I have a data frame with the first column named "Date." It has values like "2016-01-01, 2016-01-02 ..." etc. The second column is named "precipBulk," and it just has decimal values (ex. 3.36, 1.57, etc.). The third column is named "abundance," and it also has decimal values. I want to graph both "abundance" and "precipBulk" on one graph(Like the image), but I want the x-axis to have intervals with every month instead of every other month like it is now. I know there's a way to do it in ggplot2 using "scale_x_date()" but I can't graph both of the y values in one graph with ggplot2 for some reason. Is there a way to do it without using ggplot2? if not, any tips on how I would graph dual y-axis to achieve this with ggplot2?
Graph link https://i.stack.imgur.com/SZXgT.png `
Small portion of data frame https://i.stack.imgur.com/PvTED.png
To make the graph, I did:
x = frame$Date
y1 = frame$precipBulk
y2 = frame$abundance
plot(x,y1, type = "l",ylab="Bulk Precipitation",xlab="Month",col="blue", main = "Precipitation vs Mosquito Abundance (OSBS 2016)", cex.main = 1)
par(new = TRUE)
plot(x, y2, type = "l",yaxt="n",xaxt="n",ylab="",col="red")
axis(side = 4)
legend('topleft', c("Precipitation", "Mosquito Abundance"), col= c("blue", "Red"),lty=c(1,1), adj = c(0,0.6), cex= 0.75)
You need to turn the x-axis off (as you did) and then add it manually, perhaps reducing the size if necessary so that the axis tick labels fit, otherwise, R will decide for you.
x <- seq(as.Date("2017-01-01"), as.Date("2018-01-01"), "day")
plot(x, rnorm(length(x)), xaxt="n")
at <- seq(min(x), max(x), "month")
axis(side=1, at=at, labels=format(at, "%b"), cex.axis=0.7)
Related
I've been producing different sets of charts, all in R base. I have a problem though with barplots. I've formatted the x-axis to show the dates by year, however, many years show up several times. I would like each year to only show up once.
Here's my example code:
library(quantmod)
start <- as.Date("01/01/2010", "%d/%m/%Y")
#Download FRED data
tickers <- c("WTISPLC", "DCOILBRENTEU")
fred <- lapply(tickers, function(sym) {na.omit(getSymbols(sym, src="FRED", auto.assign=FALSE, return.class = "zoo"))})
df <- do.call(merge, fred)
#Subset for start date
df <- subset(df, index(df)>=start)
#Create bar plot
par(mar = c(5,5,5,5))
barplot(df[,2], names.arg=format(index(df), "%Y"), ann=FALSE, bty="n", tck=-0, col=1:1, border=NA, space=0); title(main="Example chart", ylab="y-axis")
This example should be reproducible and show clearly what I mean. Now, I've been researching how to add a separate x-axis and how to define that axis. So, I've tried to add the following code:
#Plot bars but without x-axis
barplot(df[,2], names.arg=format(index(df), "%Y"), ann=FALSE, bty="n", tck=-0, xaxt="n", col=1:1, border=NA, space=0); title(main="Example chart", ylab="y-axis")
# Set x-axis parameters
x_min <- min(index(df))
x_max <- max(index(df))
xf="%Y"
#Add x-axis
axis.Date(1, at=seq(as.Date(x_min), x_max, "years"), format=xf, las=1, tck=-0)
This does not give me an error message, but it also does absolutely nothing in terms of drawing an x-axis.
Please do not provide a solution for ggplot. Even though I like ggplot, these barplots are part of a bigger project for me, all using R base and I would not like to introduce ggplot into this project now.
Thanks!
If you are not limited to barplot, you may use the following very simple solution using plot.zoo behind the screens:
# only use what you want, and avoid multiple plots
df2 <- df[ , 2]
# use zoo.plot's functionality
plot(df2, main = "Example Chart", ylab = "y-axis", xlab = "")
This yields the following plot:
I know it is not a barplot, but I don't see what a barplot would add here. Please let me know, whether this is what you want or not.
