I have a command which I want to repeat when a certain error occurs. To make this generic I would like to come up with a function that can take any other function to basically wrap that behaviour, very similar to repeat in ZSH.
So what I would like to have is something like this:
repeatWhenError { someFunction() }
This would repeat the function within the braces until it succeeds successfully. Is there an easy way to implement this in ZSH?
From my dotfiles:
retry () {
retry-limited 0 "$#"
}
retry-limited () {
retry-limited-eval "$1" "$(gquote "${#:2}")"
}
retry-limited-eval () {
local retry_sleep="${retry_sleep:-0.1}"
local limit=0
local ecode=0
until {
test "$1" -gt 0 && test $limit -ge "$1"
} || {
eval "${#:2}" && ecode=0
}
do
ecode="$?"
ecerr Tried eval "${#:2}" "..."
sleep $retry_sleep
limit=$((limit+1))
done
return "$ecode"
}
gquote () {
\noglob : Use this to control quoting centrally.
print -r -- "${(q+#)#}"
}
ecerr () {
print -r -- "$#" >&2
}
Usage:
retry someFunction
I use the following code to both output something to stdout, and pipe it to a program:
function example() {
local fd1
{
exec {fd1}>&1
{ echo hi >&$fd1 } | true
} always { exec {fd1}>&- }
}
I am wondering if I can safely drop always { exec {fd1}>&- }. fd1 goes out of scope after the function finishes anyways.
You need to keep always { exec {fd1}>&- }. If you get rid of that, the variable containing the file descriptor will go out of scope, but the file descriptor won't be closed, resulting in leaking it. You can see this by doing ls -l /proc/$$/fd before and after running your function without that line. Each run of the function will permanently add another FD to that list. Eventually, you'll run out of file descriptors and won't be able to open any new ones, which will break things.
I want to configure zsh to append the time each command started next to the line command was executed on. For example:
# before I press ENTER
$ ./script
# after I press enter
$ ./script [15:55:58]
Running script...
I came up with the following config (which also colors the timestamp yellow):
preexec () {
TIME=`date +"[%H:%M:%S] "`
echo -e "$1 %{$fg[yellow]%}\033[1A\033[1C${TIME}$reset_color"
}
But it breaks and prints { and % characters on basic commands such as cat and echo. It also breaks on password prompts (macOS terminal). For example with echo:
$ echo "hello" [15:55:58]
hello"hello" %{%}
How can I fix this config?
Thank you.
You inspired me and based on your script I wrote mine. I have tested this on zsh 5.4.smth.
preexec () {
local TIME=`date +"[%H:%M:%S] "`
local zero='%([BSUbfksu]|([FK]|){*})'
local PROMPTLEN=${#${(S%%)PROMPT//$~zero/}}
echo "\033[1A\033[$(($(echo -n $1 | wc -m)+$PROMPTLEN))C $fg[blue]${TIME}$reset_color"
}
In your ~/.zshrc file, put:
function preexec() {
timer=${timer:-$SECONDS}
}
function precmd() {
if [ $timer ]; then
timer_show=$(($SECONDS - $timer))
export RPROMPT="%F{cyan}${timer_show}s %F{$black%}"
unset timer
fi
}
And that should give you something like this:
I've been struggling in building automated build using Jenkins with symfony 3.4.
How to properly set environment variables in Jenkins that symfony can find it.
here's my pipeline.
node {
def app
stage('composer install') {
sh 'export $(cat env/env_vars | xargs)'
sh 'composer install --optimize-autoloader'
}
stage('yarn install') {
sh 'yarn install'
}
stage ('build assets') {
sh 'yarn encore production'
}
stage('Clone repository') {
// clone
}
stage('Build image') {
// build here
}
stage('Push image') {
// push here
}
}
then after I run my build.
I always got this message
....
Creating the "app/config/parameters.yml" file
Some parameters are missing. Please provide them.
database_host ('%env(DATABASE_HOST)%'): Script Incenteev\ParameterHandler
\ScriptHandler::buildParameters handling the symfony-scripts event terminated with an exception
[Symfony\Component\Console\Exception\RuntimeException]
Aborted
....
