Why does to_char() always convert minutes to 07? - plsql

v_dateTime := sysdate;
update products
set received_dt = v_dateTime
where id = v_id
and received_dt is null;
dbms_lob.createtemporary(po_data, true);
po_data := to_clob('{"receivedDateTime": "' || to_char(v_dateTime, 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mm:ss') || '"}');
The result of executing this code is a correct datetime value inserted into the table. However, the to_char() function always converts minutes to '07'. The rest of the date and time are correct, but minutes are always changed to 07. Why??

As documented in the manual, the format mask for minutes is mi - mm is the month.
You need to use:
to_char(v_dateTime, 'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss')

Related

Lazarus SQLite date entry displays improperly

UPDATE: Issue was solved by #whosrdaddy. See comments below this question.
I am trying to resolve the following peculiar case: In a friend's Lazarus project, he tries to query an entry in SQLite. The asString()-method (in the procedure for displaying appointments) returns the proper date on Windows 64 Bit. On a 32 Bit operating system, however, only the first two digits are displayed ('16' instead of '28.02.2016'). What could be the reason?
This is the source code for initialising the form:
// Initialise Form
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
SQLite3Connection1.DatabaseName:='Kalender.sqlite';
SQLTransaction1.Database:=SQLite3Connection1;
SQLQuery1.Transaction:=SQLTransaction1;
// Create Table "tblTermine"
SQLQuery1.SQL.text := 'CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tblKalender (Datum DATETIME, Termin VARCHAR(10))';
SQLQuery1.ExecSQL;
SQLTransaction1.commit;
end;
There are two further procedures:
// Display Appointments
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
ListBox1.Clear;
SQLQuery1.Close;
SQLQuery1.SQL.text:='SELECT * FROM tblKalender';
SQLQuery1.Open;
while not SQLQuery1.Eof do
begin
// Should return 'dd.mm.yyyy'
ListBox1.Items.add(SQLQuery1.Fields[0].AsString+ ': ' + SQLQuery1.Fields[1].AsString);
SQLQuery1.Next;
end;
end;
// Save Appointment
procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
var Termin: string;
Datum: TDate;
begin
Termin:=Edit1.text;
if calendardialog1.execute then
Datum:=TDate(calendardialog1.date);
SQLQUERY1.close;
SqlQuery1.SQL.text:= 'Insert into tblKalender Values (:Datum, :Termin)';
SqlQuery1.ParamByName('Datum').AsDate:= Datum;
SqlQuery1.ParamByName('Termin').AsString:= Termin;
SqlQuery1.ExecSQL;
SqlTransaction1.Commit;
Button1.Click;
Edit1.Text := '';
end;
The intended output into the TListBox would be something like this.
you should convert first the DateTime to a Julian Date
function DateTimeToJulianDate(const Datum: TDateTime): Double;
and
SqlQuery1.SQL.text:= 'Insert into tblKalender Values (:Datum, :Termin)';
SqlQuery1.ParamByName('Datum').AsFloat := DateTimeToJulianDate(Datum);
...
SqlQuery1.ExecSQL;
to test and get the value use :
function TryJulianDateToDateTime(const AValue: Double; ADateTime: TDateTime):Boolean;
if TryJulianDateToDateTime(SQLQuery1.Fields[0].AsFloat,myDate)
then
ListBox1.Items.add(DateTimeToStr(myDate)+ ': ' + .....
else
ShowMessage('Not a valid Julian date');
Update
SQLite are capable of storing dates and times as TEXT, REAL, or INTEGER values:
TEXT as ISO8601 strings ("YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.SSS").
REAL as Julian day numbers, the number of days since noon in Greenwich on November 24, 4714 B.C. according to the proleptic
Gregorian calendar.
INTEGER as Unix Time, the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
Double Test
procedure TForm1.Button3Click(Sender: TObject);
var
Datum : TDate;
myDate : TDateTime;
JulianDouble : Double;
begin
// uses ....,DateUtils
Datum := StrToDate('01.01.2013'); //German Culture settings
Memo1.Lines.Add('01/01/2013 = '+DateTimeToStr(Datum)+ ' TDate as Text');
Memo1.Lines.Add('01/01/2013 = '+FloatToStr(Datum) + ' TDate Double');
JulianDouble := DateTimeToJulianDate(Datum);
Memo1.Lines.Add('01/01/2013 = '+FloatToStr(JulianDouble) + ' Julian Double');
if TryJulianDateToDateTime(JulianDouble,myDate)
then
Memo1.Lines.Add('01/01/2013 = '+DateTimeToStr(myDate)+ ' TDate as Text')
else
ShowMessage('Not a valid Julian date');
end;
Output :
01/01/2013 = 01.01.2013 TDate as Text
01/01/2013 = 41275 TDate Double
01/01/2013 = 2456293,5 Julian Double
01/01/2013 = 01.01.2013 TDate as Text
Update-2 :
To write Delphi TDate Double to a SQLite Date field is wrong
Your comment shows me that you do not know the problems.
Of course you can directly write a Delphi Double value into a database field. And read it back to a TDateTime.
This will quickly lead to problems.
Examples:
SQLite:
These functions only work for dates between 0000-01-01 00:00:00 and
9999-12-31 23:59:59 (julidan day numbers 1721059.5 through 5373484.5).
For dates outside that range, the results of these functions are
undefined.
41275 Delphi TDate Double for 2013/01/01 is outside of above range !!
SQLite's own date functions can no longer be used.
Compute the current date.
SELECT date('now');
Compute the last day of the current month.
SELECT date('now','start of month','+1 month','-1 day');
Compute the date and time given a unix timestamp 1092941466.
SELECT datetime(1092941466, 'unixepoch');
Compute the date and time given a unix timestamp 1092941466, and compensate for your local timezone
SELECT datetime(1092941466, 'unixepoch', 'localtime');
Compute the number of days since the signing of the US Declaration of Independence.
SELECT julianday('now') - julianday('1776-07-04');
etc. etc.
Changing the date value with above functions will give you a double 2456293,5 for a Date 2013/01/01
If you now use unproved and pass it to a Delphi TDateTime it will be 3387/11/26).
This is not far from the maximum value of a TDateTimePicker.
which is 2958465.5 and means 9999/12/31
DateTimePicker1.DateTime := 2958465.5;
DateTimePicker1 9999/12/31
If one already know that it is wrong one should not use it up to a crash.
SQLite uses something called manifest typing which means that if you store values of (Delphi) type TDateTime, SQLite will store the underlying floating point value without warning or message, and offer you the value back so you won't notice that SQLite doesn't treat this as a date-time-value, unless you're trying to manipulate the value from SQL.
To counteract this, I use this bit of SQL code to convert Delphi TDateTime values to an actual SQL datetime:
datetime('1900-01-01','+'||(myDateField-2)||' day')
(see also here)

