Create one-dimensional plot in R with text labels - r

I want to create a simple one-dimensional plot in R ranging from 0 to ten, with a scale (small lines for integer values 1,2, etc.), a slightly higher line for 5 (the median) and slightly higher than all of the other for 0 and 10. Then I want to fill this plot with a few points representing values like 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, and a text above each one of them with corresponding labels (like "party voted", "closest party", "individual 1", "expert", "individual 2"). It can be smaller labels, like "PV", "CP", etc.
I would like to have control over shape and color (say in data-points 4 and 6 I have a circle filled in black but in position 2 I have a not filled square, in position 5 I have a green circle filled-in, and in position 8 I have a black triangle, also filled). I would like to have 0, 10 and 5 marked in the labels as well.
A very rough representation of what I am trying to draw is in the image below (it has all the elements I want, at least).
In this Stack Overflow question there is some code on one-dimension plot, I have tried to adapt it to what I need but didn't get to it

I've assumed from the link in the question that you are looking for a base R solution.
There may be more efficient solutions but this seems to get you where you want.
I've avoided the need for arrows by forcing the labels to run over two lines and reducing the text size on the plot so they do not overlap.
You could manage this with arrows if need be, but this seems it will need a lot of extra code.
# data
df <- data.frame(desc = c("Party voted", "Closest party", "Individual 1", "Expert", "Individual 2"),
score = c(2, 4, 5, 6, 8),
y = 1)
# add line break to labels
df$desc <- gsub("\\s", "\n", df$desc)
plot(df$score,
df$y,
# type = "o",
xlim = c(0, 10),
pch = c(1, 21,21,21, 24),
col = c("black", "black", "green", "black", "black"),
bg = c("black", "black", "green", "black", "black"),
cex = 1.5,
xaxt = "n", #remove tick marks
yaxt = "n",
ylab = '', # remove axis labels
xlab = '',
bty = "n") # remove bounding box
axis(side = 1,
0:10,
pos = df$y,
labels = FALSE,
tck = 0.02)
axis(side = 1,
0:10,
pos = df$y,
labels = c(0, rep("", 4), 5, rep("", 4), 10),
tck = -0.02)
axis(side = 1,
c(0, 5, 10),
pos = df$y,
labels = FALSE,
tck = 0.05)
axis(side = 1,
c(0, 5, 10),
pos = df$y,
labels = FALSE,
tck = -0.05)
text(x = df$score,
y = df$y,
labels = df$desc,
pos = 3,
offset = 1,
cex = 0.75)
Created on 2021-04-28 by the reprex package (v2.0.0)

Related

R double Y axis seperating

I was wondering if it is possible to seperate two plots from eachother (both should be on the same plot, using double Y axis). So the double plot should be split into two but without actually plotting them seperate - par(mfrow(1,2)).
I was trying to imitate it with layout plot, or with latticeExtra, ggplot but no success.
I have two different dataset one for the exchange rate one for the logaritmic returns.
par(mar=c(4,4,3,4))
plot(rates$EURHUF~rates$Date, type="l", ylab="Rate", main="EUR/HUF", xlab="Time")
par(new=TRUE)
plot(reteslog$EURHUF~rateslog$Date, type="l", xaxt="n", yaxt="n", ylab="", xlab="", col="red")
axis(side=4)
mtext("Log return", side=4, line=3)
legend("topleft", c("EUR/HUF Rates","EUR/HUF Logreturns"), col=c("black", "red"), lty=c(1,1))
So far I am here, I just don't know how to seperate them or scale them (maybe using margin, or layout?)
Thank you very much guys for helping
I have a solution to this that isn't too outlandish, and is entirely in base, which is nice. For it to work, you just need to be able to force all of your data onto the same scale, which usually isn't a hassle.
The idea is that once your data is on the same scale, you can plot it all normally, and then add in custom axes that show the respective scales of the different data.
set.seed(1986)
d01 <- sample(x = 1:20,
size = 200,
replace = TRUE)
d02 <- sample(x = 31:45,
size = 200,
replace = TRUE)
# pdf(file = "<some/path/to/image.pdf>",
# width = 4L,
# height = 4L) # plot to a pdf
jpeg(file = "<some/path/to/image.jpeg>") # plot to a jpeg
par(mar=c(3.5, 3.5, 2, 3.5)) # parameters to make things prettier
par(mgp=c(2.2, 1, 0)) # parameters to make things prettier
plot(x = 0,
y = 0,
type = "n",
xlim = c(1, 200),
ylim = c(1, 50),
xlab = "Label 01!",
ylab = "Label 02!",
axes = FALSE,
frame.plot = TRUE)
points(d01,
pch = 1,
col = "blue") # data 01
points(d02,
pch = 2,
col = "red") # data 02
mtext("Label 03!",
side = 4,
line = 2) # your extra y axis label
xticks <- seq(from = 0,
to = 200,
by = 50) # tick mark labels
xtickpositions <- seq(from = 0,
to = 200,
by = 50) # tick mark positions on the x axis
axis(side = 1,
at = xtickpositions,
labels = xticks,
col.axis="black",
las = 2,
lwd = 0,
lwd.ticks = 1,
tck = -0.025) # add your tick marks
y01ticks <- seq(from = 0,
to = 1,
by = 0.1) # tick mark labels
y01tickpositions <- seq(from = 0,
to = 50,
by = 5) # tick mark positions on the y01 axis
axis(side = 2,
at = y01tickpositions,
labels = y01ticks,
las = 2,
lwd = 0,
lwd.ticks = 1,
tck = -0.025) # add your tick marks
y02ticks <- seq(from = 0,
to = 50,
by = 5L) # tick mark labels
y02tickpositions <- seq(from = 0,
to = 50,
by = 5) # tick mark positions on the y02 axis
axis(side = 4,
at = y02tickpositions,
labels = y02ticks,
las = 2,
lwd = 0,
lwd.ticks = 1,
tck = -0.025) # add your tick marks
dev.off() # close plotting device
A few notes:
Sizing for this plot was originally set for a pdf, which unfortunately cannot be uploaded here, however that device call is included as commented out code above. You can always play with parameters to find out what works best for you.
It can be advantageous to plot all of your axis labels with mtext().
Including simple example data in your original post is often much more helpful than the exact data you're working with. As of me writing this, I don't really know what your data looks like because I don't have access to those objects.

