I coded a program on Processing where all the pixels on the screen are scrambled, but around the cursor. The code works by replacing the pixels with a random pixel between 0 and the pixel the loop is currently on. To find that pixel, I used the code (y*width+x)-1. This code, however, is taking pixels from the entire screen. I want the code to instead take the pixels from a 40m square around the mouse coordinates. How can I do this?
import processing.video.*;
Capture video;
void setup() {
size(640, 480);
video = new Capture(this, 640, 480);
video.start();
}
void draw() {
loadPixels();
if (video.available()){
video.read();
video.loadPixels();
for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
pixels[y*width+x] = video.pixels[y*video.width+(width-x-1)];
// the code should only be applied 20 pixels around the mouse
if (dist(mouseX, mouseY, x, y) < 20){
int d = int(random(0, y*width+x-1));
pixels[y*width+x] = video.pixels[d];
}
}
}
}
updatePixels();
}
You don't need to iterate through all the pixels to only change a few.
Luckily your sketch is the same size as the webcam feed, so you're on the right track using the x + (y + width) arithmetic to convert from a 2D array index to the 1D pixels[] index. Remember that you're sampling from a 1D array currently (random 0, coords). Even if you upate the start/end index that's still a range that will span a few full image rows which means pixels to the left and right of the effect selection. I recommend picking the random x, y indices in 2D, then converting these random values to 1D (as opposed to a single index from the 1D array).
Here's what I mean:
import processing.video.*;
Capture video;
void setup() {
size(640, 480);
video = new Capture(this, 640, 480);
video.start();
}
void draw() {
loadPixels();
if (video.available()) {
video.read();
video.loadPixels();
//for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
// for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
// pixels[y*width+x] = video.pixels[y*video.width+(width-x-1)];
// // the code should only be applied 20 pixels around the mouse
// if (dist(mouseX, mouseY, x, y) < 20) {
// int d = int(random(0, y*width+x-1));
// pixels[y*width+x] = video.pixels[d];
// }
// }
//}
// mouse x, y shorthand
int mx = mouseX;
int my = mouseY;
// random pixels effect size
int size = 40;
// half of size
int hsize = size / 2;
// 2D pixel coordinates of the effect's bounding box
int minX = mx - hsize;
int maxX = mx + hsize;
int minY = my - hsize;
int maxY = my + hsize;
// apply the effect only where the bounding can be applied
// e.g. avoid a border (of hsize) around edges of the image
if (mx >= hsize && mx < width - hsize &&
my >= hsize && my < height - hsize) {
for(int y = minY; y < maxY; y++){
for(int x = minX; x < maxX; x++){
// pick random x,y coordinates to sample a pixel from
int rx = (int)random(minX, maxX);
int ry = (int)random(minY, maxY);
// convert the 2D random coordinates to a 1D pixel[] index
int ri = rx + (ry * width);
// replace current pixel with randomly sampled pixel (within effect bbox)
pixels[x + (y * width)] = video.pixels[ri];
}
}
}
}
updatePixels();
}
(Note that the above isn't tested, but hopefully the point gets across)
I am using lis3mdl magnetometer in my quadcopter project to compensate gyroscope drift. Unfortunatelly Im having problems probably with calibrating.
Ive achive max and min values (what is weird they are 14 bits instead of 16) and calculated biases like that :
biases[i] = (MAX_VALUES[i]+MIN_VALUES[i])/2;
(where i represent each of 3 axis).
Ive substracted biases from raw values x = (double)new_x-biases[0]; (etc), and then wanted to calculate heading like that :
heading = atan2(x,y);
heading += declinationAngle;
where declination angle is calculated.
Outcome are angles (conversion from radians heading*(180/M_PI)), and it does change when Iam rotating quad in yaw axi, BUT when I am rotating it in roll and pitch axi value change either. I want to achive stable yaw value which does not change when Iam rotating object in other axis. Maybe some type of fusing with accelerometer?
I am not sure when Ive made mistake in my calculations...
