I have a character string that looks like below and I want to delete lines that doesn't have any value after '_'.
How do I do that in R?
[985] "Pclo_" "P2yr13_ S329" "Basp1_ S131"
[988] "Stk39_ S405" "Srrm2_ S351" "Grin2b_ S930"
[991] "Matr3_ S604" "Map1b_ S1781" "Crmp1_"
[994] "Elmo1_" "Pcdhgc5_" "Sp4_"
[997] "Pbrm1_" "Pphln1_" "Gnl1_ S33"
[1000] "Kiaa1456_"
We can use grep
grep("_$", v1, invert = TRUE, value = TRUE)
Or endsWith
v1[!endsWith(v1, "_")]
We can use substring to get the last character in the vector and select if it is not "_".
x <- c("Pclo_","P2yr13_ S329","Basp1_ S131")
x[substring(x, nchar(x)) != '_']
#[1] "P2yr13_ S329" "Basp1_ S131"
Last character can be extracted using regex as well with sub :
x[sub('.*(.)$', '\\1', x) != '_']
Related
I have a character string of names which look like
"_6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
I need to remove the first occurred underscore, so that it will be as
"6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
I aware of gsub but it removes all of underscores. Thank you for any suggestions.
gsub function do the same, to remove starting of the string symbol ^ used
x <- "_6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
x <- gsub("^\\_","",x)
[1] "6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
We can use sub with pattern as _ and replacement as blanks (""). This will remove the first occurrence of '_'.
sub("_", "", str1)
#[1] "6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
NOTE: This will remove the first occurence of _ and it will not limit based on the position i.e. at the start of the string.
For example, suppose we have string
str2 <- "6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
sub("_", "", str2)
#[1] "6302I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
As the example have _ in the beginning, another option is substring
substring(str1, 2)
#[1] "6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
data
str1 <- "_6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
This can be done with base R's trimws() too
string1<-"_6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
trimws(string1, which='left', whitespace = '_')
[1] "6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
In case we have multiple words with leading underscores, we may have to include a word boundary (\\b) in our regex, and use either gsub or stringr::string_remove:
string2<-paste(string1, string1)
string2
[1] "_6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001 _6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
library(stringr)
str_remove_all(string2, "\\b_")
> str_remove_all(string2, "\\b_")
[1] "6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001 6302_I-PAL_SPSY_000237_001"
Suppose I have list of string "S[+229]EC[+57]VDSTDNSSK[+229]PSSEPTSHVAR" and need to get a vector of string that contains only numbers with bracket like eg. [+229][+57].
Is there a convenient way in R to do this?
Using base R, then try it with
> unlist(regmatches(s,gregexpr("\\[\\+\\d+\\]",s)))
[1] "[+229]" "[+57]" "[+229]"
Or you can use
> gsub(".*?(\\[.*\\]).*","\\1",gsub("\\].*?\\[","] | [",s))
[1] "[+229] | [+57] | [+229]"
We can use str_extract_all from stringr
stringr::str_extract_all(x, "\\[\\+\\d+\\]")[[1]]
#[1] "[+229]" "[+57]" "[+229]"
Wrap it in unique if you need only unique values.
Similarly, in base R using regmatches and gregexpr
regmatches(x, gregexpr("\\[\\+\\d+\\]", x))[[1]]
data
x <- "S[+229]EC[+57]VDSTDNSSK[+229]PSSEPTSHVAR"
Seems like you want to remove the alphabetical characters, so
gsub("[[:alpha:]]", "", x)
where [:alpha:] is the class of alphabetical (lower-case and upper-case) characters, [[:alpha:]] says 'match any single alphabetical character', and gsub() says substitute, globally, any alphabetical character with the empty string "". This seems better than trying to match bracketed numbers, which requires figuring out which characters need to be escaped with a (double!) \\.
If the intention is to return the unique bracketed numbers, then the approach is to extract the matches (rather than remove the unwanted characters). Instead of using gsub() to substitute matches to a regular expression with another value, I'll use gregexpr() to identify the matches, and regmatches() to extract the matches. Since numbers always occur in [], I'll simplify the regular expression to match one or more (+) characters from the collection +[:digit:].
> xx <- regmatches(x, gregexpr("[+[:digit:]]+", x))
> xx
[[1]]
[1] "+229" "+57" "+229"
xx is a list of length equal to the length of x. I'll write a function that, for any element of this list, makes the values unique, surrounds the values with [ and ], and concatenates them
fun <- function(x)
paste0("[", unique(x), "]", collapse = "")
This needs to be applied to each element of the list, and simplified to a vector, a task for sapply().
