How to make left join in dql Symfony - symfony

Question

I would like to understand dql logic and i would like to create this kind of request.
Bellow this is the SQL request i would like to do :
SELECT titlemission,descriptionmission,onsetdate,deadline,budgetmission,prioritymission,company FROM mission
left join mission_tag mt on mission.id = mt.mission_id
left join tag on mt.tag_id = tag.id
left join user on user.id = mission.iduser_id
where nomtag = "test20";
I read a lot of documentation but no one explain exatly how to use this QueryBuilder.
Symfony documentation is too abstract for me.
I only know that you have to forget the way you edit the sql request and think in object and entity relation. But i don't know how to do that.
This is my entity Tag
<?php
namespace App\Entity;
use App\Repository\TagRepository;
use Doctrine\Common\Collections\ArrayCollection;
use Doctrine\Common\Collections\Collection;
use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM;
use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints as Assert;
#[ORM\Entity(repositoryClass: TagRepository::class)]
class Tag
{
#[ORM\Id]
#[ORM\GeneratedValue]
#[ORM\Column]
private ?int $id = null;
#[ORM\Column(length: 100)]
#[Assert\NotBlank]
#[Assert\Length(min:2)]
#[Assert\Valid]
private ?string $nomtag = null;
#[ORM\ManyToMany(targetEntity: Mission::class, mappedBy: 'tags', cascade: ['persist'])]
#[ORM\JoinTable(name: 'mission_tag')]
#[ORM\JoinColumn(name: 'tag_id',referencedColumnName: 'id')]
#[ORM\InverseJoinColumn(name:'mission_id', referencedColumnName: 'id')] // Mission_id est couplé à l'id de mission
private Collection $missions;
public function __construct()
{
$this->missions = new ArrayCollection();
}
// #[ORM\ManyToMany(targetEntity: Mission::class, inversedBy:"$idtagmissionassign")]
// private $genusScientists;
public function getId(): ?int
{
return $this->id;
}
public function getNomtag(): ?string
{
return $this->nomtag;
}
public function setNomtag(string $nomtag): self
{
$this->nomtag = $nomtag;
return $this;
}
/**
* #return Collection<int, Mission>
*/
public function getMissions(): Collection
{
return $this->missionstag;
}
public function addMission(Mission $missions): self
{
if (!$this->missions->contains($missions)) {
$this->missions->add($missions);
$missions->addTag($this);
}
return $this;
}
public function removeMission(Mission $missions): self
{
if ($this->missions->removeElement($missions)) {
$missions->removeTag($this);
}
return $this;
}
public function __toString(): string
{
return $this->nomtag;
}
}
This is my entity user :
<?php
namespace App\Entity;
use App\Repository\UserRepository;
use Doctrine\Common\Collections\ArrayCollection;
use Doctrine\Common\Collections\Collection;
use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM;
use Symfony\Bridge\Doctrine\Validator\Constraints\UniqueEntity;
use Symfony\Component\Security\Core\User\PasswordAuthenticatedUserInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Security\Core\User\UserInterface;
#[ORM\Entity(repositoryClass: UserRepository::class)]
#[ORM\Table(name: 'user')]
#[UniqueEntity(fields: ['email'], message: 'Un compte existe déjà avec cette adresse email')]
class User implements UserInterface, PasswordAuthenticatedUserInterface
{
#[ORM\Id]
#[ORM\GeneratedValue]
#[ORM\Column]
private ?int $id = null;
#[ORM\Column(length: 180, unique: true)]
private ?string $email = null;
#[ORM\Column]
private array $roles = [];
/**
* #var string The hashed password
*/
#[ORM\Column]
private ?string $password = null;
#[ORM\Column(length: 100)]
private ?string $name = null;
#[ORM\Column(length: 100)]
private ?string $firstname = null;
#[ORM\Column(length: 150)]
private ?string $company = null;
#[ORM\Column(type: 'boolean')]
private $isVerified = false;
#[ORM\Column(length: 255)]
private ?string $companyadress = null;
#[ORM\OneToMany(mappedBy: 'iduser', targetEntity: Mission::class)]
private Collection $missions;
#[ORM\OneToMany(mappedBy: 'iduser', targetEntity: Service::class)]
private Collection $services;
#[ORM\ManyToMany(targetEntity: Service::class, mappedBy: 'idserviceassign')]
private Collection $servicesassign;
#[ORM\ManyToMany(targetEntity: Mission::class, mappedBy: 'idmissionassign')]
#[ORM\JoinTable(name: 'mission_user')]
#[ORM\JoinColumn(name: 'user_id',referencedColumnName: 'id')]
#[ORM\InverseJoinColumn(name:'mission_id', referencedColumnName: 'id')]
private Collection $missionsassign;
public function __construct()
{
$this->missions = new ArrayCollection();
$this->services = new ArrayCollection();
$this->servicesassign = new ArrayCollection();
$this->missionsassign = new ArrayCollection();
}
public function getId(): ?int
{
return $this->id;
}
public function getEmail(): ?string
{
return $this->email;
}
public function setEmail(string $email): self
{
$this->email = $email;
return $this;
}
/**
* A visual identifier that represents this user.