Whole class:
class Magnetometer {
int x=0,y=0,z=0;
LIS3MDL mag;
int running_min[3] = {32767, 32767, 32767}, running_max[3] = {-32768, -32768, -32768};
double mag_norm = 0.0;
double declinationAngle = 0.0;
double heading=0.0;
const int MAX_VALUES[3] = {3014,3439,10246};
const int MIN_VALUES[3] = {-4746, -4110, 492};
double biases[3] = {0.0};
double scales[3] = {0.0};
double avg_scale = 0.0;
ButterworthDLPF xyz_filter[3];
double DLPF_ON = true;
const float sample_rate = MAG_SAMPLE_RATE;
const float cutoff_freq = 4.0;
public:
Magnetometer() {}
void Init() {
declinationAngle = (6.0 + (8.0 / 60.0)) / (180.0 / M_PI);
for(int i=0; i<3; i++) {
biases[i] = (MAX_VALUES[i]+MIN_VALUES[i])/2;
scales[i] = (MAX_VALUES[i]-MIN_VALUES[i])/2;
}
avg_scale = (scales[0]+scales[1]+scales[2])/3.0;
for(int i=0; i<3; i++) scales[i] = avg_scale / scales[i];
Serial.println("Turning on magnetometer. . .");
if(!mag.init()) {
Serial.println("Failed to detect magnetometer!");
ESP.restart();
}
mag.enableDefault();
//Calibrate();
for(int i=0; i<3; i++) xyz_filter[i].Init(sample_rate, cutoff_freq);
Serial.println("9DOF readdy!");
}
void Calibrate() {
delay(100);
while(true) {
mag.read();
if(running_max[0]<mag.m.x) running_max[0] = mag.m.x;
if(running_max[1]<mag.m.y) running_max[1] = mag.m.y;
if(running_max[2]<mag.m.z) running_max[2] = mag.m.z;
if(running_min[0]>mag.m.x) running_min[0] = mag.m.x;
if(running_min[1]>mag.m.y) running_min[1] = mag.m.y;
if(running_min[2]>mag.m.z) running_min[2] = mag.m.z;
Serial.println((String)running_max[0]+" "+(String)running_max[1]+" "+(String)running_max[2]+ " "+(String)running_min[0] +" "+(String)running_min[1]+" "+(String)running_min[2]);
delay(20);
}
}
void Update(){
mag.read();
xyz_filter[0].Update(mag.m.x);
xyz_filter[1].Update(mag.m.y);
xyz_filter[2].Update(mag.m.z);
//Serial.println(xyz_filter[0].getData());
/*x = ((double)xyz_filter[0].getData()-biases[0])*scales[0];
y = ((double)xyz_filter[1].getData()-biases[1])*scales[1];
z = ((double)xyz_filter[2].getData()-biases[2])*scales[2];*/
x = ((double)mag.m.x-biases[0])*scales[0];
y = ((double)mag.m.y-biases[1])*scales[1];
z = ((double)mag.m.z-biases[2])*scales[2];
CalculateHeading();
}
void CalculateHeading() {
heading = atan2(y,x);
heading += declinationAngle;
//if(heading<0) heading += 2*PI;
//else if(heading>2*PI) heading -= 2*PI;
heading=MOD(heading*(180/M_PI));
}
double GetHeading() {return heading;}
void ShowRawValues(bool names=false) {
if(names) Serial.print("X: "+(String)x+" Y: "+ (String)y+ " Z: " + (String)z);
else Serial.print((String)x+" "+ (String)y+ " " + (String)z);
}
};
I have a CustomPieView which is made of several pie slices. I have to draw something in the middle of every pie section.