How to change the increment value for xlim and ylim when I wanna plot

I am quite new in R.
I am doing a part of my MSc thesis and wanna make some diurnal plots of for instance methane production in a period of time.
Now I a wanna see its variation in time and its correlation with another factor in the same time. Then I have two questions.
First:
How to define the xlim and ylim to increase by 2 hours. It has its own default and when I give it for example:
xlim = c(0, 23)
then it starts from 0 and goes up in 5 hours. I want it to go up in 2 hours.
Second:
How to put another variable which might be correlated to my first variable in the same time period. Let's say methane production in 23 hours could be related to oxygen consumption, just as an example. How can I put oxygen and methane in the same axis(y) against time (x)?
I will be so appreciated if you could help me with this.
Kinds,
Farhad
You can use at and labels arguments in axis function call to customize labels and tick locations.
You can use axis function with argument side = 4 to create custom y-axis on the right of you graph.
Please see the code below illustrating the above mentioned points:
set.seed(123)
x <- 0:23
df<- data.frame(
x,
ch4 = 1000 - x ^ 2,
o2 = 2000 - 2 * (x - 10) ^ 2
)
par(mar = c(5, 5, 2, 5))
with(df, plot(x, ch4,
type = "l", col = "red3",
ylab = "CH4 emission",
lwd = 3,
xlim = c(0, 23),
xlab = "",
xaxt = "n"))
axis(1, at = seq(0, 23, 2), labels = seq(0, 23, 2))
par(new = TRUE)
with(df, plot(x, o2,
pch = 16, axes = FALSE,
xlab = NA, ylab = NA, cex = 1.2))
axis(side = 4)
mtext(side = 4, line = 3, "O2 consumption")
legend("topright",
legend = c("O2", "CH4"),
lty = c(1, 0),
lwd = c(3, NA),
pch = c(NA, 16),
col = c("red3", "black"))
Output:

How to consistently skip (or not skip) x axis labels in R base graphics

I want to create a figure where for various reasons I need to specify the axis labels myself. But when I specify my labels (some have one digit, some two digits) R suppresses every other two-digit label because it decides there isn't enough room to show them all, but it leaves all of the one-digit labels, leaving the axis looking lopsided.
Is there a way to suppress labels consistently across the whole axis, based on whether any of them need to be skipped? Note: I have a lot of plots with varying scales, so I was looking for something I could use for all of them - I don't want to render all the labels for every plot, or to skip every other label in every plot. Suppressing labels will be desirable for some plots and not for others. I just want to skip every other label consistently, if that's what R chooses to do for the particular plot.
(Here is an example figure of what I mean. What I want is for the "6%" label to also be suppressed in the x axis.)
Example code:
library(labeling)
df <- data.frame("estimate" = c(9.81, 14.29, 12.94),
"lower" = c(4.54, 6.25, 5.12),
"upper" = c(12.85, 20.12, 15.84))
ticks <- extended(min(df$lower), max(df$upper), m = 5, only.loose = TRUE,
Q=c(2, 5, 10))
png("examplePlot.png", width = 1200, height = 900, pointsize = 10, res = 300)
bars <- barplot(df$estimate, horiz = TRUE, col = "white", border = NA,
xlim = c(min(ticks), max(ticks)), xaxt = "n", main = "Example")
arrows(df$lower, bars, df$upper, bars, code = 3, angle = 90, length = 0.03)
points(df$estimate, bars, pch = 20)
tickLabels <- paste(ticks, "%", sep = "")
axis(1, at=ticks, labels = tickLabels, cex.axis=1)
axis(2, at = bars, labels = c("c", "b", "a"), lwd = 0, las = 2)
dev.off()
This depends on the size of the plot, so you'll have to plot each label separately:
axis(1, lwd.ticks = 1, labels = FALSE, at = ticks) # plot line and ticks
i <- seq(1,length(ticks),2) # which labels to plot
for(ii in i)
axis(1, at = ticks[ii], labels = tickLabels[ii], cex.axis = 1, lwd = 0)