I want to create a unique time stamp in oracle, it should check previous time stamp and overwrite if it is previously used?

I want to create a unique time stamp in Oracle, it should check previous time stamp and overwrite if it is previously used. I tried creating one in SQL Server but it doesn't work. Please help
I cannot imagine why you would want to do such a thing. Your request appears to translate to this
create or replace function this_is_silly
return timestamp
is
t1 timestamp := systimestamp;
t2 timestamp := systimestamp;
begin
if( t1 = t2 )
then
dbms_lock.sleep(0.01);
t2 := systimestamp;
end if;
return t2;
end;
Maybe instead you are looking for something like
create table all_timestamps_returned (
ts timestamp primary key
);
create or replace procedure get_a_new_timestamp( p_new_ts out timestamp )
as
l_ts timestamp := systimestamp;
begin
insert into all_timestamps_returned( ts )
values( l_ts );
p_new_ts := l_ts;
exception
when dup_val_on_index
then
dbms_lock.sleep( 0.01 );
get_a_new_timestamp( p_new_ts );
end;
This will iterate (potentially for a number of times in a reasonably busy system) until it happens to get a unique timestamp or you exhaust your max recursion limit. You could implement this iteratively using a loop as well but then you'd probably want to have some sort of failsafe if you've retried 50 times without getting a unique timestamp. Again, I'm not sure why you'd want to do this rather than recognizing that multiple events can happen at the same time and using a sequence to generate the unique key. But you could.

How to write this query in PL/SQL?

How do I write this?
DECLARE
STARTDATE DATE;
ENDDATE DATE;
BEGIN
STARTDATE='&&STRTDTE';
ENDDATE='&&ENDATE';
...
...
WHERE AAA_BBB.TR_DATE BETWEEN 'STARTDATE' AND 'ENDDATE';
I'm guessing that you intend the script to prompt the user for the STRTDTE and ENDATE values (why "DTE" in one and "DATE" in the other, btw?).
Assuming that the user enters both dates in the current default format, then all you need is to change your where statement:
WHERE AAA_BBB.TR_DATE BETWEEN STARTDATE AND ENDDATE;
It might be safer, however, not to assume what the current format is, and actually prompt for the date in a specific format, then store the responses as dates using that specific format:
STARTDATE := TO_DATE( '&&STRTDTE', 'YYYY/MM/DD' );
ENDDATE := TO_DATE( '&&ENDATE', 'YYYY/MM/DD' );
or whatever format you wish.
Also note the := rather than =

