Degrouping from one row per group to one row per subject - r

I have data where each row represents a household, and I would like to have one row per individual in the different households.
The data looks similar to this:
df <- data.frame(village = rep("aaa",5),household_ID = c(1,2,3,4,5),name_1 = c("Aldo","Giovanni","Giacomo","Pippo","Pippa"),outcome_1 = c("yes","no","yes","no","no"),name_2 = c("John","Mary","Cindy","Eva","Doron"),outcome_2 = c("yes","no","no","no","no"))
I would still like to keep the wide format of the data, just with one individual (and related outcome variables) per row. I could find examples that tell how to do the opposite, going from individual to grouped data using dcast, but I could not find examples of this problem I am facing now.
I have tried with melt
reshape2::melt(df, id.vars = "household_ID")
but I get a long format data.
Any suggestions welcome...
Thank you

Use pivot_longer() in tidyr, and set ".value" in names_to to indicate new column names from the pattern of the original column names.
library(tidyr)
df %>%
pivot_longer(-c(village, household_ID),
names_to = c(".value", "n"),
names_sep = "_")
# # A tibble: 10 x 5
# village household_ID n name outcome
# <fct> <dbl> <chr> <fct> <fct>
# 1 aaa 1 1 Aldo yes
# 2 aaa 1 2 John yes
# 3 aaa 2 1 Giovanni no
# 4 aaa 2 2 Mary no
# 5 aaa 3 1 Giacomo yes
# 6 aaa 3 2 Cindy no
# 7 aaa 4 1 Pippo no
# 8 aaa 4 2 Eva no
# 9 aaa 5 1 Pippa no
# 10 aaa 5 2 Doron no
Data
df <- structure(list(village = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = "aaa", class = "factor"),
household_ID = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5), name_1 = structure(c(1L,
3L, 2L, 5L, 4L), .Label = c("Aldo", "Giacomo", "Giovanni",
"Pippa", "Pippo"), class = "factor"), outcome_1 = structure(c(2L,
1L, 2L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("no", "yes"), class = "factor"),
name_2 = structure(c(4L, 5L, 1L, 3L, 2L), .Label = c("Cindy",
"Doron", "Eva", "John", "Mary"), class = "factor"), outcome_2 = structure(c(2L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("no", "yes"), class = "factor")), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -5L))

Related

How to add column reporting sum of couple of subsequent rows

I have the following dataset
structure(list(Var1 = structure(c(1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L,
2L), .Label = c("0", "1"), class = "factor"), Var2 = structure(c(1L,
1L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L), .Label = c("congruent", "incongruent"
), class = "factor"), Var3 = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L), .Label = c("spoken", "written"), class = "factor"),
Freq = c(8L, 2L, 10L, 2L, 10L, 2L, 10L, 2L)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-8L))
I would like to add another column reporting sum of coupled subsequent rows. Thus the final result would look like this:
I have proceeded like this
Table = as.data.frame(table(data_1$unimodal,data_1$cong_cond, data_1$presentation_mode)) %>%
mutate(Var1 = factor(Var1, levels = c('0', '1')))
row = Table %>% #is.factor(Table$Var1)
summarise(across(where(is.numeric),
~ .[Var1 == '0'] + .[Var1 == '1'],
.names = "{.col}_sum"))
column = c(rbind(row$Freq_sum,rep(NA, 4)))
Table$column = column
But I am looking for the quickest way possible with no scripting separated codes. Here I have used the dplyr package, but if you might know possibly suggest some other ways with map(), for loop, and or the method you deem as the best, please just let me know.
This should do:
df$column <-
rep(colSums(matrix(df$Freq, 2)), each=2) * c(1, NA)
If you are fine with no NAs in the dataframe, you can
df %>%
group_by(Var2, Var3) %>%
mutate(column = sum(Freq))
# A tibble: 8 × 5
# Groups: Var2, Var3 [4]
Var1 Var2 Var3 Freq column
<fct> <fct> <fct> <int> <int>
1 0 congruent spoken 8 10
2 1 congruent spoken 2 10
3 0 incongruent spoken 10 12
4 1 incongruent spoken 2 12
5 0 congruent written 10 12
6 1 congruent written 2 12
7 0 incongruent written 10 12
8 1 incongruent written 2 12

Recording if the person has used all response categories across all questionnaire items?