Edit 1
If you do want to use barplot you may use the following code:
### get index of ts in year format
index_y <- format(index(df), "%Y")
### logical vector with true if it is the start of a new year
index_u <- !duplicated(index_y)
### index of start of new year for tick marks
at_tick <- which(index_u)
### label of start of new year
labels <- index_y[index_u]
### draw barplot without X-axis, and store in bp
### bp (bar midpoints) is used to set the ticks right with the axis function
bp <- barplot(df[,2], xaxt = "n", ylab= "y-axis")
axis(side = 1, at = bp[at_tick] , labels = labels)
yielding the following plot:
Please let me know, whether this is what you want.
Edit 2
We need to take into account two bits of information, when explaining why the ticks and labels group together at the left-hand side.
(1) in barplot, space defines the amount of space before each bar (as a fraction of the average bar width). In our case, it defaults to around zero (see ?barplot for details). In the illustration below, we use spaces of 0.0, 0.5, and 2.0
(2) Barplot returns a numeric vector with the midpoints of the bars drawn (again see the help pages for more detailed info). We can use these midpoints to add information to the graph, like we do in the following excerpt: after storing the result of barplot in bp, we use bp to set the ticks: axis(... at = bp[at_tick] ... ).
When we add space, the location of the bar midpoints change. So, when we want to use the bar midpoints after adding space, we need to be sure we have the right information. Simply stated, use the vector returned by barplot with the call where you added space. If you don't, the graph will be messed up. In the below, if you continue to use the bar-midpoints of the call with (space=0), and you increase space, the ticks and labels will group at the left-hand side.
Below, I illustrate this with your data limited to 3 months in 2017.
In the top layer 3 barplots are drawn with space equal to 0.0, 0.5 and 2.0. The information used to calculated the location of ticks and labels is recalculated and saved at every plot.
In the bottom layer, the same 3 barplots are drawn, but the information used to draw the ticks and labels is only created with the first plot (space=0.0)
# Subset for NEW start for illustration of space and bp
start2 <- as.Date("01/10/2017", "%d/%m/%Y")
df2 <- subset(df, index(df)>=start2)
### get index of ts in month format, define ticks and labels
index_y2 <- format(index(df2), "%m")
at_tick2 <- which(!duplicated(index_y2))
labels2 <- index_y2[!duplicated(index_y2)]
par(mfrow = c(2,3))
bp2 <- barplot(df2[,2], xaxt = "n", ylab= "y-axis", space= 0.0, main ="Space = 0.0")
axis(side = 1, at = bp2[at_tick2] , labels = labels2)
bp2 <- barplot(df2[,2], xaxt = "n", ylab= "y-axis", space= 0.5, main ="Space = 0.5")
axis(side = 1, at = bp2[at_tick2] , labels = labels2)
bp2 <- barplot(df2[,2], xaxt = "n", ylab= "y-axis", space= 2.0, main ="Space = 2.0")
axis(side = 1, at = bp2[at_tick2] , labels = labels2)
### the lower layer
bp2 <- barplot(df2[,2], xaxt = "n", ylab= "y-axis", space= 0.0, main ="Space = 0.0")
axis(side = 1, at = bp2[at_tick2] , labels = labels2)
barplot(df2[,2], xaxt = "n", ylab= "y-axis", space= 0.5, main ="Space = 0.5")
axis(side = 1, at = bp2[at_tick2] , labels = labels2)
barplot(df2[,2], xaxt = "n", ylab= "y-axis", space= 2.0, main ="Space = 2.0")
axis(side = 1, at = bp2[at_tick2] , labels = labels2)
par(mfrow = c(1,1))
Have a look here:
Top layer: bp recalculated every time
Bottom layer: bp space=0 reused
Cutting and pasting the commands in your console may illustrate the effects better than the pic above.
I hope this helps.
You could use the axis function, I used match to obtain the indices of the dates on the axis:
space=1
#Plot bars but without x-axis
barplot(df[,2], names.arg=format(index(df), "%Y"), ann=FALSE, bty="n", tck=-0, xaxt="n",
col=1:1, border=NA, space=space); title(main="Example chart", ylab="y-axis")
# Set x-axis parameters
x_min <- min(index(df))
x_max <- max(index(df))
#Add x-axis
axis(1, at=match(seq(as.Date(x_min), x_max, "years"),index(df))*(1+space),
labels = format(seq(as.Date(x_min), x_max, "years"),"%Y"),lwd=0)
Hope this helps!
