I'm trying to implement a BLE task in my FreeRTOS application with the X-Nucleo-BNRG2A1 shield. I completed the BLE application (X-Cube-BLE2 package) without FreeRTOS and it has been working fine. For implementing the FreeRTOS, I have been looking into the BLE_HeartRateFreeRTOS example for reference. It looks like the hci_user_evt_proc() function is different in the BLE_HeartRateFreeRTOS example and the X-Cube-BLE2 default example. The BLE_HeartRateFreeRTOS hci_user_evt_proc() has a the following comment:
/**
* Up to release version v1.2.0, a while loop was implemented to read out events from the queue as long as
* it is not empty. However, in a bare metal implementation, this leads to calling in a "blocking" mode
* hci_user_evt_proc() as long as events are received without giving the opportunity to run other tasks
* in the background.
* From now, the events are reported one by one. When it is checked there is still an event pending in the queue,
* a request to the user is made to call again hci_user_evt_proc().
* This gives the opportunity to the application to run other background tasks between each event.
*/
Moreover, the hci_user_evt_proc() function is called inside the HciUserEvtProcess() task where it waits for a Thread Flag. The Thread Flag is called from hci_notify_asynch_evt callback function. It looks like the hci_notify_asynch_evt function is also different from the X-Cube-BLE2 package. FYI:
static void HciUserEvtProcess(void *argument)
{
UNUSED(argument);
for(;;)
{
osThreadFlagsWait( 1, osFlagsWaitAny, osWaitForever);
hci_user_evt_proc( );
}
}
void hci_notify_asynch_evt(void* pdata)
{
UNUSED(pdata);
osThreadFlagsSet( HciUserEvtProcessId, 1 );
return;
}
My question is, how do I implement FreeRTOS with my X-Nucleo-BLE2 package as the library files are different. Should I include the hci_user_evt_proc() inside a task with same priority with the other tasks so that other tasks will not be blocked? Or is there an update that I'm missing?
Looking for expert helps.
Related
I'm trying to build an NES emulator using winit, which entails building a game loop which should run exactly 60 times per second.
At first, I used std::thread to create a separate thread where the game loop would run and wait 16 milliseconds before running again. This worked quite well, until I tried to compile the program again targeting WebAssembly. I then found out that both winit::window::Window and winit::event_loop::EventLoopProxy are not Send when targeting Wasm, and that std::thread::spawn panics in Wasm.
After some struggle, I decided to try to do the same thing using task::spawn_local from one of the main asynchronous runtimes. Ultimately, I went with async_std.
I'm not used to asynchronous programming, so I'm not even sure if what I'm trying to do could work.
My idea is to do something like this:
use winit::{window::WindowBuilder, event_loop::EventLoop};
use std::time::Duration;
fn main() {
let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
let _window = WindowBuilder::new()
.build(&event_loop);
async_std::task::spawn_local(async {
// game loop goes here
loop {
// [update game state]
// [update frame buffer]
// [send render event with EventLoopProxy]
async_std::task::sleep(Duration::from_millis(16)).await;
// ^ note: I'll be using a different sleep function with Wasm
}
});
event_loop.run(move |event, _, control_flow| {
control_flow.set_wait();
match event {
// ...
_ => ()
}
});
}
The problem with this approach is that the game loop will never run. If I'm not mistaken, some asynchronous code in the main thread would need to be blocked (by calling .await) for the runtime to poll other Futures, such as the one spawned by the spawn_local function. I can't do this easily, since event_loop.run is not asynchronous.
Having time to await other events shouldn't be a problem, since the control flow is set to wait.
Testing this on native code, nothing inside the game loop ever runs. Testing this on Wasm code (with wasm_timer::Delay as the sleep function), the game loop does run, but at a very low framerate and with long intervals of halting.
Having explained my situation, I would like to ask: is it possible to do what I'm trying to do, and if it is, how would I approach it? I will also accept answers telling me how I could try to do this differently, such as by using web workers.
Thanks in advance!
I have came across a requirement where i want axon to wait untill all events in the eventbus fired against a particular Command finishes their execution. I will the brief the scenario:
I have a RestController which fires below command to create an application entity:
#RestController
class myController{
#PostMapping("/create")
#ResponseBody
public String create(
org.axonframework.commandhandling.gateway.CommandGateway.sendAndWait(new CreateApplicationCommand());
System.out.println(“in myController:: after sending CreateApplicationCommand”);
}
}
This command is being handled in the Aggregate, The Aggregate class is annotated with org.axonframework.spring.stereotype.Aggregate:
#Aggregate
class MyAggregate{
#CommandHandler //org.axonframework.commandhandling.CommandHandler
private MyAggregate(CreateApplicationCommand command) {
org.axonframework.modelling.command.AggregateLifecycle.apply(new AppCreatedEvent());
System.out.println(“in MyAggregate:: after firing AppCreatedEvent”);
}
#EventSourcingHandler //org.axonframework.eventsourcing.EventSourcingHandler
private void on(AppCreatedEvent appCreatedEvent) {
// Updates the state of the aggregate
this.id = appCreatedEvent.getId();
this.name = appCreatedEvent.getName();
System.out.println(“in MyAggregate:: after updating state”);
}
}
The AppCreatedEvent is handled at 2 places:
In the Aggregate itself, as we can see above.