//Inside Activity's onCreate Method
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
int size = 400;
int bgColor = 0xffa11b1;
ViewPieChart piechart = (ViewPieChart) findViewById(R.id.pieChartView);
piechart.setCallBack(this);
piechart.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(size, size));
piechart.setGeometry(size, size, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2130837504);
piechart.setSkinparams(bgColor);
piechart.setData(piedata, maxCount);
piechart.invalidate();
}
//CustomPieView extends View
public void setGeometry(int width, int height, int gapleft, int gapright, int gaptop, int gapbottom, int overlayid) {
mWidth = width;
mHeight = height;
mGapleft = gapleft;
mGapright = gapright;
mGapBottm = gapbottom;
mGapTop = gaptop;
}
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas){
canvas.drawColor(Color.DKGRAY);
mBagpaints.setAntiAlias(true);
mBagpaints.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
mBagpaints.setColor(0x88FF0000);
mBagpaints.setStrokeWidth(0.0f);
mLinePaints.setAntiAlias(true);
mLinePaints.setColor(Color.WHITE);
mLinePaints.setStrokeWidth(3.0f);
mLinePaints.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
sLinePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
sLinePaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
sLinePaint.setStrokeWidth(3.0f);
sLinePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
RectF mOvals = new RectF(mGapleft, mGapTop, mWidth - mGapright, mHeight
- mGapBottm);
mStart = START_INC;
PieDetailsItem item;
for (int i = 0; i < mdataArray.size(); i++) {
item = (PieDetailsItem) mdataArray.get(i);
mBagpaints.setColor(item.color);
mSweep = (float) 360* ((float) item.count / (float) mMaxConnection);
canvas.drawArc(mOvals, mStart, mSweep, true, mBagpaints);
canvas.drawArc(mOvals, mStart, mSweep, true, mLinePaints);
// The function below is setting the global vars
cSegX, cSegY to the center of the segment. Not Working!!
calculateMidPointOfPieSegment(mSweep);
canvas.drawPoint(cSegX, cSegY, sLinePaint);
mStart = mStart + mSweep;
}
mState = IS_DRAW;
callBack.onDrawFinished(null);
}
private float calculateRadius(){
float width = mWidth/2;
float height = mHeight/2;
if(width < height){
return width;
}else{
return height;
}
}
private void calculateMidPointOfPieSegment(float sweepAngle){
cSegX = (float)((calculateRadius()/2)*Math.cos(Math.toRadians(sweepAngle/2))+(mWidth/2));
cSegY = (float)((calculateRadius()/2)*Math.sin(Math.toRadians(sweepAngle/2))+(mHeight/2));
}
Just see the dots in the image below, it has to be in the center of every arc.
Screenshot
Ref.
Complete Source
Let me know if this clears it up. This is the basic logic you want to implement.
//rimPoint = (rX, rY)
//centerPoint = (cX,cY)
//theta is the angle of the the midpoint measured anticlockwise from the x axis,
//or the average of the two angles making up the slice(measured anticlockwise from
//the x axis)
private void calculateMidPointOfPieSegment(cX,cY, theta)
{
float rX = cX + calculateRadius()*(cos(theta))
float rY = cY + calculateRadius()*(sin(theta))
cSegX = (rX+cX)/2;
cCegY = (rY+cY)/2;
}
If theta isn't in radians, sub it out for theta*Math.PI/180
I'm currently going throught kind of a nightmare right now by trying to find the right formula to obtain a bounding box that correspond to my sprite orientation.
I KNOW ! There is a bunch of examples, solution, explanations on the internet, including here, on this site. But trust me, I've tried them all. I tried to just apply solutions, I tried to understand explanations, but every post gives a different solution and none of them work.
I'm obviously missing something important here...
So, basically, I have a sprite which texture is natively (20 width * 40 height) and located at (200,200) when starting the app. The sprite origin is a classic
_origin = new Vector2((float)_texture.Width / 2, (float)_texture.Height / 2);
So origin would return a (5.5;8) vector 2
By keyboard input, I can rotate this sprite. Default rotation is 0 or Key.Up. Then rotation 90 corresponds to Key.Right, 180 to Key.Down, and so on...
For the moment, there is no move involved, just rotation.
