NGINX (Reverse Proxy - Bad Gateway - nginx

Question

I searched a lot and tried a lot but on this point I dont get it... so here is my question:
I have a newly setup Proxmox and I wanna run a nginx reverse proxy and some VMs behind it. It is the first time with nginx and reverse proxy for me. I only used Apache before and never a reverse proxy.
So my reverse proxy has basicly three files: headers.conf, ssl.conf and my.domain.com.conf.
In headers.conf is the following:
#
# Add headers to serve security related headers
#
# HSTS (ngx_http_headers_module is required)
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubdomains; preload;" always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
add_header X-Robots-Tag none always;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen always;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none always;
add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer always;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
# Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
#prox headers
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
Then there is the ssl.conf:
GNU nano 5.4 /etc/nginx/snippets/ssl.conf
#
# Configure SSL
#
# Diffie-Hellman parameter for DHE ciphersuites, recommended 4096 bits
ssl_dhparam /etc/nginx/dhparams/dhparams.pem;
# Not using TLSv1 will break:
# Android <= 4.4.40 IE <= 10 IE mobile <=10
# Removing TLSv1.1 breaks nothing else!
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
# SSL ciphers: RSA + ECDSA
# Two certificate types (ECDSA, RSA) are needed.
ssl_ciphers 'TLS-CHACHA20-POLY1305-SHA256:TLS-AES-256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA512:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA512:ECDHE-RSA-A>
# Use multiple curves.
ssl_ecdh_curve secp521r1:secp384r1;
# Server should determine the ciphers, not the client
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# SSL session handling
ssl_session_timeout 1d;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;
ssl_session_tickets off;
# SSL stapling has to be done seperately, becuase it will not work with self signed certs
# OCSP Stapling fetch OCSP records from URL in ssl_certificate and cache them
ssl_stapling on;
ssl_stapling_verify on;
# DNS resolver
resolver 192.168.xxx.xx;
and the my.domain.com.conf:
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name my.domain.com;
location ~ \.* {
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}
}
server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
server_name my.domain.com;
# SSL configuration
# RSA certificates
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/my.domain.com/rsa/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/my.domain.com/rsa/key.pem;
# ECC certificates
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/my.domain.com/ecc/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/my.domain.com/ecc/key.pem;
# This should be ca.pem (certificate with the additional intermediate certificate)
# See here: https://certbot.eff.org/docs/using.html
# ECC
ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/my.domain.com/ecc/ca.pem;
# Include SSL configuration
include /etc/nginx/snippets/ssl.conf;
# Include headers
include /etc/nginx/snippets/headers.conf;
# Set the access log location
access_log /var/log/nginx/my.domain.access.log;
location ~ \.* {
proxy_pass http://192.168.xxx.xxx:80;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_redirect http://192.168.xxx.xxx:80 https://my.domain.com;
}
}
That is the reverse proxy side.
The VM has nginx as well and the following file, my.domain.com.conf:
upstream php-handler {
server unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
}
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name my.domain.com;
#root /var/www;
# location / {
# return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
# }
# Path to the root of your installation
root /var/www/nextcloud;
# Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
# here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
# when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
# on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
# that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
# the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
# to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
# `/updater`, `/ocm-provider`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
# `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
# always provides the desired behaviour.
index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;
# set max upload size and increase upload timeout:
client_max_body_size 512M;
client_body_timeout 300s;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_comp_level 4;
gzip_min_length 256;
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
# Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
location = / {
if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
}
}
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
# access it despite the existence of the regex rule
# `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
# for `/.well-known`.
location ^~ /.well-known {
# The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
# in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.
location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
location = /.well-known/caldav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
#location /.well-known/acme-challenge { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
#location /.well-known/pki-validation { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
# Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
# requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
}
# Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/) { return 404; }
location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) { return 404; }
# Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
# which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
# then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
# to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
# Required for legacy support
rewrite ^/(?!index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode\/proxy) /index.php$request_uri;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true; # Avoid sending the security headers twice
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true; # Enable pretty urls
fastcgi_pass php-handler;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
fastcgi_read_timeout 600;
fastcgi_send_timeout 600;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 600;
fastcgi_param PHP_VALUE "upload_max_filesize = 10G
post_max_size = 10G
max_execution_time = 3600
output_buffering = off";
}
location ~ \.(?:css|js|svg|gif|png|jpg|ico|wasm|tflite)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
expires 6M; # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
access_log off; # Optional: Don't log access to assets
location ~ \.wasm$ {
default_type application/wasm;
}
}
location ~ \.woff2?$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
expires 7d; # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
access_log off; # Optional: Don't log access to assets
}
# Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
location /remote {
return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
}
}
I did all that from reading different tutorials and the manuals itself. But I totally don't get my mistake.... is there anything obvies you can see? I feel very happy for any hint you guys have for me!
Thank you a lot and good christmas time :)

Answer 1

This is the output:
root#HL-Reverse-Proxy:/var/www# telnet 192.168.178.100 80
Trying 192.168.178.100...
Connected to 192.168.178.100.
Escape character is '^]'.
GET /
<html>
<head><title>502 Bad Gateway</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>502 Bad Gateway</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.21.4</center>
</body>
</html>
Connection closed by foreign host.
So connection is possible.