I already used some jenkins plugin like EnvInjector and something similar. But still symfony can't find my environment variables.
You can probably solve this like this:
stage('composer install') {
sh 'export $(cat env/env_vars | xargs) && composer install --optimize-autoloader'
}
This will make the environment variables available in the same shell session.
How do I ask PowerShell where something is?
For instance, "which notepad" and it returns the directory where the notepad.exe is run from according to the current paths.
The very first alias I made once I started customizing my profile in PowerShell was 'which'.
New-Alias which get-command
To add this to your profile, type this:
"`nNew-Alias which get-command" | add-content $profile
The `n at the start of the last line is to ensure it will start as a new line.
Here is an actual *nix equivalent, i.e. it gives *nix-style output.
Get-Command <your command> | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Definition
Just replace with whatever you're looking for.
PS C:\> Get-Command notepad.exe | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Definition
C:\Windows\system32\notepad.exe
When you add it to your profile, you will want to use a function rather than an alias because you can't use aliases with pipes:
function which($name)
{
Get-Command $name | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Definition
}
Now, when you reload your profile you can do this:
PS C:\> which notepad
C:\Windows\system32\notepad.exe
I usually just type:
gcm notepad
or
gcm note*
gcm is the default alias for Get-Command.
On my system, gcm note* outputs:
[27] » gcm note*
CommandType Name Definition
----------- ---- ----------
Application notepad.exe C:\WINDOWS\notepad.exe
Application notepad.exe C:\WINDOWS\system32\notepad.exe
Application Notepad2.exe C:\Utils\Notepad2.exe
Application Notepad2.ini C:\Utils\Notepad2.ini
You get the directory and the command that matches what you're looking for.
Try this example:
(Get-Command notepad.exe).Path
My proposition for the Which function:
function which($cmd) { get-command $cmd | % { $_.Path } }
PS C:\> which devcon
C:\local\code\bin\devcon.exe
A quick-and-dirty match to Unix which is
New-Alias which where.exe
But it returns multiple lines if they exist so then it becomes
function which {where.exe command | select -first 1}
I like Get-Command | Format-List, or shorter, using aliases for the two and only for powershell.exe:
gcm powershell | fl
You can find aliases like this:
alias -definition Format-List
Tab completion works with gcm.
To have tab list all options at once:
set-psreadlineoption -editmode emacs
This seems to do what you want (I found it on http://huddledmasses.org/powershell-find-path/):
Function Find-Path($Path, [switch]$All = $false, [Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.TestPathType]$type = "Any")
## You could comment out the function stuff and use it as a script instead, with this line:
#param($Path, [switch]$All = $false, [Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.TestPathType]$type = "Any")
if($(Test-Path $Path -Type $type)) {
return $path
} else {
[string[]]$paths = #($pwd);
$paths += "$pwd;$env:path".split(";")
$paths = Join-Path $paths $(Split-Path $Path -leaf) | ? { Test-Path $_ -Type $type }
if($paths.Length -gt 0) {
if($All) {
return $paths;
} else {
return $paths[0]
}
}
}
throw "Couldn't find a matching path of type $type"
}
Set-Alias find Find-Path
Check this PowerShell Which.
The code provided there suggests this:
($Env:Path).Split(";") | Get-ChildItem -filter notepad.exe
Try the where command on Windows 2003 or later (or Windows 2000/XP if you've installed a Resource Kit).
BTW, this received more answers in other questions:
Is there an equivalent of 'which' on Windows?
PowerShell equivalent to Unix which command?
If you want a comamnd that both accepts input from pipeline or as paramater, you should try this:
function which($name) {
if ($name) { $input = $name }
Get-Command $input | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Path
}
copy-paste the command to your profile (notepad $profile).
Examples:
❯ echo clang.exe | which
C:\Program Files\LLVM\bin\clang.exe
❯ which clang.exe
C:\Program Files\LLVM\bin\clang.exe
I have this which advanced function in my PowerShell profile:
function which {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Identifies the source of a PowerShell command.