> sapply(xx, fun)
[1] "[+229][+57]"
A minor improvement is to use vapply(), so that the result is robust (always returning a character vector with length equal to x) to zero-length inputs
> x = character()
> xx <- regmatches(x, gregexpr("[+[:digit:]]+", x))
> sapply(xx, fun) # Hey, this returns a list :(
list()
> vapply(xx, fun, "character") # vapply() deals with 0-length inputs
character(0)
I have a string vector
d <- c("sladfj0923rn2", ääas230ß0sadfn", 823Höl32basdflk")
I want to remove all characters from this vector that do not
match "a-z", "A-z" and "'"
I tried to use
gsub("![a-zA-z'], "", d)
but that doesn't work.
We could even make your replacement pattern even tighter by doing a case insensitive sub:
d <- c("sladfj0923rn2", "ääas230ß0sadfn", "823Höl32basdflk")
gsub("[^a-z]", "", d, ignore.case=TRUE)
[1] "sladfjrn" "assadfn" "Hlbasdflk"
We can use the ^ inside the square brackets to match all characters except the one specified within the bracket
gsub("[^a-zA-Z]", "", d)
#[1] "sladfjrn" "assadfn" "Hlbasdflk"
data
d <- c("sladfj0923rn2", "ääas230ß0sadfn", "823Höl32basdflk")
I have a table with a string column formatted like this
abcdWorkstart.csv
abcdWorkcomplete.csv
And I would like to extract the last word in that filename. So I think the beginning pattern would be the word "Work" and ending pattern would be ".csv". I wrote something using grepl but not working.
grepl("Work{*}.csv", data$filename)
Basically I want to extract whatever between Work and .csv
desired outcome:
start
complete
I think you need sub or gsub (substitute/extract) instead of grepl (find if match exists). Note that when not found, it will return the entire string unmodified:
fn <- c('abcdWorkstart.csv', 'abcdWorkcomplete.csv', 'abcdNothing.csv')
out <- sub(".*Work(.*)\\.csv$", "\\1", fn)
out
# [1] "start" "complete" "abcdNothing.csv"
You can work around this by filtering out the unchanged ones:
out[ out != fn ]
# [1] "start" "complete"
Or marking them invalid with NA (or something else):
out[ out == fn ] <- NA
out
# [1] "start" "complete" NA
With str_extract from stringr. This uses positive lookarounds to match any character one or more times (.+) between "Work" and ".csv":
x <- c("abcdWorkstart.csv", "abcdWorkcomplete.csv")
library(stringr)
str_extract(x, "(?<=Work).+(?=\\.csv)")
# [1] "start" "complete"
Just as an alternative way, remove everything you don't want.
x <- c("abcdWorkstart.csv", "abcdWorkcomplete.csv")
gsub("^.*Work|\\.csv$", "", x)
#[1] "start" "complete"
please note:
I have to use gsub. Because I first remove ^.*Work then \\.csv$.
For [\\s\\S] or \\d\\D ... (does not work with [g]?sub)
https://regex101.com/r/wFgkgG/1
Works with akruns approach:
regmatches(v1, regexpr("(?<=Work)[\\s\\S]+(?=[.]csv)", v1, perl = T))
str1<-
'12
.2
12'
gsub("[^.]","m",str1,perl=T)
gsub(".","m",str1,perl=T)
gsub(".","m",str1,perl=F)
. matches also \n when using the R engine.
Here is an option using regmatches/regexpr from base R. Using a regex lookaround to match all characters that are not a . after the string 'Work', extract with regmatches
regmatches(v1, regexpr("(?<=Work)[^.]+(?=[.]csv)", v1, perl = TRUE))
#[1] "start" "complete"
data
v1 <- c('abcdWorkstart.csv', 'abcdWorkcomplete.csv', 'abcdNothing.csv')
I have a returned string like this from my code: (<C1>, 4.297, %)
And I am trying to extract only the value 4.297 from this string using gsub command:
Fat<-gsub("\\D", "", stringV)
However, this extracts not only 4.297 but also the number '1' in C1.
Is there a way to extract only 4.297 from this string, please can you help.
Thanks
How about this?
# Your sample character string
ss <- "(<C1>, 4.297, %)";
gsub(".+,\\s*(\\d+\\.\\d+),.+", "\\1", ss)
#[1] "4.297"
or
gsub(".+,\\s*([0-9\\.]+),.+", "\\1", ss)
Convert to numeric with as.numeric if necessary.
Another option is str_extract to match one or more numeric elements with . and is preceded by a word boundary and succeeded by word boundary(\\b)
library(stringr)
as.numeric(str_extract(stringV, "\\b[0-9.]+\\b"))
#[1] 4.297
If there are multiple numbers, use str_extract_all
data
stringV <- "(<C1>, 4.297, %)"
An alternative is to treat your vector as a comma-separated-variable, and use read.csv
df <- read.csv(text = stringV, colClasses = c("character", "numeric", "character"), header = F)
V1 V2 V3
1 (<C1> 4.297 %)
This method is relying on the 'numeric' being in the 'second' position in the vector.
you can use as.numeric convert no number string to NA.
ss <- as.numeric(unlist(strsplit(stringV, ',')))
ss[!is.na(ss)]
#[1] 4.297