I've seen a lot of similar questions, but I wasn't able to get the desired output.
I have a string means_variab_textimput_x2_200.txt and I want to catch ONLY what is between the third and fourth underscores: textimput
I'm using R, stringr, I've tried many things, but none solved the issue:
my_string <- "means_variab_textimput_x2_200.txt"
str_extract(my_string, '[_]*[^_]*[_]*[^_]*[_]*[^_]*')
"means_variab_textimput"
str_extract(my_string, '^(?:([^_]+)_){4}')
"means_variab_textimput_x2_"
str_extract(my_string, '[_]*[^_]*[_]*[^_]*[_]*[^_]*\\.') ## the closer I got was this
"_textimput_x2_200."
Any ideas? Ps: I'm VERY new to Regex, so details would be much appreciated :)
additional question: can I also get only a "part" of the word? let's say, instead of textimput only text but without counting the words? It would be good to know both possibilities
this this one this one were helpful, but I couldn't get the final expected results. Thanks in advance.
stringr uses ICU based regular expressions. Therefore, an option would be to use regex lookarounds, but here the length is not fixed, thus (?<= wouldn't work. Another option is to either remove the substrings with str_remove or use str_replace to match and capture the third word which doesn't have the _ ([^_]+) and replace with the backreference (\\1) of the captured word
library(stringr)
str_replace(my_string, "^[^_]+_[^_]+_([^_]+)_.*", "\\1")
[1] "textimput"
If we need only the substring
str_replace(my_string, "^[^_]+_[^_]+_([^_]{4}).*", "\\1")
[1] "text"
In base R, it is easier with strsplit and get the third word with indexing
strsplit(my_string, "_")[[1]][3]
# [1] "textimput"
Or use perl = TRUE in regexpr
regmatches(my_string, regexpr("^([^_]+_){2}\\K[^_]+", my_string, perl = TRUE))
# [1] "textimput"
For the substring
regmatches(my_string, regexpr("^([^_]+_){2}\\K[^_]{4}", my_string, perl = TRUE))
[1] "text"
Following up on question asked in comment about restricting the size of the extracted word, this can easily be achieved using quantification. If, for example, you want to extract only the first 4 letters:
sub("[^_]+_[^_]+_([^_]{4}).*$", "\\1", my_string)
[1] "text"
Related
I am trying to add a - between letter S and any number in a column of a data frame. So, this is an example:
VariableA
TRS34
MMH22
GFSR104
GS23
RRTM55
P3
S4
My desired output is:
VariableA
TRS-34
MMH22
GFSR104
GS-23
RRTM55
P3
S-4
I was trying yo use gsub:
gsub('^([a-z])-([0-9]+)$','\\1d\\2',myDF$VariableA)
but this is not working.
How can I solve this?
Thanks!
Your ^([a-z])-([0-9]+)$ regex attempts to match strings that start with a letter, then have a - and then one or more digits. This can't work as there are no hyphens in the strings, you want to introduce it into the strings.
You can use
gsub('(S)([0-9])', '\\1-\\2', myDF$VariableA)
The (S)([0-9]) regex matches and captures S into Group 1 (\1) and then any digit is captured into Group 2 (\2) and the replacement pattern is a concatenation of group values with a hyphen in between.
If there is only one substitution expected, replace gsub with sub.
See the regex demo and the online R demo.
Other variations:
gsub('(S)(\\d)', '\\1-\\2', myDF$VariableA) # \d also matches digits
gsub('(?<=S)(?=\\d)', '-', myDF$VariableA, perl=TRUE) # Lookarounds make backreferences redundant
Here is the version I like using sub:
myDF$VariableA <- gsub('S(\\d)', 'S-\\1', myDF$VariableA)
This requires using only one capture group.
Using stringr package
library(stringr)
str_replace_all(myDF$VariableA, 'S(\\d)', 'S-\\1')
You could also use lookbehinds if you set perl=TRUE:
> gsub('(?<=S)([0-9]+)', '-\\1', myDF$VariableA, perl=TRUE)
[1] "TRS-34" "MMH22" "GFSR104" "GS-23" "RRTM55" "P3" "S-4"
>
I have a column of texts look like below:
str1 = "ABCID 123456789 is what I'm looking for, could you help me to check this Item's status?"
I want to use gsub function in R to extract "ABCID 123456789" from there. The number might change with different numbers, but ABCID is a constant. Can someone know the solution with that please? Thanks very much!
We can use str_extract to select the fixed word followed by space and one or more numbers (\\d+)
library(stringr)
str_extract(df1$col1, "ABCID \\d+")
If there are multiple instances, use str_extract_all
str_extract_all(df1$col1, "ABCID \\d+")
NOTE: The OP states that to extract "ABCID 123456789" from there
If the number has constant length (9) you could you use positive lookbehind:
sub("(?<=ABCID \\d{9}).*", "", str1, perl = TRUE)
# [1] "ABCID 123456789"
Match the beginning of string (^) leading letters (ABCID), a space, digits (\d+) and everything else (.*) and replace it all with the captured portion, i.e. the portion within parentheses. Note that we want to use sub, not gsub, here because there is only one substitution.
sub("^(ABCID \\d+).*", "\\1", str1)
## [1] "ABCID 123456789"
I need to extract number that comes after "&r=" in the below link.
http://asdf.com/product/eyewear/eyeglasses?Brand[]=Allen%20Solly&r=472020&ck-source=google-adwords&ck-campaign=eyeglasses-cat-brand-broad&ck-adgroup=eyeglasses-dersdc-cat-brand-broad&keyword={keyword}&matchtype={matchtype}&network={network}&creative={creative}&adposition={adposition}
Here's what i tried
C has my link stored in.
sub(".*&r=", "",c)
"472020&ck-source=google-adwords&ck-campaign=eyeglasses-cat-brand-broad&ck-adgroup=eyeglasses-dersdc-cat-brand-broad&keyword={keyword}&matchtype={matchtype}&network={network}&creative={creative}&adposition={adposition}"
This only gives me whole after part of the string .
I only need the number i.e 472020 .
Any idea?
Here is how to get it using sub
sub(".*=(\\d+)&.*", "\\1", z)
#[1] "472020"
or
as.integer(sub(".*=(\\d+)&.*", "\\1", z))
#[1] 472020
For completeness sake, here it is with the base R regmatches/regexpr combo:
regmatches(z, regexpr("(?<=\\&r\\=)\\d+",z,perl=TRUE))
It uses the same Perl-flavoured regex as #akrun's stringr version. regexpr (or gregexpr if several matches of the same pattern are expected in the same string) matches the pattern, while regmatches extracts it (it is vectorized so several strings can be matched/extracted at once).
> as.integer(regmatches(z,regexpr("(?<=\\&r\\=)\\d+",z,perl=TRUE)))
#[1] 472020
We can use str_extract
library(stringr)
as.numeric(str_extract(z, "(?<=\\&r\\=)\\d+"))
#[1] 472020
If there are several matches use str_extract_all in place of str_extract
I have a string list as below:
df = read.table(text="AC1=60;AD=393,115;AF1=0.318816;BQB=0.508823;DP=1016;DP4=393
AC1=190;AD=2,747;AF1=1;BQB=0.0722892;DP=749;DP4=2,0,747,0;FQ=-43.6844
AC1=150;AD=1,5;AF1=0.787353;DP=6;DP4=1,0,5,0;VDB=0.00215942
AC1=47;AD=660,182;AF1=0.24862;BQB=0.680047;DP=1684;DP4=660,0,182,0
AC1=47;AD=659,183;AF1=0.248425;DP=842;DP4=0,659,0,183;FQ=999
AC1=78;AD=23,17;AF1=0.408247;BQB=1;DP=40;DP4=23,0,17,0", header=FALSE, stringsAsFactors=F)
each element is separated by ";". I would like to extract out only "DP=[0-9]" part. The result is expected as:
DP=1016
DP=749
DP=6
DP=1684
DP=842
DP=40
I appreciate any helps.
In base:
gsub(".*((?<=;)DP=[^;]+(?=;)).*", "\\1", df$V1, perl=TRUE)
#[1] "DP=1016" "DP=749" "DP=6" "DP=842" "DP=1684" "DP=40"
I was surprised when the resident genius on regex suggested the use packages for text extraction. sub and gsub can get unruly when pulling out a specific string:
library(stringr)
str_extract_all(df$V1, "(?<=;)DP=[^;]+(?=;)")
Here is one regular expression that will work
gsub(".*;(DP=[0-9.]+);.*$", "\\1", df$V1)
If it's the case that the "DP=" substring contains multiple entries separated by commas, as do substrings like "DP4= " in some cases in the example data, then as #pierre-lafortune notes in the comments below, and in his answer, you might be better off with the [^;] character class:
gsub(".*;(DP=[^;]+);.*$", "\\1", df$V1)
Of course, you could just add the comma to the character class,
gsub(".*;(DP=[0-9.,]+);.*$", "\\1", df$V1)
but there may be other characters you want to keep as well. So [^;] would be the most inclusive approach.
How to selectively remove characters from a string following a pattern?
I wish to remove the 7 figures and the preceding colon.
For example:
"((Northern_b:0.005926,Tropical_b:0.000000)N19:0.002950"
should become
"((Northern_b,Tropical_b)N19"
x <- "((Northern_b:0.005926,Tropical_b:0.000000)N19:0.002950"
gsub("[:]\\d{1}[.]\\d{6}", "", x)
The gsub function does string replacement and replaces all matched found in the string (see ?gsub). An alternative, if you want something with a more friendly names is str_replace_all from the stringr package.
The regular expression makes use of the \\d{n} search, which looks for digits. The integer indicates the number of digits to look for. So \\d{1} looks for a set of digits with length 1. \\d{6} looks for a set of digits of length 6.
gsub('[:][0-9.]+','',x)
[1] "((Northern_b,Tropical_b)N19"
Another approach to solve this problem
library(stringr)
str1 <- c("((Northern_b:0.005926,Tropical_b:0.000000)N19:0.002950")
str_replace_all(str1, regex("(:\\d{1,}\\.\\d{1,})"), "")
#[1] "((Northern_b,Tropical_b)N19"