.DESCRIPTION
Identifies the source of a PowerShell command. External commands (Applications) are identified by the path to the executable
(which must be in the system PATH); cmdlets and functions are identified as such and the name of the module they are defined in
provided; aliases are expanded and the source of the alias definition is returned.
.INPUTS
No inputs; you cannot pipe data to this function.
.OUTPUTS
.PARAMETER Name
The name of the command to be identified.
.EXAMPLE
PS C:\Users\Smith\Documents> which Get-Command
Get-Command: Cmdlet in module Microsoft.PowerShell.Core
(Identifies type and source of command)
.EXAMPLE
PS C:\Users\Smith\Documents> which notepad
C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM32\notepad.exe
(Indicates the full path of the executable)
#>
param(
[String]$name
)
$cmd = Get-Command $name
$redirect = $null
switch ($cmd.CommandType) {
"Alias" { "{0}: Alias for ({1})" -f $cmd.Name, (. { which $cmd.Definition } ) }
"Application" { $cmd.Source }
"Cmdlet" { "{0}: {1} {2}" -f $cmd.Name, $cmd.CommandType, (. { if ($cmd.Source.Length) { "in module {0}" -f $cmd.Source} else { "from unspecified source" } } ) }
"Function" { "{0}: {1} {2}" -f $cmd.Name, $cmd.CommandType, (. { if ($cmd.Source.Length) { "in module {0}" -f $cmd.Source} else { "from unspecified source" } } ) }
"Workflow" { "{0}: {1} {2}" -f $cmd.Name, $cmd.CommandType, (. { if ($cmd.Source.Length) { "in module {0}" -f $cmd.Source} else { "from unspecified source" } } ) }
"ExternalScript" { $cmd.Source }
default { $cmd }
}
}
Use:
function Which([string] $cmd) {
$path = (($Env:Path).Split(";") | Select -uniq | Where { $_.Length } | Where { Test-Path $_ } | Get-ChildItem -filter $cmd).FullName
if ($path) { $path.ToString() }
}
# Check if Chocolatey is installed
if (Which('cinst.bat')) {
Write-Host "yes"
} else {
Write-Host "no"
}
Or this version, calling the original where command.
This version also works better, because it is not limited to bat files:
function which([string] $cmd) {
$where = iex $(Join-Path $env:SystemRoot "System32\where.exe $cmd 2>&1")
$first = $($where -split '[\r\n]')
if ($first.getType().BaseType.Name -eq 'Array') {
$first = $first[0]
}
if (Test-Path $first) {
$first
}
}
# Check if Curl is installed
if (which('curl')) {
echo 'yes'
} else {
echo 'no'
}
You can install the which command from https://goprogram.co.uk/software/commands, along with all of the other UNIX commands.
If you have scoop you can install a direct clone of which:
scoop install which
which notepad
There also always the option of using which. there are actually three ways to access which from Windows powershell, the first (not necessarily the best) wsl -e which command (this requires installation of windows subsystem for Linux and a running distro). B. gnuwin32 which is a port of several gnu binaries in .exe format as standle alone bundled lanunchers option three, install msys2 (cross compiler platform) if you go where it installed in /usr/bin you'll find many many gnu utils that are more up-to-date. most of them work as stand alone exe and can be copied from the bin folder to your home drive somewhere amd added to your PATH.
There also always the option of using which. there are actually three ways to access which from Windows powershell
The first, (though not the best) is wsl(windows subsystem for linux)
wsl -e which command
This requires installation of windows subsystem for Linux and a running distro.
Next is gnuwin32 which is a port of several gnu binaries in .exe format as standle alone bundled lanunchers
Third, install msys2 (cross compiler platform) if you go where it installed in /usr/bin you'll find many many gnu utils that are more up-to-date. most of them work as stand alone exe and can be copied from the bin folder to your home drive somewhere amd added to your PATH.