ggplot, scale_colour_manual issues - r

Question

Can anyone spot what is wrong in this code?
a <- c("Afghanistan"="darkgreen","Iraq"="red" ,"Mali"="green", "Nigeria"="purple","Senegal"="orange")
ggplot(data = full) + scale_colour_manual(values=a) +
geom_point(aes(x=Afghanistan_GDPpC, y=Afghanistan_AS), colour = "Afghanistan") +
geom_smooth(aes(x=Afghanistan_GDPpC, y=Afghanistan_AS), colour = "Afghanistan", method = "lm") +
geom_point(aes(x=Iraq_GDPpC, y=Iraq_AS), colour = "Iraq") +
geom_smooth(aes(x=Iraq_GDPpC, y=Iraq_AS), colour = "Iraq", method = "lm") +
geom_point(aes(x=Mali_GDPpC, y=Mali_AS), colour = "Mali") +
geom_smooth(aes(x=Mali_GDPpC, y=Mali_AS), colour = "Mali", method = "lm") +
geom_point(aes(x=Nigeria_GDPpC, y=Nigeria_AS), colour = "Nigeria") +
geom_smooth(aes(x=Nigeria_GDPpC, y=Nigeria_AS), colour = "Nigeria", method = "lm") +
geom_point(aes(x=Senegal_GDPpC, y=Senegal_AS), colour = "Senegal") +
geom_smooth(aes(x=Senegal_GDPpC, y=Senegal_AS), colour = "Senegal", method = "lm") +
labs (x = "Log - GDP per Capita", y = "Log - Asylum Applications - First Time", colour = "Legend") +
theme_classic()
This is the message I keep getting:
Error: Unknown colour name: Afghanistan
Here is the dataset: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1j5I6odeWxaAiJlc7dHtD-Qj42xuP-gMs/view?usp=sharing

Answer 1

I advise you to look at how ggplot and "grammar of graphics" works (here for example: https://ramnathv.github.io/pycon2014-r/visualize/ggplot2.html).
So first you need to reshape your data to meet the requirements of ggplot:
full <- full %>% pivot_longer(cols = ends_with(c("AS","GDPpC")),
names_to = c("country", ".value"),
names_sep="_") %>%
rename("year" = "X1")
The resulting tibble:
# A tibble: 50 x 4
year country AS GDPpC
<dbl> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
1 2011 Mali 8.29 6.73
2 2011 Nigeria 9.32 7.82
3 2011 Senegal 7.54 7.22
4 2011 Afghanistan 9.94 6.38
5 2011 Iraq 9.43 8.71
6 2012 Mali 7.75 6.66
7 2012 Nigeria 8.56 7.91
8 2012 Senegal 7.70 7.18
9 2012 Afghanistan 9.90 6.46
10 2012 Iraq 9.30 8.83
# ... with 40 more rows
Then you can use the ggplot correctly:
ggplot(data = full, mapping = aes(x = GDPpC, y = AS, col = country))+
geom_point()+
scale_color_manual(values = c("Afghanistan"="darkgreen","Iraq"="red" ,"Mali"="green", "Nigeria"="purple","Senegal"="orange"))+
geom_smooth(method = "lm")+
labs (x = "Log - GDP per Capita", y = "Log - Asylum Applications - First Time", colour = "Legend") +
theme_classic()