I was wondering if it's possible to get a two sided barplot (e.g. Two sided bar plot ordered by date) that shows above Data A and below Data B of each X-Value.
Data A would be for example the age of a person and Data B the size of the same person. The problem with this and the main difference to the examples above: A and B have obviously totally different units/ylims.
Example:
X = c("Anna","Manuel","Laura","Jeanne") # Name of the Person
A = c(12,18,22,10) # Age in years
B = c(112,186,165,120) # Size in cm
Any ideas how to solve this? I don't mind a horizontal or a vertical solution.
Thank you very much!
Here's code that gets you a solid draft of what I think you want using barplot from base R. I'm just making one series negative for the plotting, then manually setting the labels in axis to reference the original (positive) values. You have to make a choice about how to scale the two series so the comparison is still informative. I did that here by dividing height in cm by 10, which produces a range similar to the range for years.
# plot the first series, but manually set the range of the y-axis to set up the
# plotting of the other series. Set axes = FALSE so you can get the y-axis
# with labels you want in a later step.
barplot(A, ylim = c(-25, 25), axes = FALSE)
# plot the second series, making whatever transformations you need as you go. Use
# add = TRUE to add it to the first plot; use names.arg to get X as labels; and
# repeat axes = FALSE so you don't get an axis here, either.
barplot(-B/10, add = TRUE, names.arg = X, axes = FALSE)
# add a line for the x-axis if you want one
abline(h = 0)
# now add a y-axis with labels that makes sense. I set lwd = 0 so you just
# get the labels, no line.
axis(2, lwd = 0, tick = FALSE, at = seq(-20,20,5),
labels = c(rev(seq(0,200,50)), seq(5,20,5)), las = 2)
# now add y-axis labels
mtext("age (years)", 2, line = 3, at = 12.5)
mtext("height (cm)", 2, line = 3, at = -12.5)
Result with par(mai = c(0.5, 1, 0.25, 0.25)):
I am trying for the last few hours to get the ticks of desired dates with labels as Month-Year on the x-axis of a time series plot. I have tried tons of things available on Stack and others but none worked out so far.
Below is an example of what I am trying so far. I am getting plot with x-axis as a numeric such as 2014.0, while I want it to be in the date format such as Jan-2014.
I am also trying to learn, in case of numeric year labels, how can I start my x-axis with 2014.1 instead of 2014.0 as the first month of my series is January. To get this I tried time function with offset=1 but it didn't work either. Please check below example
## dataframe and its time series
temp_df<- data.frame(date_temp= as.Date(dates_of_data), opp_temp= rnorm(29,mean = 100,sd=5))
temp_ts<- ts(temp_df[,2], start=2014, freq=12)
## plot
plot(temp_ts, axes=F, lwd=3, ylim=c(min(temp_ts),max(temp_ts)), xlab="", ylab="",type="l",col="black", main="")
points(temp_ts,pch=20,col="yellow")
## y-axis
axis(2, ylim=c(min(temp_ts),max(temp_ts)),col="black",lwd=2,line=1)
mtext(2,text="Y-axis count",line=3,col="black")
## x-axis
axis(1,pretty(range(time(temp_ts)),12))
mtext("Time - Year",side=1,col="black",line=2, lwd=3)
## axis(1,pretty(range(time(temp_ts, offset=1)),12)) -- didnt work either
temp_dates<- as.Date(as.yearmon(time(temp_ts)))
axis(side=1, at=tt, labels = FALSE)
axis(side = 1, at = tt[ix], labels = labs[ix], tcl = -0.7, cex.axis = 1)
grid (NULL,NULL, lty = 6, col = "blue")
dev.off()
Couple of things that I have tried so far includes
# 1. par(xaxt="n") ## didn't work
# 2. axis(1, at=seq(from = min(temp_dates),to = max(temp_dates), by="month"), labels=format(temp_dates,"%Y-%b"),las=2)
Can you please tell me how to get x-axis labels as Jan-2014 (Month-Year)?