So here is my code to calculate the bounding rectangle:
public partial class Character : ICollide
{
private const int InternalRunSpeedBonus = 80;
private const int InternalSpeed = 80;
private Vector2 _origin;
private Texture2D _texture;
private Texture2D _axisBase;
private Texture2D _axisOrig;
public Character()
{
MoveData = new MoveWrapper { Rotation = 0f, Position = new Vector2(200, 200), Speed = new Vector2(InternalSpeed) };
}
public MoveWrapper MoveData { get; set; }
#region ICollide Members
public Rectangle Bounds
{
get { return MoveData.Bounds; }
}
public Texture2D Texture
{
get { return _texture; }
}
#endregion ICollide Members
public void Draw(SpriteBatch theSpriteBatch)
{
theSpriteBatch.Draw(_texture, MoveData.Position, null, Color.White, MoveData.Rotation, _origin, 1f, SpriteEffects.None, 0);//main sprite
theSpriteBatch.Draw(_axisOrig, MoveData.Position, null, Color.White, 0f, _origin, 1f, SpriteEffects.None, 0);//green
theSpriteBatch.Draw(_axisBase, MoveData.Position, null, Color.White, 0f, Vector2.Zero, 1f, SpriteEffects.None, 0);//red
}
public void Load(ContentManager theContentManager)
{
_texture = theContentManager.Load<Texture2D>("man");
_axisBase = theContentManager.Load<Texture2D>("axis");
_axisOrig = theContentManager.Load<Texture2D>("axisOrig");
_origin = new Vector2((float)_texture.Width / 2, (float)_texture.Height / 2);
}
public void MoveForward(GameTime theGameTime, KeyboardState aCurrentKeyboardState)
{
InternalMove(theGameTime, aCurrentKeyboardState);
}
private void InternalMove(GameTime theGameTime, KeyboardState aCurrentKeyboardState, bool forward = true)
{
//stuff to get the move wrapper data valorized (new position, speed, rotation, etc.)
MoveWrapper pm = MovementsHelper.Move(MoveData.Position, MoveData.Rotation, aCurrentKeyboardState, InternalSpeed,
InternalRunSpeedBonus, theGameTime, forward);
pm.Bounds = GetBounds(pm);
MoveData = pm;
}
public void MoveBackward(GameTime theGameTime, KeyboardState aCurrentKeyboardState)
{
InternalMove(theGameTime, aCurrentKeyboardState, false);
}
private Rectangle GetBounds(MoveWrapper pm)
{
return GetBoundingBox(pm, _texture.Width, _texture.Height);
}
public Rectangle GetBoundingBox(MoveWrapper w, int tWidth, int tHeight)
{
//1) get original bounding vectors
//upper left => same as position
Vector2 p1 = w.Position;
//upper right x = x0+width, y = same as position
Vector2 p2 = new Vector2(w.Position.X + tWidth, w.Position.Y);
//lower right x = x0+width, y = y0+height
Vector2 p3 = new Vector2(w.Position.X + tWidth, w.Position.Y + tHeight);
//lower left x = same as position,y = y0+height
Vector2 p4 = new Vector2(w.Position.X, w.Position.Y + tHeight);
//2) rotate all points given rotation and origin
Vector2 p1r = RotatePoint(p1, w);
Vector2 p2r = RotatePoint(p2, w);
Vector2 p3r = RotatePoint(p3, w);
Vector2 p4r = RotatePoint(p4, w);
//3) get vector2 bouding rectancle location
var minX = Math.Min(p1r.X, Math.Min(p2r.X, Math.Min(p3r.X, p4r.X)));
var maxX = Math.Max(p1r.X, Math.Max(p2r.X, Math.Max(p3r.X, p4r.X)));
//4) get bounding rectangle width and height
var minY = Math.Min(p1r.Y, Math.Min(p2r.Y, Math.Min(p3r.Y, p4r.Y)));
var maxY = Math.Max(p1r.Y, Math.Max(p2r.Y, Math.Max(p3r.Y, p4r.Y)));
var width = maxX - minX;
var height = maxY - minY;
// --> begin hack to get it work for 0,90,180,270 degrees
var origMod = new Vector2((float)tWidth / 2, (float)tHeight / 2);
var degree = (int)MathHelper.ToDegrees(w.Rotation);
if (degree == 0)
{
minX -= origMod.X;
minY -= origMod.Y;
}
else if (degree == 90)
{
minX += origMod.Y;
minY -= origMod.X;
}
else if (degree == 180)
{
minX += origMod.X;
minY += origMod.Y;
}
else if (degree == 270)
{
minX -= origMod.Y;
minY += origMod.X;
}
// end hack <--
return new Rectangle((int)minX, (int)minY, (int)width, (int)height);
}
public Vector2 RotatePoint(Vector2 p, MoveWrapper a)
{
var m = Matrix.CreateRotationZ(a.Rotation);
var refToWorldOrig = p - a.Position;
Vector2 rotatedVector = Vector2.Transform(refToWorldOrig, m);
var backToSpriteOrig = rotatedVector + a.Position;
return backToSpriteOrig;
//does not work
//var Origin = new Vector3(_origin, 0);
//var Position = new Vector3(p, 0);
//var m = Matrix.CreateTranslation(-Origin)
// * Matrix.CreateRotationZ(a.Rotation)
// * Matrix.CreateTranslation(Position);
//return Vector2.Transform(p, m);
}
}
The rotation paramter is MathHelper degree to radians result.
