I've just started learning a bit about Bootstrap and used npm to install Bootstrap. I noticed under node_modules that there are css files and scss files under Bootstrap. What I know of scss so far is that it's an advanced version of css, so I was wondering what the difference between the css Bootstrap files and the scss Bootstrap files were. Do they contain different things?
I believe what is ultimately rendered to the browser should be identical out of the box. The difference is that to serve the SCSS to the browser you have to have some build process in your development workflow that outputs the SCSS to CSS before serving it. There are, however, some benefits to using the SCSS files in your project, such as easier customization and access to mixins and helper utilities.
Related
I am trying to recompile bootstrap-grid.css from its SASS files which are in .scss format.
These .scss files are the ones provided here under "Source files".
Current bootstrap version is v4.13
Right now, I am performing the following;
sass bootstrap-grid.scss bootstrap-grid.css
However, when I compare the bootstrap-grid.css that I have manually created with the bootstrap-grid.css that is readily downloadable, the results are different.
The Bootstrap generated version uses Autoprefixer which will add the vendor prefixes like -ms- in the CSS.
Forgive me if this is naive, but I am used to using just CSS. Sass seems pretty cool and I'm down to learn it, but for some reason many of the Javascript or jQuery plugins I'm downloading have both a CSS and SCSS file associated with the stylesheet. I don't want to have to be editing two files to get results on the page, why would both be there when they seem like copies except for a few key areas? See image below, seems like there is an extra CSS file per SCSS. Is that because some browsers cannot compile the SCSS?
CSS and SCSS in same directory
Is that because some browsers cannot compile the SCSS?
Yes. There is a command line utility which converts the .scss to .css. Probably the .map file is a reverse-conversion aid for browser inspectors that understand it.
Whenever I have generated files (like a .min.js, or in your case .css that came from a .scss), I make sure the appropriate command-line conversion tool is executed automatically as part of my build script.
I'm not sure what kind of build system you are using, but there is some command line tool for conversion that will need to be executed.
You are not expected to manually update both formats. SCSS to CSS command-line converters existed long before any browser (is there one yet?) started to support SCSS.
No browser (at least major) is able to directly use SASS (or LESS). You always need to compile scss files to css, before you could use them.
You can compile css by build tools like grunt or gulp. You can even configure it to watch updates in scss files and recompile css if anything was changed.
You could have following types of files after build:
style.scss <- this is source file
style.css <- this is css file created from SASS file
style.min.css <- this is css file minified
style.css.map <- this is source map of scss file
Here you can read why css files are minified. Here you can read what are source maps for.
I'm just starting to play with SASS in Visual Studio. The question I have is that if I put my .scss file in the theme folder, the compiled CSS file will automatically be added to the site. The problem comes in that it generates a .css AND a .min.css file and BOTH are being applied to pages that use the theme.
Is there a way to have VS only add the .min.css automatically? I'd love to keep them in the theme folder and let VS handle linking everything automatically, but I don't want the stylesheet to be added twice. Or is there something else that is considered better/best practice that I should be doing with SASS files?
Are you using Web Essentials plugin to compile SASS? If yes, in its options, you can change it so when it compiles it can output min, css or either.
example for LESS (same for SASS):
Plus, even if VS is producing min and css files, it wouldn't make much difference since bundling will only use one file. You can just exclude certain files from the solution, and they will be ignored.
You could also look at build tools such as Gulp or Grunt to compile sass - they have much more options that you can apply.
Prestashop theme folder contains a SASS folder. Where I am having .scss files for my newly developing theme. Am clear in compiling sass to css files locally, but prestashop is not having any inbuilt sass compiler, so does it makes any sense in uploading the sass folder to the server???
it does only make sense if you're using css-maps so you can actually use the scss instead of the compiled css to see the right lines in the inspect-element-console.
otherwise you don't need it.
//Edit might sounded confusing, what i mean is: You can actually see your scss-lines if you're using css-maps (the map needs the source to your scss-file) where all scss-commands you did are linked to the compiled css. if you inspect an element while having this css-map and the scss on the server and all file-directories correct then you'll see the scss-commands instead of the compiled css-commands. it makes developing much easier.
I want to set up bootstrap like that Twitter Bootstrap Customization Best Practices
I want though the responsive version. I found this thread Twitter Bootstrap responsive css is not generated form the less files
but it's not clear to me how can I set up bootstrap files so I can customized it using the responsive version ?
If you are wondering how to use less to customise the bootstrap css and then use this in your project, then there are basic approaches.
You can combine your customisation into the base bootstrap css files and import this into your project, or you can leave the bootstrap files untouched, create a second css file for your customisation and import this into your project as well, after the bootstrap css.
Overwrite vs override.
From the first link you give, you can see that both approaches have their supporters.
I've usually used the first method, and this is what I've done.
Download a copy of the less files, here is one source, and add to your project files
Open the bootstrap.less file. You'll see that it orchestrates everything and imports the individual less files
Create theme-variables.less and theme-css.less files and save to this less folder
You need to import these files in the right sequence. Adding the variables file at the end of the Core variables and mixins block with #import "theme-variables.less"; and the theme file at the end of the Base CSS block with #import "theme-css.less"; works for me. Depending on what you are customising, you may need to play with this a bit
That's basically it. Edit your custom files, compile bootstrap.less, and import the resulting bootstrap css file(s) into your project.
Naturally at the start you want to keep good backups incase something goes wrong, and likewise when you upgrade Bootstrap.
Good luck!
First download form https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap less version
How to use Less and less compilers
http://lesscss.org/
http://winless.org/
Bootstrap tutorial
http://www.w3resource.com/twitter-bootstrap/tutorial.php