My questionnaire got 30 items, and only 3 response categories (1, 2, and 3)
This time, I want to create a new variable that uses records whether or not the person has used all response categories across all questionnaire items.
Let me show you:
So if the respondents used multiple responses 1,2,3 throughout the entire questionnaire, the new variable will show either Yes or True. If not, I want it to show No or False.
Here is one option
df1$Use <- apply(df1[-1], 1, FUN = function(x) all(1:3 %in% x))
data
df1 <- structure(list(ID = 1:5, Item1 = c(2L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 2L), Item2 = c(1L,
1L, 2L, 3L, 2L), Item3 = c(3L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 2L), Item4 = c(2L,
1L, 2L, 3L, 1L), Item5 = c(3L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 1L)), row.names = c(NA,
-5L), class = "data.frame")
In dplyr you can use rowwise with c_across -
library(dplyr)
df <- df %>%
rowwise() %>%
mutate(Use = all(1:3 %in% c_across(starts_with('Item')))) %>%
ungroup
df
# ID Item1 Item2 Item3 Item4 Item5 Use
# <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> <lgl>
#1 1 2 1 3 2 3 TRUE
#2 2 1 1 1 1 1 FALSE
#3 3 2 2 2 2 2 FALSE
#4 4 3 3 3 3 3 FALSE
#5 5 2 2 2 1 1 FALSE

R - how to avoid repeating filter & row bind

Because I am working on a very large dataset, I need to slice my dataset by groups in order to pursue my computations.
I have a person-period (melt) dataset that looks like this
group id var time
1 A 1 a 1
2 A 1 b 2
3 A 1 a 3
4 A 2 b 1
5 A 2 b 2
6 A 2 b 3
7 B 1 a 1
8 B 1 a 2
9 B 1 a 3
10 B 2 c 1
11 B 2 c 2
12 B 2 c 3
I need to do this simple transformation
library(reshape2)
library(dplyr)
dt %>% dcast(group + id ~ time, value.var = 'var')
In order to get
group id 1 2 3
1 A 1 a b a
2 A 2 b b b
3 B 1 a a a
4 B 2 c c c
So far, so good.
However, because my database is too big, I need to do this separately for each different groups, such as
a = dt %>% filter(group == 'A') %>% dcast(group + id ~ time, value.var ='var')
b = dt %>% filter(group == 'B') %>% dcast(group + id ~ time, value.var = 'var')
bind_rows(a,b)
My problem is that I would like to avoid doing it by hand. I mean, having to store separately each groups, a = ..., b = ..., c = ..., and so on
Any idea how I could have a single pipe stream that would separate each group, compute the transformation and put it back together in a dataframe ?
dt = structure(list(group = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L), .Label = c("A", "B"), class = "factor"),
id = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L), .Label = c("1", "2"), class = "factor"), var = structure(c(1L,
2L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 3L, 3L), .Label = c("a",
"b", "c"), class = "factor"), time = structure(c(1L, 2L,
3L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 1L, 2L, 3L), .Label = c("1",
"2", "3"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("group", "id",
"var", "time"), row.names = c(NA, -12L), class = "data.frame")
Package purrr can be useful for working with lists. First split the dataset by group and then use map_df to dcast each list but return everything in a single data.frame.
library(purrr)
dt %>%
split(.$group) %>%
map_df(~dcast(.x, group + id ~ time, value.var = "var"))
group id 1 2 3
1 A 1 a b a
2 A 2 b b b
3 B 1 a a a
4 B 2 c c c
lapply is your friend here:
do.call(rbind, lapply(unique(dt$Group), function(grp, dt){
dt %>% filter(Group == grp) %>% dcast(group + id ~ time, value.var = "var")
}, dt = dt))

Counting where the string appears in row with caveat - [R]