I have a function to draw a rectangle corresponding to the bounding box and I expect that bounding box to overlap exactly with my sprite, at least for 0,90,180 and 270 degrees angle rotations.
Instead I have strange coordinates after rotation calculation:
- when rotation to 90°, bounding box X is negative (so the box is not visible)
- when rotation to 180°, bounding box X and Y are negative (so the box is not visible)
- when rotation to 270°, bounding box Y is negative (so the box is not visible)
Can someone explain to me what I'm doing wrong, and do it like is was explaining to 3 year old child, because regarding Maths, this is what I am !!!
:)
EDIT : I have found a hack to make it work for 0, 90, 180, 270 degrees but now i'm stuck for intermediate positions (45,135,215, 325 degrees) which make me thinks that THERE MUST BE a way to compute all that stuff in one single formula that would work for any angle...
Finally found the way to make it work without the hack !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
public Vector2 RotatePoint(Vector2 p, MoveWrapper a)
{
var wm = Matrix.CreateTranslation(-a.Position.X - _origin.X, -a.Position.Y - _origin.Y, 0)//set the reference point to world reference taking origin into account
* Matrix.CreateRotationZ(a.Rotation) //rotate
* Matrix.CreateTranslation(a.Position.X, a.Position.Y, 0); //translate back
var rp = Vector2.Transform(p, wm);
return rp;
}
Bonus effect, this is even more precise (as my drawn guides seems to show) than my previous "hacky" method
I juste realized that this is pretty close as what Blau proposed except that my first translation set the reference back to world 0,0,0 minus the sprite origin. I Guess id did not understand the hint at that time...
You can rotate positions using the matrix struct.
Vector2 p1 = MoveData.Position;
var m = Matrix.CreateRotationZ(angleInRadians);
p1 = Vector2.Transform(p1, m);
if you want to rotate about an origin it should be:
var Origin = new Vector3(Origin2D, 0);
var Position = new Vector3(Position2D, 0);
var m = Matrix.CreateTranslation(-Origin)
* Matrix.CreateRotationZ(angleInRadians)
* Matrix.CreateTranslation(Position);
I am trying to implement a UI like this one..
http://www.shrenikvikam.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/214e422a43E11S3.png-150x134.png
But i am having some trouble implementing this.. Could someone tell me mistakes in this...
