I have a sybase query and i want to complete this purpose in Oracle.
Query - IF EXISTS( select Clm1 from T1 where clm1 ='P0C7')
begin
select 1/0
end
COMMIT
Assuming this is PL/SQL rather than SQL - there's a difference in Oracle. PL/SQL allows blocks of code, which is what you have.
DECLARE
c integer;
BEGIN
SELECT
COUNT(*)
INTO c
FROM
T1
WHERE
clm1 = 'P0C7';
IF c > 0 THEN
BEGIN
-- Do something
END ;
END ;
I need to run some SQL blocks to test them, is there an online app where I can insert the code and see what outcome it triggers?
Thanks a lot!
More specific question below:
<<block1>>
DECLARE
var NUMBER;
BEGIN
var := 3;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(var);
<<block2>>
DECLARE
var NUMBER;
BEGIN
var := 200;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(block1.var);
END block2;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(var);
END block1;
Is the output:
3
3
200
or is it:
3
3
3
I read that the variable's value is the value received in the most recent block so is the second answer the good one? I'd love to test these online somewhere if there is a possibility.
Also, is <<block2>> really the correct way to name a block??
Later edit:
I tried this with SQL Fiddle, but I get a "Please build schema" error message:
Thank you very much, Dave! Any idea why this happens?
create table log_table
( message varchar2(200)
)
<<block1>>
DECLARE
var NUMBER;
BEGIN
var := 3;
insert into log_table(message) values (var)
select * from log_table
<<block2>>
DECLARE
var NUMBER;
BEGIN
var := 200;
insert into log_table(message) values (block1.var || ' 2nd')
select * from log_table
END block2;
insert into log_table(message) values (var || ' 3rd')
select * from log_table
END block1;
In answer to your three questions.
You can use SQL Fiddle with Oracle 11g R2: http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!4. However, this does not allow you to use dbms_output. You will have to insert into / select from tables to see the results of your PL/SQL scripts.
The answer is 3 3 3. Once the inner block is END-ed the variables no longer exist/have scope. You cannot access them any further.
The block naming is correct, however, you aren't required to name blocks, they can be completely anonymous.
EDIT:
So after playing with SQL Fiddle a bit, it seems like it doesn't actually support named blocks (although I have an actual Oracle database to confirm what I said earlier).
You can, however, basically demonstrate the way variable scope works using stored procedures and inner procedures (which are incidentally two very important PL/SQL features).
Before I get to that, I noticed three issues with you code:
You need to terminate the insert statements with a semi-colon.
You need to commit the the transactions after the third insert.
In PL/SQL you can't simply do a select statement and get a result, you need to select into some variable. This would be a simple change, but because we can't use dbms_output to view the variable it doesn't help us. Instead do the inserts, then commit and afterwards select from the table.
In the left hand pane of SQL Fiddle set the query terminator to '//' then paste in the below and 'build schema':
create table log_table
( message varchar2(200)
)
//
create or replace procedure proc1 as
var NUMBER;
procedure proc2 as
var number;
begin
var := 200;
insert into log_table(message) values (proc1.var || ' 2nd');
end;
begin
var := 3;
insert into log_table(message) values (var || ' 1st');
proc2;
insert into log_table(message) values (var || ' 3rd');
commit;
end;
//
begin
proc1;
end;
//
Then in the right hand panel run this SQL:
select * from log_table
You can see that proc2.var has no scope outside of proc2. Furthermore, if you were to explicitly try to utilize proc2.var outside of proc2 you would raise an exception because it is out-of-scope.
When executing the following code, it just says the procedure is completed and doesn't print the infomation i want it to (firstName, lastName) and then the other values from the select query in a table below.
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PRINT_ACTOR_QUOTES (id_actor char)
AS
CURSOR quote_recs IS
SELECT a.firstName,a.lastName, m.title, m.year, r.roleName ,q.quotechar from quote q, role r,
rolequote rq, actor a, movie m
where
rq.quoteID = q.quoteID
AND
rq.roleID = r.roleID
AND
r.actorID = a.actorID
AND
r.movieID = m.movieID
AND
a.actorID = id_actor;
BEGIN
FOR row IN quote_recs LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('a.firstName' || 'a.lastName');
end loop;
END PRINT_ACTOR_QUOTES;
/
When setting server output on, I get
a.firstNamea.lastName
a.firstNamea.lastName
a.firstNamea.lastName
a.firstNamea.lastName
multiple times!
What is "it" in the statement "it just says the procedure is completed"?
By default, most tools do not configure a buffer for dbms_output to write to and do not attempt to read from that buffer after code executes. Most tools, on the other hand, have the ability to do so. In SQL*Plus, you'd need to use the command set serveroutput on [size N|unlimited]. So you'd do something like
SQL> set serveroutput on size 30000;
SQL> exec print_actor_quotes( <<some value>> );
In SQL Developer, you'd go to View | DBMS Output to enable the DBMS Output window, then push the green plus icon to enable DBMS Output for a particular session.
Additionally, assuming that you don't want to print the literal "a.firstNamea.lastName" for every row, you probably want
FOR row IN quote_recs
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( row.firstName || ' ' || row.lastName );
END LOOP;
Ensure that you have your Dbms Output window open through the view option in the menubar.
Click on the green '+' sign and add your database name.
Write 'DBMS_OUTPUT.ENABLE;' within your procedure as the first line.
Hope this solves your problem.
Set Query as below at first line
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
this statement
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('a.firstName' || 'a.lastName');
means to print the string as it is.. remove the quotes to get the values to be printed.So the correct syntax is
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(a.firstName || a.lastName);
For SQL Developer
You have to execute it manually
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
After that if you execute any procedure with DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('info'); or directly .