I have a dataset where the first three columns (G1P1, G1P2, G1P3) indicate one grouping of three individuals (i.e. Sidney, Blake, Max on Row 1), the second three columns (G2P1, G2P2, G2P3) indicate another grouping of three individuals (i.e. David, Steve, Daniel on Row 2), etc.... There are a total of 12 individuals, and dataset is pretty much all the possible groupings of these 12 people (approximately 300,000 rows). Each group's cumulative test scores are represented on far right columns, (G1.Sum, G2.Sum, G3.Sum, G4.Sum
).
#### The dput(data) of the first five rows ####
data <- structure(list(X = 1:5, G1P1 = structure(c(4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L), .Label = c("CHRIS", "DAVID", "EVA", "SIDNEY"), class = "factor"), G1P2 = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("BLAKE", "NICK", "PATRIC", "STEVE"), class = "factor"), G1P3 = structure(c(4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L), .Label = c("BEAU", "BRANDON", "DANIEL", "MAX"), class = "factor"), G2P1 = structure(c(2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 3L), .Label = c("CHRIS", "DAVID", "EVA", "SIDNEY"), class = "factor"), G2P2 = structure(c(4L, 4L, 3L, 3L, 2L), .Label = c("BLAKE", "NICK", "PATRIC", "STEVE"), class = "factor"), G2P3 = structure(c(3L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 1L), .Label = c("BEAU", "BRANDON", "DANIEL", "MAX"), class = "factor"), G3P1 = structure(c(1L, 3L, 2L, 3L, 2L), .Label = c("CHRIS", "DAVID", "EVA", "SIDNEY"), class = "factor"), G3P2 = structure(c(3L, 2L, 4L, 2L, 4L), .Label = c("BLAKE", "NICK", "PATRIC", "STEVE"), class = "factor"), G3P3 = structure(c(2L, 1L, 3L, 1L, 3L), .Label = c("BEAU", "BRANDON", "DANIEL", "MAX"), class = "factor"), G4P1 = structure(c(3L, 1L, 3L, 2L, 1L), .Label = c("CHRIS", "DAVID", "EVA", "SIDNEY"), class = "factor"), G4P2 = structure(c(2L, 3L, 2L, 4L, 3L), .Label = c("BLAKE", "NICK", "PATRIC", "STEVE"), class = "factor"), G4P3 = structure(c(1L, 2L, 1L, 3L, 2L), .Label = c("BEAU", "BRANDON", "DANIEL", "MAX"), class = "factor"), G1.Sum = c(63.33333333, 63.33333333, 63.33333333, 63.33333333, 63.33333333), G2.Sum = c(58.78333333, 58.78333333, 54.62333333, 54.62333333, 58.69), G3.Sum = c(54.62333333, 58.69, 58.78333333, 58.69, 58.78333333), G4.Sum = c(58.69, 54.62333333, 58.69, 58.78333333, 54.62333333)), .Names = c("X", "G1P1", "G1P2", "G1P3", "G2P1", "G2P2", "G2P3", "G3P1", "G3P2", "G3P3", "G4P1", "G4P2", "G4P3", "G1.Sum", "G2.Sum", "G3.Sum", "G4.Sum"), row.names = c(NA, 5L), class = "data.frame")
I was wondering how you would write an R function so for each row, you can record where the person's group score ranked. For example, on Row 1, SIDNEY was in a group with the highest score at 63.3333. So his rank would be a '1.' But for BRANDON, his group scored last (54.62333), so her rank would be 4. I would like my final data.frame output to be something like this:
ranks <- t(apply(data[grep("Sum", names(data))], 1, function(x) rep(match(x, sort(x, decreasing=T)),each=3)))
just.names <- data[grep("P", names(data))] #Subset without sums
names <- as.character(unlist(just.names[1,])) #create name vector
sapply(names, function(x) ranks[just.names == x])
# SIDNEY BLAKE MAX DAVID STEVE DANIEL CHRIS PATRIC BRANDON EVA NICK BEAU
# [1,] 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 4 4 3 3 3
# [2,] 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 4 4 3 3 3
# [3,] 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 4 4 3 3 3
# [4,] 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 4 4 3 3 3
# [5,] 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 4 4 3 3 3
We first rank the sums and replicate them 3 times each. Next we subset the larger data frame with the names only (take out the sum columns). We make a vector with the individual names. And lastly, we subset the ranks matrix that we created first by seeing where in the data frame the name appears.
Using dplyr and tidyr. First, ranking, then uniting all the rows with their rank, converting to long data, separating out the variables, then finally spreading.
It got really long, and can probably be simplified:
library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
data[ ,14:17] <- t(apply(-data[ ,14:17], 1 , rank))
data %>% unite("g1", starts_with("G1")) %>%
unite("g2", starts_with("G2")) %>%
unite("g3", starts_with("G3")) %>%
unite("g4", starts_with("G4")) %>%
gather(Row, val, -X) %>%
select(-Row) %>%
separate(val, c("1", "2", "3", "rank")) %>%
gather(zzz, name, -X, -rank) %>%
select(-zzz) %>%
spread(name, rank)
X BEAU BLAKE BRANDON CHRIS DANIEL DAVID EVA MAX NICK PATRIC SIDNEY STEVE
1 1 3 1 4 4 2 2 3 1 3 4 1 2
2 2 3 1 4 4 2 2 3 1 3 4 1 2
3 3 3 1 4 4 2 2 3 1 3 4 1 2
4 4 3 1 4 4 2 2 3 1 3 4 1 2
5 5 3 1 4 4 2 2 3 1 3 4 1 2
Using previous answer's 'rank' matrix and library(reshape2) to convert wide data.frame to long data.frame,
ranks <- t(apply(test[grep("Sum",names(test))], 1, function (x)
rep(match(x, sort(x, decreasing=T)),each=3)))
colnames(ranks) <- names(test)[grep("P", names(test))]
# data subset
test_L <- test[,-grep("Avg", names(test))]
df_player <- data.frame(position= names(test)[grep("P", names(test))],
t(test_L[,-1]), row.names = NULL)
df_ranks <- data.frame(position=names(test)[grep("P", names(test))],
t(ranks), row.names=NULL)
# Combine two temporary data.frames
df_player_melted <- melt(df_player, id=1,
variable.name = "rowNumber", value.name = "player")
df_ranks_melted <- rank= melt(df_ranks, id=1,
variable.name = "rowNumber", value.name = "rank")
df <- cbind(df_player_melted, rank= df_ranks_melted$rank)
# cast into the output format you want
df <- dcast(df, rowNumber ~ player + rank)[1,]

