Consider the next list of private IP addresses:
192.168.100.147
192.168.100.3
fe80::c0c0:aa20:45b9:bdd9
fe80::250:56ff:febe:89ee
Now, is there any procedures to know more information about this list of IPs like the port number or the protocols used or being used by the given IPs? If my list is missing more information, what can I add to make this thing work?
Related
[I did my research]
I read the IPv4 and Subnetting chapters in the CCNA prep material. Watched several youtube videos and read through several forums. However, I still have a small issue because different sources use certain terms interchangeably however I want to be certain and confirm my understanding to avoid confusion.
[The Question]
Q1
Is the network address the same as the node address the same as the network id ?
Q2
Is the host address the same as the host id?
for instance:
in this ip 184.19.39.34 is 184.19 the network address == the node address == the network id?
is 39.34 the host address == the host id?
Thanks alot guys !
Q1: Basically, yes. You should note though that there are different kinds of network addresses such as IP addresses, subnet addresses/prefixes, or MAC addresses. The exact meaning of each term depends on context.
Q2: If the IP address/mask is 184.19.39.34/16 then 184.19.0.0/16 is the subnet address. 39.34 is the host part of the IP address while 184.19 is the network part. The IP address is split into these parts as indicated by the CIDR value or the network mask (255.255.0.0 for /16).
Note that this split is only relevant for routing and on the last hop, so you don't need to know the mask value of a far IP address.
Answer Q1 :
yes, But on as desired of the Mac or virtual IP or a value for the IP
Answer Q2 :
Gluttony complement each other
You can find a detailed answer here :
[https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/ip-addressing-introduction-and-classful-addressing/][1]
I am trying to learn how to calculate IP addresses from CIDR block.
For example, 10.88.135.144/28 or
10.88.135.10010000/28
From what I understand, that means first 28 bits are associated with network address while the rest 4 bits are host addresses. That would result in following IP range:
10.88.135.10010000 - 10.88.135.10011111
The first IP should be 10.88.135.144 and last IP address should be 10.88.135.159
But according to cidr.xyz. The first IP should be 10.88.135.145 and the last one should be 10.88.135.158.
I really can't figure out why. Can anyone explain the reason for me? Thanks!
Generally, the first IP is the network identifier and cannot be assigned to any device.This is used by router or switch on the network.
The last one is the broadcasting IP and cannot be assigned to any device as this IP is used by router or switch on the network to broadcast information.
https://www.quora.com/In-IP-addresses-what-is-meant-by-network-ID-and-host-ID
https://supportforums.cisco.com/t5/wan-routing-and-switching/what-is-broadcast-address/td-p/2494445#messageBodySimpleDisplay_1
I am writing a thesis concerning the identification of patterns in a network traffic. The input file contains thousands of data lines, each providing information as timestamps, source and destination IP addresses, source and destination ports, interfaces, number pf bytes and packets being exchanged between the source and the destination and protocols. The start and end-time are always the same in a data line.
My question is if there is possible to assign all IP addresses to categories such as routers/servers/clients only based on the info provided or if there are also other info necessary in order to assign all addresses correctly? (the ports used are about 100-150 and are both registered and unregistered).
Thank you!
Your question is very broad because it depends a lot on what categories you have in mind. For example, what's your definition of a server? Anyway, technically NetFlow does not support any kind of endpoint type qualification so you have to rely on statistics. If a certain destination IP address has a significant (absolute) amount of traffic to for example (destination) port 25 it would likely be an SMTP server. And the sender can perhaps be categorized as a client unless it also received a lot of SMTP traffic (so it would be relaying). Since NetFlow usually runs on routers (and less frequently on switches) your NetFlow origin IP address is likely a router. Large amounts of traffic to or from an IP address on a specific port will likely denominate that IP address as a server. You have to determine the boundaries for that. And - if needed - the type of server. SMTP could also run an a non-standard port (e.g. 80), less likely but you could possibly detect that by measuring the amount of ingress vs egress data. My guess would be that several standard protocols have identifiable ratios on this.
Number of IP-addresses in practice when paired with subnet masks: Should IP-addresses paired with different subnet masks be seen as distinct?
I know an IP-address is represented as 4 octets, i.e. using 32-bits. The total is 2^32 different IP-addresses.
But these IP-addresses are paired with a subnet mask. Does this mean that 192.168.0.1/24 and 192.168.0.1/16 are two different IP-addresses in practice? If so, why not introduce some more "layers" (more masks) that extend the 32-bit addressing scheme even further?
How many IP-addresses are there?
Should IP-addresses paired with different subnet masks be seen as distinct?
No. A subnet mask is not a qualifier or namespace for IP addresses. Netmasks have no part in associating IP addresses with machines. Rather, they are associated with the physical and logical topology of the (IPv4) network, and they are needed for hosts to participate in the network appropriately. Using a different netmask does not change the meaning of IP addresses, so netmasks do not provide a mechanism for expanding the address space.
Does this mean that 192.168.0.1/24 and 192.168.0.1/16 are two different IP-addresses in practice?
No. In fact, those are not IP addresses at all -- they are (address, netmask) pairs, both with the same address part. On any given network, they refer to the same machine (if they refer to any machine at all). The IP address involved is in one of the non-routable ranges, however. These are usually used for internal networks, typically behind a router that performs network address translation (NAT) so that multiple machines can access the network without having globally-unique addresses. That has nothing to do with netmasks, however.
How many IP-addresses are there?
There are exactly 232 (a bit less than 5 billion) distinct IPv4 addresses. Not all of them are usable as host addresses. Use of private networks with NAT-ed access to the Internet expands the total number of machines that can be connected, but that does not change the number of distinct addresses, and it anyway is not related to netmasks.
I'm wondering if two nodes on same network/sub-network can have same ip addresses?
Now i know that by definiton ip addresses are unique and that's how nodes are identified on network layer but i got this question in a quiz paper so is that possible anyhow?
For eg if i am on a private network and then if try to set same ip addresses for two different nodes it gives IP adress conflict but answer was YES in that quiz for this question.So if anybody can suggest any possible reason,it would be deeply appreciated.
Please let me know if it's not possible.
they can, but they must not.
If the client know or cache the mac address , it can comunicate with one node
but the next arp request can change the mac address and continue with the other.
It can send udp message to the wrong node , but broke tcp connections.