*
* #see UserInterface
*/
public function getUserIdentifier(): string
{
return (string) $this->email;
}
/**
* #see UserInterface
*/
public function getRoles(): array
{
$roles = $this->roles;
// guarantee every user at least has ROLE_USER
$roles[] = 'USER_DISCOVER';
return array_unique($roles);
}
public function setRoles(array $roles): self
{
$this->roles = $roles;
return $this;
}
/**
* #see PasswordAuthenticatedUserInterface
*/
public function getPassword(): string
{
return $this->password;
}
public function setPassword(string $password): self
{
$this->password = $password;
return $this;
}
/**
* #see UserInterface
*/
public function eraseCredentials()
{
// If you store any temporary, sensitive data on the user, clear it here
// $this->plainPassword = null;
}
public function getName(): ?string
{
return $this->name;
}
public function setName(string $name): self
{
$this->name = $name;
return $this;
}
public function getFirstname(): ?string
{
return $this->firstname;
}
public function setFirstname(string $firstname): self
{
$this->firstname = $firstname;
return $this;
}
public function getCompany(): ?string
{
return $this->company;
}
public function setCompany(string $company): self
{
$this->company = $company;
return $this;
}
public function isVerified(): bool
{
return $this->isVerified;
}
public function setIsVerified(bool $isVerified): self
{
$this->isVerified = $isVerified;
return $this;
}
public function getCompanyadress(): ?string
{
return $this->companyadress;
}
public function setCompanyadress(string $companyadress): self
{
$this->companyadress = $companyadress;
return $this;
}
public function __toString(){
return $this->name;
}
/**
* #return Collection<int, Mission>
*/
public function getMissions(): Collection
{
return $this->missions;
}
public function addMission(Mission $missions): self
{
if (!$this->missions->contains($missions)) {
$this->missions->add($missions);
$missions->setIduser($this);
}
return $this;
}
public function removeMission(Mission $missions): self
{
if ($this->missions->removeElement($missions)) {
// set the owning side to null (unless already changed)
if ($missions->getIduser() === $this) {
$missions->setIduser(null);
}
}
return $this;
}
/**
* #return Collection<int, Service>
*/
public function getServices(): Collection
{
return $this->services;
}
public function addService(Service $service): self
{
if (!$this->services->contains($service)) {
$this->services->add($service);
$service->setIduser($this);
}
return $this;
}
public function removeService(Service $service): self
{
if ($this->services->removeElement($service)) {
// set the owning side to null (unless already changed)
if ($service->getIduser() === $this) {
$service->setIduser(null);
}
}
return $this;
}
/**
* #return Collection<int, Service>
*/
public function getServicesassign(): Collection
{
return $this->servicesassign;
}
public function addServicesassign(Service $servicesassign): self
{
if (!$this->servicesassign->contains($servicesassign)) {
$this->servicesassign->add($servicesassign);
$servicesassign->addIdserviceassign($this);
}
return $this;
}
public function removeServicesassign(Service $servicesassign): self
{
if ($this->servicesassign->removeElement($servicesassign)) {
$servicesassign->removeIdserviceassign($this);
}
return $this;
}
/**
* #return Collection<int, Mission>
*/
public function getMissionsassign(): Collection
{
return $this->missionsassign;
}
public function addMissionsassign(Mission $missionsassign): self
{
if (!$this->missionsassign->contains($missionsassign)) {
$this->missionsassign->add($missionsassign);
$missionsassign->addIdmissionassign($this);
}
return $this;
}
public function removeMissionsassign(Mission $missionsassign): self
{
if ($this->missionsassign->removeElement($missionsassign)) {
$missionsassign->removeIdmissionassign($this);
}
return $this;
}
}
And this is my entity Mission
<?php
namespace App\Entity;
use App\Repository\MissionRepository;
use Doctrine\Common\Collections\ArrayCollection;
use Doctrine\Common\Collections\Collection;
use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Types;
use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM;
#[ORM\Entity(repositoryClass: MissionRepository::class)]
#[ORM\Table(name: 'mission')]
class Mission
{
#[ORM\Id]
#[ORM\GeneratedValue]
#[ORM\Column]
private ?int $id = null;
#[ORM\Column(length: 255)]
private ?string $titlemission = null;
#[ORM\Column(length: 255)]
private ?string $descriptionmission = null;
#[ORM\Column(type: Types::DATETIME_MUTABLE)]
private ?\DateTimeInterface $onsetdate = null;
#[ORM\Column(type: Types::DATETIME_MUTABLE)]
private ?\DateTimeInterface $deadline = null;
#[ORM\Column]
private ?int $budgetmission = null;
/*#[ORM\Column(length: 255)]
private ?string $codeapemission = null;*/
#[ORM\Column(length: 255)]
private ?string $prioritymission = null;
#[ORM\ManyToMany(targetEntity: Tag::class, inversedBy: 'missions', cascade: ['persist'])]
#[ORM\JoinTable(name: 'mission_tag')]