How To Make Histogram Bins in R-Studio Only Use Integers

I am attempting to create several histograms that display the effects a drug has on the frequency of heart attacks.
Currently, R is organizing my data into the bins [0 - 0.5, 0.5 - 1.0, 1.0 - 1.5, etc.], but I would like for it to only use integer values: [0 - 1, 1 - 2, 2 - 3, etc.].
I have tried using the xaxt="n" argument and the axis() function. They "worked," but they did not solve the problem above. I also tried to use breaks=seq(0,5,l=6), but this converted my y-axis from frequency into density.
Here is the code for my latest two attempts:
hist(fourTrials$red_5, breaks=5, right = FALSE,
xlab = "Number of Heart Attacks",
xlim = c(0, 4), ylim = c(0,4),
main = "Experimental Group 1, n = 400", col = "light blue")
hist(fourTrials$red_5, breaks=seq(0,5,l=6), freq = F, right = FALSE,
xlab = "Number of Heart Attacks",
xlim = c(0, 4), ylim = c(0,4),
main = "Experimental Group 1, n = 400", col = "light blue",yaxs="i",xaxs="i")
Thanks for any help!
I believe that what you want is:
hist(fourTrials$red_5, breaks=0:4, freq = TRUE, right = FALSE,
xlab = "Number of Heart Attacks",
xlim = c(0, 4), ylim = c(0,4),
main = "Experimental Group 1, n = 400",
col = "lightblue", yaxs="i", xaxs="i")

barplot labels in r: issues with displaying rotated labels using text()

I want to add labels to the columns of my barplot. Since there are 2 groups each pair of columns will share the same label, i.e 7 labels from "dislike very much" to "like very well".
Since labels titles are quite long I intended to rotate them using the text() function but I cannot get it to display correctly. Here is the code:
A <- c(0, 1, 0, 1, 14, 44, 42)
B <- c(0, 0, 0, 2, 14, 41, 45)
x <- rbind(A, B)
dd.names <- c("Dislike very much", "Strongly dislike", "Dislike", "Neither like nor dislike", "Like", "Like well", "Like very well")
bp <- barplot(x,
beside = TRUE, # Plot the bars beside one another; default is to plot stacked bars
space=c(0.2,0.8), # Amount of space between i) bars within a group, ii) bars between groups
legend = c("Fish cake containing sugar kelp", "Control fish cake"),
args.legend = list(x = "topleft", bty = "n", inset=c(0.1, 0.1)), # bty removes the frame from the legend
xlab = "",
ylab = "Number of scores",
ylim = range(0:50), # Expand the y axis to the value 50
main = "Score results from taste experiments of fish cakes")
text(bp, par("usr")[1], pos = 1, offset = 2, labels = dd.names, adj = 0.5, srt = 25, cex = 0.8, xpd = TRUE)
IMO you're better off rotating the graph.
par(mar=c(3,8,1,1),mgp=c(1.5,.5,0))
bp <- barplot(x,
beside = TRUE,
space=c(0.2,0.8),
legend = c("Fish cake containing sugar kelp", "Control fish cake"),
args.legend = list(x = "bottom", bty = "n", inset=c(0.1, 0.1)),
ylab = "",
xlab = "Number of scores",
xlim = range(0:50), # Expand the y axis to the value 50
main = "Score results from taste experiments of fish cakes",
horiz = TRUE)
text(rep(0,length(dd.names)),bp[1,], par("usr")[3], pos = 2,
labels = dd.names, cex = 0.8, xpd = TRUE)
In an unsolicited act of evangelism, here is a ggplot solution.
library(ggplot2)
library(reshape2) # for melt(...)
library(grid) # for unit(...)
gg <- melt(data.frame(dd.names,t(x)),id="dd.names")
gg$dd.names <- with(gg,factor(dd.names,levels=unique(dd.names)))
ggplot(gg,aes(x=dd.names,y=value))+
geom_bar(aes(fill=variable),stat="identity",position="dodge")+
coord_flip()+
scale_fill_manual(name="",values=c("grey30","grey70"),
labels=c("Fish cake containing sugar kelp", "Control fish cake"))+
labs(title="Score results from taste experiments of fish cakes",
x="",y="Number of scores")+
theme_bw()+theme(legend.position = c(1,0),legend.justification = c(1,0),
legend.key.height=unit(0.8,"lines"))

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