This will print the line
And please don't try to add this
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
inside the definition of function and procedure, it will not compile and will not work.
In Oracle SQL Developer, you can follow steps by steps as the below image:
I am using Oracle SQL Developer,
In this tool, I had to enable DBMS output to view the results printed by dbms_output.put_line
You can find this option in the result pane where other query results are displayed.
so, in the result pane, I have 7 tabs. 1st tab named as Results, next one is Script Output and so on. Out of this you can find a tab named as "DBMS Output" select this tab, then the 1st icon (looks like a dialogue icon) is Enable DBMS Output. Click this icon. Then you execute the PL/SQL, then select "DBMS Output tab, you should be able to see the results there.
All of them are concentrating on the for loop but if we use a normal loop then we had to use of the cursor record variable. The following is the modified code
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PRINT_ACTOR_QUOTES (id_actor char)
AS
CURSOR quote_recs IS
SELECT a.firstName,a.lastName, m.title, m.year, r.roleName ,q.quotechar from quote q, role r,
rolequote rq, actor a, movie m
where
rq.quoteID = q.quoteID
AND
rq.roleID = r.roleID
AND
r.actorID = a.actorID
AND
r.movieID = m.movieID
AND
a.actorID = id_actor;
recd quote_recs%rowtype;
BEGIN
open quote_recs;
LOOP
fetch quote_recs into recs;
exit when quote_recs%notfound;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(recd.firstName||recd.lastName);
end loop;
close quote_recs;
END PRINT_ACTOR_QUOTES;
/
I have a procedure that takes a SYS_REFCURSOR and converts it to JSON.
In a procedure that calls the above, I'm trying define a CURSOR as normal and supply that as a REF CURSOR.
I'm receiving PLS-00361.
I understand that I can use the OPEN FOR construct, but I need to use my Cursor elsewhere and don't like the duplication.
Any advice?
PROCEDURE LIST_EMPLOYEES
AS
l_ref_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
CURSOR c_emps
IS
SELECT email_address
FROM employees;
BEGIN
OPEN c_emps;
FETCH c_emps INTO l_ref_cursor;
json_utils.refcursor_to_json_via_http(l_ref_cursor,
'employees');
CLOSE l_ref_cursor;
EXCEPTION
WHEN others
THEN
log_error;
END LIST_EMPLOYEES;
Regards,
Laurence.
You wouldn't fetch the cursor into the REF CURSOR, you would simply OPEN it:
PROCEDURE LIST_EMPLOYEES AS
l_ref_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN l_ref_cursor FOR SELECT email_address FROM employees;
json_utils.refcursor_to_json_via_http(l_ref_cursor, 'employees');
CLOSE l_ref_cursor;
END LIST_EMPLOYEES;
I'm sure what I want is very simple but I cannot figure out how.
I want :
To declare some variables and initialize them to certain values
To excecute a number of selects (predicated by the above variable values) and see the results as if i had executed the results straight on the sqlplus command line
I believe it's necessary to use the block structure in order that I may declare and make use of variables within the predicates of the queries. Although the examples shown here are quite simple in the real case there are numberous, much more complex SELECT's.
I tried doing this (forgetting about predicates for a moment) ...
DECLARE
EMP_EMPLOYEE_ID_IN VARCHAR2(12);
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'SELECT * FROM DEPT WHERE DEPNO';
END;
/
... but when I do that I get to execute the select without seeing the output.
I've also tried this ...
DECLARE
EMP_EMPLOYEE_ID_IN VARCHAR2(12);
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM DEPT;
END;
/
... but then I get ...
PLS-00428: an INTO clause is expected in this SELECT statement
... I really don't want to have to declare a variable for every column which would appear in my output.
Can anyone tell me how I can execute the SELECTs but simply and easily see the output as if I were on the sqlplus command line, ie to see the same output as if I did this
SQL> SELECT * FROM DEPT;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
Thanks
I have now tested the answer given by Shannon Severance below and found that it will do what I want.
For the sake of later readers I thought it might be useful to show the complete script here.
set line 32000;
set trimspool on;
var V_CURSOR1 REFCURSOR;
var V_CURSOR2 REFCURSOR;
var V_CURSOR3 REFCURSOR;
DECLARE
DEPT_NUM_IN VARCHAR2(12);
BEGIN
DEPT_NUM_IN := '10';
OPEN :V_CURSOR1 FOR SELECT * FROM DEPT;
OPEN :V_CURSOR2 FOR SELECT * FROM DEPT ORDER BY LOC;
OPEN :V_CURSOR3 FOR SELECT * FROM DEPT WHERE DEPTNO = DEPT_NUM_IN ORDER BY LOC;
END;
/
print V_CURSOR1
print V_CURSOR2
print V_CURSOR3
From sqlplus, other tools may be different.
First declare a sqlplus refcursor variable
SQL> var l_cursor refcursor
Then open that cursor within a PL/SQL block, where you will have access to declared variables and everything:
SQL> edit
Wrote file afiedt.buf
1 declare
2 l_number number;
3 begin
4 open :l_cursor for select table_name from all_tables where rownum < 10;
5* end;
SQL> /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Notice above that the refcursor variable is prepended with a :, this is because we are binding a sqlplus variable into the PL/SQL anonymous block
Next, use the SQLPLUS print command:
SQL> print l_cursor
TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
ICOL$
CON$
UNDO$
PROXY_ROLE_DATA$
FILE$
UET$
IND$
SEG$
COL$
9 rows selected.
DECLARE
v_result VARCHAR2(400);
BEGIN
SELECT dummy
INTO v_result
FROM dual;
dbms_output.put_line(v_result);
END;