Parse and execute <file> for every input line
-E <end_code> Run PHP <end_code> after processing all input lines
-H Hide any passed arguments from external tools.
-s Output HTML syntax highlighted source.
-v Version number
-w Output source with stripped comments and whitespace.
-z <file> Load Zend extension <file>.
args... Arguments passed to script. Use -- args when first argument
starts with - or script is read from stdin
--ini Show configuration file names
--rf <name> Show information about function <name>.
--rc <name> Show information about class <name>.
--re <name> Show information about extension <name>.
--ri <name> Show configuration for extension <name>.
php does not have an argument -q. Its also mentioned in go-pear.php (http://pear.php.net/go-pear) itself, but I dont know, what it wants to tell me. However, try
sudo php go-pear.php
and then follow the instructions.
Update:
-q was used, to start the interpreter in "quiet" mode. It seems, that this option does not exists anymore, because php always starts "quiet", but it should not cause an error, anyway. Now make sure you are in the same directory as the file go-pear.php before you call php go-pear.php.
The first part shows that you successfully downloaded the file to go-pear.php.
The second part is showing that -q isn't a valid option. The third part is asking for the root password, since you're doing 'sudo'.
I used this, though I wasn't installing on Mac:
Getting and installing the PEAR package manager