SQL Server Filtering by DateTime column, when TIME portion is provided sometimes

In an SSRS report, the user searches based on start date and end date.
The challenge is, as I discovered recently, he sometimes, not always, provides the time component while searching.
Currently, the filter is done like this:
if #pEndDate is null
SET #pEndDate = getdate()
SET #PEndDate = DateAdd(dd,1,#PEndDate)
SELECT ........
FROM .....
WHERE ( Createdon >= #PStartDate AND Createdon < #PEndDate)
This is fine when he searches without time (example - #PStartDate = 2/23/2015 and #PEndDate = 2/24/2015)
How should I structure the query to deal with the time portion when he provides it? (example - #PStartDate = 2/23/2015 15:00 and #PEndDate = 2/24/2015 15:00)
If this is answered elsewhere, please point me to it. Thank you.
If you just want to match the date part then there are lot options.
1) You can use the Date type for the parameter PEndDate and PStartDate to nullify the time part
2) You can use the Convert method to get only date part of the parameter while matching.CONVERT (DATE, #PEndDate) OR CONVERT(varchar,#PEndDate,103)
3) Get Date Part only from DateTime using DateTime functions
ATEADD(dd, 0,
DATEDIFF(dd, 0, #PEndDate))
4) Get Date Part only from DateTime using FLOOR and CAST functions
CAST( -- Convert the integer to DATE
FLOOR(-- Get largest Integer less than or equal to the decimal value
CAST(GETDATE() AS DECIMAL(12, 5)) -- Convert DATETIME to DECIMAL)
AS DATETIME) 'Date Part Only'
5) Get Date Part only from DateTime using DATEPART and CONVERT functions
CONVERT(VARCHAR(4),DATEPART(YEAR, #GETDATE))
+ '/'+ CONVERT(VARCHAR(2),DATEPART(MONTH, #GETDATE))
+ '/' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(2),DATEPART(DAY, #GETDATE))
'Date Part Only'
Use whichever method suits you and you find fancy.
UPDATE
As you mentioned you need to get the time part to 00:00 with date so you can try as,
SELECT CAST( convert(varchar(10),GETDATE(),112) AS DATETIME)
--This will give you 2015-02-27 00:00:00.000
SELECT DATEADD(ms,-3, DATEADD(day, DATEDIFF(day,0,GETDATE())+1,0))
--This will give you end of days time 2015-02-27 23:59:59.997
SELECT CONVERT(nvarchar,getdate(),103) + ' 12:59:59 PM'
--This will give you custom time 27/02/2015 12:59:59 PM

I want to combine date and time and compare with utc date

When I write this query
SELECT Convert(datetime,Convert(varchar,CAST(GETUTCDATE() AS DATE))+' '+
CONVERT(varchar, cast(meas_pain.datetime AS time))) FROM meas_pain
it works for me but when I use the same part in WHERE clause it gives error 'Conversion failed when converting date and/or time from character string.'
SELECT schedules.id
FROM meas_pain LEFT JOIN schedules ON schedules.id=meas_pain.schd_id
WHERE meas_pain.schd_id=9150 AND
Convert(datetime,(Convert(varchar,CAST(GETUTCDATE() AS DATE))+' '+
CONVERT(varchar, cast(meas_pain.datetime AS time)))) <
CONVERT(datetime,DATEADD(Minute,0,getutcdate()))
can anybody explain??
I am not sure why this error does not appear in your select statement, since I can reproduce the error using just
SET DATEFORMAT DMY;
SELECT CONVERT(DATETIME, CONVERT(VARCHAR,CAST(GETUTCDATE() AS DATE)))
Example of Error
You are relying on localised conversion settings, you should use explicit conversion, e.g.
SET DATEFORMAT DMY;
SELECT CONVERT(DATETIME, CONVERT(VARCHAR, CAST(GETUTCDATE() AS DATE), 111), 111)
By explicitly defining the date format to convert both to varchar and from varchar (111) you can avoid any implied conversions.
However, If your dates/times are stored as such there should be no need for all the conversion to and from varchar, this is just more chance for things to go wrong, and unnecessary work, you can simply add a time to a datetime. e.g.
DECLARE #Date1 DATETIME = DATEADD(HOUR, 1, GETUTCDATE()),
#Date2 DATETIME = DATEADD(DAY, 1, GETUTCDATE());
SELECT [Date1] = #Date1,
[Date2] = #Date2,
[Date1/Time2] = CAST(CAST(#Date1 AS DATE) AS DATETIME) +
CAST(#Date2 AS TIME);
From what I can gather from your query you are just trying to get results where the time of meas_pain.datetime is less that the current UTC time, regardless of date. So you should be able to simplify your query to just:
SELECT schedules.id
FROM meas_pain
LEFT JOIN schedules
ON schedules.id = meas_pain.schd_id
WHERE meas_pain.schd_id = 9150
AND CAST(meas_pain.[DateTime] AS TIME) < CAST(GETUTCDATE() AS TIME);
And remove further redundant conversions.
Simplified example on SQL Fiddle
ADENDUM
Apparently this time comparison is not what you are after (although it is what the query you have posted is doing), so I am assuming GETUTCDATE() is just for demonstration.
The conversion you are trying to perform is equivalent to this:
CAST(CAST(GETUTCDATE() AS DATE) AS DATETIME) + CAST(meas_pain.[DateTime] AS TIME)
Another example on SQL Fiddle using the above conversion

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