How to in salt find host when specific package installed - salt-stack

Question

I have hundreds of servers connected to the salt-master.
I need to find all servers when specific package installed or service is running.
How I can write a query (minion target) to find these minions and run a single command (service restart for example).

Answer 1

Ad-hoc Commands Against Target Minions
First, find the best way to target your minions by referencing the Targeting Minions Salt documentation, or the Getting Started: Targeting guide.
For example, if it is checking all minions running CentOS, you could just target with a query focused on the os grain:
salt -G 'os:centos' test.ping
If you wanted each one of them that had the vim-enhanced package installed, modify the query with the pkg execution module:
salt -G 'os:centos' pkg.version vim-enhanced
Then you can use a simple bash script to loop through the results with the command you want to run after, but use the --out txt argument to simplify the output for use in a bash script.
A simple bash script example that uses the service execution module:
PKG_INSTALLED=`salt -G 'os:centos' pkg.version vim-enhanced --out txt | cut -d':' -f1`
for PKG in "$PKG_INSTALLED"; do
salt "$PKG" service.start <target-service>
done
This can be simplified further with the -L argument:
TARGETS=`salt -G 'os:centos' pkg.version vim-enhanced --out txt | cut -d':' -f1`
salt -L "$TARGETS" service.start <service>
Info on the -L arg:
-L, --list Instead of using shell globs to evaluate the target
servers, take a comma or whitespace delimited list
of servers.
That command can technically be reduced down to a one-liner, but it is a long one:
salt -L "$(salt -G 'os:centos' pkg.version vim-enhanced --out txt | cut -d':' -f1)" service.start <service>
Using Salt States
If not wanting merely ad-hoc targeting, it would be advisable to use Salt States.
Resources
The following should be good resources:
Getting Started: Fundamentals: This includes targeting, basic states, and applying states to targets.
Getting Started: Configuration Management: This includes more in-depth information, including a deeper look at states.