In the projection class as below:
#EventHandler //org.axonframework.eventhandling.EventHandler
void on(AppCreatedEvent appCreatedEvent){
// persists into database
System.out.println(“in Projection:: after saving into database”);
}
The problem here is after catching the event at first place(i.e., inside aggregate) the call gets returned to myController.
i.e. The output here is:
in MyAggregate:: after firing AppCreatedEvent
in MyAggregate:: after updating state
in myController:: after sending CreateApplicationCommand
in Projection:: after saving into database
The output which i want is:
in MyAggregate:: after firing AppCreatedEvent
in MyAggregate:: after updating state
in Projection:: after saving into database
in myController:: after sending CreateApplicationCommand
In simple words, i want axon to wait untill all events triggered against a particular command are executed completely and then return to the class which triggered the command.
After searching on the forum i got to know that all sendAndWait does is wait until the handling of the command and publication of the events is finalized, and then i tired with Reactor Extension as well using below but got same results: org.axonframework.extensions.reactor.commandhandling.gateway.ReactorCommandGateway.send(new CreateApplicationCommand()).block();
Can someone please help me out.
Thanks in advance.
What would be best in your situation, #rohit, is to embrace the fact you are using an eventually consistent solution here. Thus, Command Handling is entirely separate from Event Handling, making the Query Models you create eventually consistent with the Command Model (your aggregates). Therefore, you wouldn't necessarily wait for the events exactly but react when the Query Model is present.
Embracing this comes down to building your application such that "yeah, I know my response might not be up to date now, but it might be somewhere in the near future." It is thus recommended to subscribe to the result you are interested in after or before the fact you have dispatched a command.
For example, you could see this as using WebSockets with the STOMP protocol, or you could tap into Project Reactor and use the Flux result type to receive the results as they go.
From your description, I assume you or your business have decided that the UI component should react in the (old-fashioned) synchronous way. There's nothing wrong with that, but it will bite your *ss when it comes to using something inherently eventually consistent like CQRS. You can, however, spoof the fact you are synchronous in your front-end, if you will.
To achieve this, I would recommend using Axon's Subscription Query to subscribe to the query model you know will be updated by the command you will send.
In pseudo-code, that would look a little bit like this:
public Result mySynchronousCall(String identifier) {
// Subscribe to the updates to come
SubscriptionQueryResult<Result> result = QueryGateway.subscriptionQuery(...);
// Issue command to update
CommandGateway.send(...);
// Wait on the Flux for the first result, and then close it
return result.updates()
.next()
.map(...)
.timeout(...)
.doFinally(it -> result.close());
}
You could see this being done in this sample WebFluxRest class, by the way.
Note that you are essentially closing the door to the front-end to tap into the asynchronous goodness by doing this. It'll work and allow you to wait for the result to be there as soon as it is there, but you'll lose some flexibility.
I have a class with the delegates for a URLSession. I intend to use it with a background configuration. I understand that the handlers are called when a certain event happens, such as didFinishDownloadingTo.
However, I do have the handle function on my ExtensionDelegate class:
func handle( _ handleBackgroundTasks:
Set<WKRefreshBackgroundTask>)
// Sent when the system needs to launch the application in the background
to process tasks. Tasks arrive in a set, so loop through and process each one.
for task in handleBackgroundTasks {
switch task {
case let urlSessionTask as WKURLSessionRefreshBackgroundTask:
I wonder: where should I handle the data I receive after a download? At the didFinishDownloadingTo or at that function on my ExtensionDelegate class, on the appropriate case of the switch statement?
Another question on the same cycle: I read everywhere that one must remember to setTaskCompleted() after going through the background tasks. But I read elsewhere that one should not set a task as completed if the scheduled data transfer hasn't finished. How do I check that?
There is a very good explanation here.enter link description here
It worked when I had an array with my WKURLSessionRefreshBackgroundTask. Then, at the end of my didFinishDownloadingTo, I get the task on that array that has the same sessionIdentifier as the current session.configuration.identifier, and set it as complete.
I'm trying to find the way to keep the database updated, but the method which does it consumes a lot of time so I try to create a background task to do it.
I searched for solutions and I read this article of different options to run background processes: https://www.hanselman.com/blog/HowToRunBackgroundTasksInASPNET.aspx
But I don't know what's is the best solution out of those, like I'm trying to execute it outside the application. I found something about creating a Windows Service too, but I don't know how, I didn't manage to find some good examples.
What is the best way to keep my database updated everytime I access the application without losing the time it consumes? If you can help me to see the light I would appreciate that so much.
I'm really happy with FluentScheduler, which is handling all my mission-critical scheduling. As well as firing jobs on a scheduled basis, it can also do them on demand, like so:
// Define your job in its own class
public abstract class MyJob : IJob
{
public void Execute()
{
// Do stuff here...
}
}
// Schedule your job at startup
var runAt = DateTime.Today.AddHours(1); // 1am
if (runAt<DateTime.Now)
runAt = runAt.AddDays(1);
Schedule<MyJob>()
.WithName("My Job Name") // Job name, required for manually triggering
.NonReentrant() // Only allow one instance to run at a time
.ToRunOnceAt(runAt) // First execution date/time
.AndEvery(1).Days().At(runAt.Hour, runAt.Minute); // Run every day at the same time
// To manually trigger your job
ScheduledJobRegistry.RunTaskAsync("My Job Name");
I have the scheduled jobs running in a windows Service and use SignalR as a means of triggering them remotely from an MVC Web App when required.
You can use an async method. Just use a void instead of Task.
public async void LongRunningMethod () {
...
// Insert long running code here
...
}
Then call it and it will execute in the background. Be aware that you can have hidden exceptions without proper were handling.
You can also use Hangfire which is a pretty awesome background task scheduler
Here is an example of using Hangfire to run a daily task
RecurringJob.AddOrUpdate(() => Console.Write("Easy!"), Cron.Daily);
I'm developing a JavaFX application for read data from a serial device and show a notification when a new device is connected to the computer.
I have a task DeviceDetectorTask which scans all the ports and creates an event when a new device is connected. This task must be submited every 3 seconds.
When a device is detected the user can press a button to read all the data contained in it. This is performed by another task ReadDeviceTask. At this point and while the ReadDeviceTask is running scan operations should not be performed (I cannot read and scan one port at the same time). So only one of the two task can be running at a time.
My actual solution is:
public class DeviceTaskQueue {
private ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
public void submit(Runnable task) {
executorService.submit(task);
}
}
public class ScanScheduler {
private ScheduledExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
public void start() {
AddScanTask task = new AddScanTask();
executor.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, 0, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
}
public class AddScanTask implements Runnable {
#Autowired
DeviceTaskQueue deviceTaskQueue;
#Override
public void run() {
deviceTaskQueue.submit(new DeviceDetectorTask());
}
}
public class ViewController {
#Autowired
DeviceTaskQueue deviceTaskQueue;
#FXML
private readDataFromDevice() {
deviceTaskQueue.submit(new ReadDeviceTask());
}
}
My question is: is it ok to add a task to the ExecutorService from the task AddScanTask which has been scheduled by the ScheduledExecutorService?
Yes, An Executor May Post Task To Another Executor
To answer your simple question in last line:
is it ok to add a task to the ExecutorService from the task AddScanTask which has been scheduled by the ScheduledExecutorService?
Yes. Certainly you can submit a Callable/Runnable from any other code. That the submitting code happens to be running from another executor is irrelevant, as code run from an executor is still “normal” Java code, just running on a different thread.
That is the whole point of the executor, to handle the juggling of threads in a manner convenient to you the programmer. Making multi-threaded coding easier and less error-prone is why these classes were added to Java. See the extremely helpful book, Java Concurrency in Practice by Brian Goetz et al. And see other writings by Goetz.
In your case you have two executors each with their own thread, each executing a series of submitted tasks. One has tasks submitted automatically (timed) while the other has tasks submitted manually (arbitrarily). Each executes on their own thread independent of one another. With multiple cores they may execute simultaneously.
Therein lies the bigger problem: In your scenario you don't want them to be independent. You want the reading tasks to block the scanning tasks.
Bigger Problem
The problem you present is that a regularly occurring activity (scanning) must halt when an arbitrary event (reading) happens. That means the two activities must coordinate with one another. The question is how to coordinate.
Semaphores
When the arbitrary event is happening, it should raise a flag. The recurring activity, when it runs, should always check for that flag. If raised, wait until the flag lowers before proceeding with scan. The ScheduledExecutorService is designed for this, tolerating a task that may run for a time longer than the scheduled period. If one execution of the task runs long, the SES does not run again, so it does not pile up a backlog of executions. That is just the behavior you want.
Vice versa, if the recurring activity is executing, it should raise a flag. The arbitrary event’s first to-do item is to check for that flag. If raised, wait until lowered. Then proceed, first raising its own flag and then proceeding with the task at hand (scanning).
Perhaps your scenario should be designed with a single flag rather than scanner and reader each having their own. I would have to think about it more and probably know more about your scenario.
The technical term for such flags is semaphore.
Unfortunately your comment says you cannot alter the scanner’s source code. So you cannot implement the semaphores and coordinate the activities. So I am stuck, cannot see a solution.
Hack
Given your frozen code, one hack solution, which I do not recommend, is that the regularly occurring activity (the scanning) not actually do the work but instead post a scanning task on another thread (another executor). That other executor would also be the same executor used to post the arbitrary activity (the reading). So there is one single queue of to-do items, a mix of scanning and reading jobs, submitted to a single-thread executor. The single-thread means they get done one at a time in sequence of their submission.
I do not like this hack because if any of the to-do items takes a long while you will begin to accumulate a backlog. That could be a mess.
By the way, no need for the DeviceTaskQueue in your example code. Just call the instance of the ExecutorService directly to submit a task. That is the job of an ExecutorService, and wrapping it adds no value that I can see.