Calculating ratios by group with dplyr

Using the following dataframe I would like to group the data by replicate and group and then calculate a ratio of treatment values to control values.
structure(list(group = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L), .Label = c("case", "controls"), class = "factor"), treatment = structure(c(1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = "EPA", class = "factor"),
replicate = structure(c(2L, 4L, 3L, 1L, 2L, 4L, 3L, 1L), .Label = c("four",
"one", "three", "two"), class = "factor"), fatty_acid_family = structure(c(1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = "saturated", class = "factor"),
fatty_acid = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = "14:0", class = "factor"),
quant = c(6.16, 6.415, 4.02, 4.05, 4.62, 4.435, 3.755, 3.755
)), .Names = c("group", "treatment", "replicate", "fatty_acid_family",
"fatty_acid", "quant"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-8L))
I have tried using dplyr as follows:
group_by(dataIn, replicate, group) %>% transmute(ratio = quant[group=="case"]/quant[group=="controls"])
but this results in Error: incompatible size (%d), expecting %d (the group size) or 1
Initially I thought this might be because I was trying to create 4 ratios from a df 8 rows deep and so I thought summarise might be the answer (collapsing each group to one ratio) but that doesn't work either (my understanding is a shortcoming).
group_by(dataIn, replicate, group) %>% summarise(ratio = quant[group=="case"]/quant[group=="controls"])
replicate group ratio
1 four case NA
2 four controls NA
3 one case NA
4 one controls NA
5 three case NA
6 three controls NA
7 two case NA
8 two controls NA
I would appreciate some advice on where I'm going wrong or even if this can be done with dplyr.
Thanks.
You can try:
group_by(dataIn, replicate) %>%
summarise(ratio = quant[group=="case"]/quant[group=="controls"])
#Source: local data frame [4 x 2]
#
# replicate ratio
#1 four 1.078562
#2 one 1.333333
#3 three 1.070573
#4 two 1.446449
Because you grouped by replicate and group, you could not access data from different groups at the same time.
#talat's answer solved for me. I created a minimal reproducible example to help my own understanding:
df <- structure(list(a = c("a", "a", "b", "b", "c", "c", "d", "d"),
b = c(1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2), c = c(22, 15, 5, 0.2, 107,
6, 0.2, 4)), row.names = c(NA, -8L), class = c("tbl_df",
"tbl", "data.frame"))
# a b c
# 1 a 1 22.0
# 2 a 2 15.0
# 3 b 1 5.0
# 4 b 2 0.2
# 5 c 1 107.0
# 6 c 2 6.0
# 7 d 1 0.2
# 8 d 2 4.0
library(dplyr)
df %>%
group_by(a) %>%
summarise(prop = c[b == 1] / c[b == 2])
# a prop
# 1 a 1.466667
# 2 b 25.000000
# 3 c 17.833333
# 4 d 0.050000

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