#[ORM\JoinColumn(name: 'mission_id',referencedColumnName: 'id')]
#[ORM\InverseJoinColumn(name:'tag_id', referencedColumnName: 'id')] //tag_id qui est couplé avec id de tag
private Collection $tags;
#[ORM\ManyToOne(targetEntity: User::class, inversedBy: 'missions', cascade: ['persist'], fetch:"EAGER")]
#[ORM\JoinColumn(nullable: false)]
private User $iduser;
#[ORM\ManyToMany(targetEntity: User::class, inversedBy: 'missionsassign')]
#[ORM\JoinTable(name: 'mission_user')]
#[ORM\JoinColumn(name: 'mission_id',referencedColumnName: 'id')]
#[ORM\InverseJoinColumn(name:'user_id', referencedColumnName: 'id')]
private Collection $idmissionassign;
#[ORM\Column(length: 100)]
private ?string $remote = null;
#[ORM\Column(type: Types::DATETIME_MUTABLE)]
private ?\DateTimeInterface $datecreation = null;
public function __construct()
{
$this->tags = new ArrayCollection();
$this->idmissionassign = new ArrayCollection();
}
public function getId(): ?int
{
return $this->id;
}
public function getTitlemission(): ?string
{
return $this->titlemission;
}
public function setTitlemission(string $titlemission): self
{
$this->titlemission = $titlemission;
return $this;
}
public function getDescriptionmission(): ?string
{
return $this->descriptionmission;
}
public function setDescriptionmission(string $descriptionmission): self
{
$this->descriptionmission = $descriptionmission;
return $this;
}
public function getOnsetdate(): ?\DateTimeInterface
{
return $this->onsetdate;
}
public function setOnsetdate(\DateTimeInterface $onsetdate): self
{
$this->onsetdate = $onsetdate;
return $this;
}
public function getDeadline(): ?\DateTimeInterface
{
return $this->deadline;
}
public function setDeadline(\DateTimeInterface $deadline): self
{
$this->deadline = $deadline;
return $this;
}
public function getBudgetmission(): ?int
{
return $this->budgetmission;
}
public function setBudgetmission(int $budgetmission): self
{
$this->budgetmission = $budgetmission;
return $this;
}
/*public function getCodeapemission(): ?string
{
return $this->codeapemission;
}
public function setCodeapemission(string $codeapemission): self
{
$this->codeapemission = $codeapemission;
return $this;
}*/
public function getPrioritymission(): ?string
{
return $this->prioritymission;
}
public function setPrioritymission(string $prioritymission): self
{
$this->prioritymission = $prioritymission;
return $this;
}
/**
* #return Collection<int, tag>
*/
public function getIdtagmissionassign(): Collection
{
return $this->tags;
}
public function addIdtagmissionassign(tag $tags): self
{
if (!$this->tags->contains($tags)) {
$this->tags->add($tags);
}
return $this;
}
public function removeIdtagmissionassign(tag $tags): self
{
$this->tags->removeElement($tags);
return $this;
}
public function getIduser(): ?user
{
return $this->iduser;
}
public function setIduser(?user $iduser): self
{
$this->iduser = $iduser;
return $this;
}
/**
* #return Collection<int, user>
*/
public function getIdmissionassign(): Collection
{
return $this->idmissionassign;
}
public function addIdmissionassign(user $idmissionassign): self
{
if (!$this->idmissionassign->contains($idmissionassign)) {
$this->idmissionassign->add($idmissionassign);
}
return $this;
}
public function removeIdmissionassign(user $idmissionassign): self
{
$this->idmissionassign->removeElement($idmissionassign);
return $this;
}
public function getRemote(): ?string
{
return $this->remote;
}
public function setRemote(string $remote): self
{
$this->remote = $remote;
return $this;
}
public function __toString(){
return $this->titlemission;
}
public function getDatecreation(): ?\DateTimeInterface
{
return $this->datecreation;
}
public function setDatecreation(\DateTimeInterface $datecreation): self
{
$this->datecreation = $datecreation;
return $this;
}
}
This is my DQL request but i use Querybuilder without understand the concept. Could you help me ?
public function selectMissionWhereTag($tag){
return $this->createQueryBuilder('mi')
->select('mi.titlemission','mi.descriptionmission','mi.onsetdate','mi.deadline','mi.budgetmission','mi.prioritymission')
->leftJoin(User::class,'user', 'WITH', 'mi.iduser_id = user.id')
->leftJoin(Tag::class,'tag', 'WITH' , 'mi.tags = tag.id')
->where('tag.nomtag = :nomtag')
->setParameter('nomtag',$tag)
->getQuery()
->getResult();
}
Many thanks :)

Answer 1

To better understand how the QueryBuilder works I would recommend reading through how Doctrine ORM Mapping works first: Basic Mapping and Association Mapping
QueryBuilder's Joins use this mapping in a way that looks pretty similar to how you would do things with getters in your PHP code.
For example in a controller to get the tags of a mission you would do something like $tags = $mission->getTags(); well in QueryBuilder you simply do ->leftJoin('mi.tags', 'tag') and that's it. You don't have to worry about WITH unless you need extra conditions.
As you might have guessed there is a lot more to it but this should be enough to get you going.