Nginx OSM tiles caching proxy with https upstream - nginx

Question

I have the old nginx-based OSM tile caching proxy configured by https://coderwall.com/p/--wgba/nginx-reverse-proxy-cache-for-openstreetmap, but as source tile server migrated to HTTPS this solution is not working anymore: 421-Misdirected Request.
The fix I based on the article https://kimsereyblog.blogspot.com/2018/07/nginx-502-bad-gateway-after-ssl-setup.html. Unfortunately after days of experiments - I'm still getting 502 error.
My theory is that the root cause is the upstream servers SSL certificate which uses wildcard: *.tile.openstreetmap.org but all attempts to use $http_host, $host, proxy_ssl_name, proxy_ssl_session_reuse in different combinations did't help: 421 or 502 every time.
My current nginx config is:
worker_processes auto;
events {
worker_connections 768;
}
http {
access_log /etc/nginx/logs/access_log.log;
error_log /etc/nginx/logs/error_log.log;
client_max_body_size 20m;
proxy_cache_path /etc/nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=openstreetmap-backend-cache:8m max_size=500000m inactive=1000d;
proxy_temp_path /etc/nginx/cache/tmp;
proxy_ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/nginx/ca.crt;
proxy_ssl_verify on;
proxy_ssl_verify_depth 2;
proxy_ssl_session_reuse on;
proxy_ssl_name *.tile.openstreetmap.org;
sendfile on;
upstream openstreetmap_backend {
server a.tile.openstreetmap.org:443;
server b.tile.openstreetmap.org:443;
server c.tile.openstreetmap.org:443;
}
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name example.com www.example.com;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
root /dist/browser/;
location ~ ^/osm-tiles/(.+) {
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X_FORWARDED_PROTO http;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_cache openstreetmap-backend-cache;
proxy_cache_valid 200 302 365d;
proxy_cache_valid 404 1m;
proxy_redirect off;
if (!-f $request_filename) {
proxy_pass https://openstreetmap_backend/$1;
break;
}
}
}
}
But it still produces error when accessing https://example.com/osm-tiles/12/2392/1188.png:
2021/02/28 15:05:47 [error] 23#23: *1 upstream SSL certificate does not match "*.tile.openstreetmap.org" while SSL handshaking to upstream, client: 172.28.0.1, server: example.com, request: "GET /osm-tiles/12/2392/1188.png HTTP/1.0", upstream: "https://151.101.2.217:443/12/2392/1188.png", host: "localhost:3003"
Host OS Ubuntu 20.04 (here https is handled), nginx is runnig on docker from nginx:latest image, ca.crt is the default ubuntu's crt.
Please help.