public class Meter extends View{
static final int ORBIT_COLOR = Color.argb(255, 66, 66, 66);
static final double RAD_CIRCLE = 2*Math.PI; // Number radians in a circle
private Paint paint; // Paint object controlling format of screen draws
private ShapeDrawable planet; // Planet symbol
private int planetRadius = 7; // Radius of spherical planet (pixels)
private int sunRadius = 12; // Radius of Sun (pixels)
private float X0 = 0; // X offset from center (pixels)
private float Y0 = 0; // Y offset from center (pixels)
private float X; // Current X position of planet (pixels)
private float Y; // Current Y position of planet (pixels)
private float centerX; // X for center of display (pixels)
private float centerY; // Y for center of display (pixels)
private float R0; // Radius of circular orbit (pixels)
private int nsteps = 120; // Number animation steps around circle
private double theta; // Angle around orbit (radians)
private double dTheta; // Angular increment each step (radians)
private double direction = -1; // Direction: counter-clockwise -1; clockwise +1
private float lastTouchX; // x coordinate of symbol i at last touch
private float lastTouchY; // x coordinate of symbol i at last touch
private int divisions = 120; // Since it requires temperature change from 0 -120
private double oneSegmentLength = (2 * Math.PI * R0)/(double)120;
public Meter(Context context) {
super(context);
// Initialize angle and angle step (in radians)
theta = 30;
//dTheta = RAD_CIRCLE/((double) nsteps); // Angle increment in radians
dTheta = ((360-60)/(double)divisions);
planet = new ShapeDrawable(new OvalShape());
planet.getPaint().setColor(Color.WHITE);
planet.setBounds(0, 0, 2*planetRadius, 2*planetRadius);
paint = new Paint();
paint.setAntiAlias(true);
paint.setTextSize(14);
paint.setStrokeWidth(1);
}
#Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
int action = ev.getAction();
switch (action) {
// MotionEvent class constant signifying a finger-down event
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: {
final float x = ev.getX();
final float y = ev.getY();
lastTouchX = x;
lastTouchY = y;
newXY();
break;
}
// MotionEvent class constant signifying a finger-drag event
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: {
float newX = ev.getX();
float newY = ev.getY();
float dx = newX - lastTouchX;
float dy = newY - lastTouchY;
int diff = (int) (Math.abs(ev.getX()) % Math.abs(oneSegmentLength));
if(diff == 0){
if(Math.abs(dx) > Math.abs(dy)) {
if(dx>0) direction = 1;
else direction = -1;
newXY();
} else {
newXY();
}
Log.d("MOVE", "dx ->" + dx + " one seg->" + oneSegmentLength);
invalidate();
}
break;
}
// MotionEvent class constant signifying a finger-up event
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: {
Log.d("ACTION MOVE","Value ->");
final float x = ev.getX();
final float y = ev.getY();
lastTouchX = x;
lastTouchY = y;
newXY();
break;
}
}
return true;
}
#Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
drawBackground(paint, canvas);
canvas.save();
canvas.translate(X + X0, Y + Y0);
planet.draw(canvas);
canvas.restore();
}
// Called by onDraw to draw the background
private void drawBackground(Paint paint, Canvas canvas){
paint.setColor(Color.YELLOW);
paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
canvas.drawCircle(centerX + X0, centerY + Y0, sunRadius, paint);
paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
paint.setColor(ORBIT_COLOR);
canvas.drawCircle(centerX + X0, centerY + Y0, R0, paint);
}
//Method to increment angle theta and compute the new X and Y .
private void newXY(){
theta += dTheta;
Log.d("THETA VAL", "->" + theta);
//if(theta > RAD_CIRCLE) theta -= RAD_CIRCLE; // For convenience, keep angle 0-2pi
if(theta > 150)theta = 30;
if(theta > 30 && theta <120){
X = (float)(R0*Math.sin(direction*theta)) + centerX - planetRadius;
Y = centerY - (float)(R0*Math.cos(direction*theta)) - planetRadius;
}
//Log.i("ANIMATOR", "X="+X+" Y="+Y);
}
#Override
protected void onSizeChanged (int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh){
// Coordinates for center of screen
centerX = w/2;
centerY = h/2;
// Make orbital radius a fraction of minimum of width and height of display
R0 = (float) (0.90*Math.min(centerX, centerY));
oneSegmentLength = (2 * Math.PI * R0)/(double)120;
// Set the initial position of the planet (translate by planetRadius so center of planet
// is at this position)
X = centerX - planetRadius ;
Y = centerY - R0 - planetRadius;
}
}
I am referring this code to do this implementation...
http://eagle.phys.utk.edu/guidry/android/animatorDemo.html
I am just drawing a circle and trying to implement the same motion between 0 -120 degrees..