These are some of the link I went through as requested: here
here
here
here
and
here
EDIT: Below solution works perfectly using zoo library. However I have't been using zoo the whole time in my study and was interested more in doing the other way. Please correct what is wrong in the previous approach.
require(zoo)
dev.off()
x<- (zoo(temp_df$opp_temp, temp_df$date_temp))
plot(x, xaxt = "n")
x_times <- time(x)
ticks <- seq(x_times[1], x_times[length(x_times)], by = "month")
grid (5,5, lty = 6, col = "blue")
axis(1, at = ticks, labels = format(x_times,"%Y-%b"),las=2, tcl = -0.3)
I'm trying to add color to specific points in my circular data based on group membership (I have two groups: one with individuals with a certain medical condition and another group of just healthy controls). I've converted their data from degrees to radians and put it on the plot, but I haven't managed to be able to selectively change the color of the points based on the factor variable I have).
Know that I've loaded library (circular), which doesn't allow me to use ggplot. Here's the syntax I've been working with:
plot(bcirc, stack=FALSE, bins=60, shrink= 1, col=w$dx, axes=FALSE, xlab ="Basal sCORT", ylab = "Basal sAA")
If you've noticed, I specified the factor variable (which has two levels) in the color section, but it just keeps putting everything in one color. Any suggestions?
Seems plot.circular does not like to assign multiple colours. Here's one potential work-around:
library(circular)
## simulate circular data
bcirc1 <- rvonmises(100, circular(90), 10, control.circular=list(units="degrees"))
bcirc2 <- rvonmises(100, circular(0), 10, control.circular=list(units="degrees"))
bcirc <- c(bcirc1, bcirc2)
dx <- c(rep(1,100),rep(2,100))
## start with blank plot, then add group-specific points
plot(bcirc, stack=FALSE, bins=60, shrink= 1, col=NA,
axes=FALSE, xlab ="Basal sCORT", ylab = "Basal sAA")
points(bcirc[dx==1], col=rgb(1,0,0,0.1), cex=2) # note: a loop would be cleaner if dealing with >2 levels
points(bcirc[dx==2], col=rgb(0,0,1,0.1), cex=2)
Inspired by Paul Regular's example, here is a version using the same data where one condition is plotted stacking inwards and the other is plotted stacking outwards.
library(circular)
## simulate circular data
bcirc1 <- rvonmises(100, circular(90, units = 'degrees'), 10, control.circular=list(units="degrees"))
bcirc2 <- rvonmises(100, circular(0, units = 'degrees'), 10, control.circular=list(units="degrees"))
bcirc <- data.frame(condition = c(
rep(1,length(bcirc1)),
rep(2,length(bcirc2)) ),
angles = c(bcirc1,
bcirc2) )
## start with blank plot, then add group-specific points
dev.new(); par(mai = c(1, 1, 0.1,0.1))
plot(circular(subset(bcirc, condition == 1)$angles, units = 'degrees'), stack=T, bins=60, shrink= 1, col=1,sep = 0.005, tcl.text = -0.073,#text outside
axes=T, xlab ="Basal sCORT", ylab = "Basal sAA")
par(new = T)
plot(circular(subset(bcirc, condition == 2)$angles, units = 'degrees'), stack=T, bins=60, shrink= 1.05, col=2,
sep = -0.005, axes=F)#inner circle, no axes, stacks inwards
How can I increase the length of plot tick marks? Here is a small example:
r <- as.POSIXct(round(range(time), "mins"))
plot(time, x, t="l", xaxt = "n")
axis.POSIXct(1, at = seq(r[1], r[2], by = "min"), format = "%H:%M:%S")
which gives
As you can see, all the ticks are the same size. Is there a way to automatically increase the length of those ticks that are signed?
When creating a very specific axis layout, you typically need to add the axis after drawing the plot. Since you didn't have a reproducible example, I've created my own data set.
Create a plot, but don't display the axis
plot(1:10, axes=FALSE, frame=TRUE)
Add in the x-scale. In this example, values 1,2,3, ...., 10. The argument tck specifies the tick length:
##The tck value should be smaller here
axis(1, 1:10, tck=-0.05)
Now add in an additional scale for "in-between" values. I've set labels="", so we don't print any values:
axis(1, seq(0.5, 9.5, 1), labels=rep("", 10), tck=-0.01)
This gives: