WHERE ... IN query with sub-query in Doctrine queryBuilder or equivalent - symfony

Question

In my Symfony 4 project I have a User entity and a UserRepository.
I'm trying to implement the equivalent of this SQL query in the QueryBuilder(Doctrine 2) or even in DQL.
SELECT * FROM user WHERE account_manager_id IN (SELECT id FROM user WHERE account_manager_id = :managerAdminId AND roles LIKE '%ROLE_MANAGER%')
Or maybe use a different syntax.
I tried different things, but couldn't figure out how to write the WHERE ... IN with the sub-query.
This is all I could come up with, which I don't like because it fires multpiple queries for something I could do with a single one:
//App\Repository\UserRepository
public function getPublishersOfManagers($managerAdminId)
{
//SELECT * FROM user WHERE account_manager_id IN (SELECT id FROM user WHERE account_manager_id = :managerAdminId AND roles LIKE '%ROLE_MANAGER%')
$managerIds = $this->createQueryBuilder('u')
->select('u.id')
->where('u.roles LIKE :role')
->setParameter('role' , '%ROLE_MANAGER%')
->andWhere('u.accountManager = :managerAdminId')
->setParameter('managerAdminId' , $managerAdminId)
->getQuery()->getArrayResult();
$publishers = [];
foreach ($managerIds as $id) {
$publishers[] = $this->createQueryBuilder('u')
->select('u')
->where('u.roles LIKE :role')
->setParameter('role' , '%ROLE_PUBLISHER%')
->andWhere('u.accountManager = :managerAdminId')
->setParameter('managerAdminId' , $id)
->getQuery()->getResult();
}
return $publishers;
}

Answer 1

your query can be turned into something without a sub-query, but with a join instead, which should be equivalent (and should have the same runtime/complexity)
SELECT u
FROM user u
LEFT JOIN user am ON (am.id=u.accountManager)
WHERE am.roles LIKE '%ROLE_MANAGER%'
AND am.accountManager=:managerAdminId
AND u.roles LIKE '%ROLE_PUBLISHER%'
which can be translated into querybuilder accordingly (I have to assume, that you did not define your associations ... which I find disturbing, but you probably have your reasons):
return $this->createQueryBuilder('u')
->leftJoin('App\Entity\User', 'am', 'WITH', 'am.id=u.accountManager')
->andWhere('am.roles LIKE :role')
->setParameter('role', '%ROLE_MANAGER%')
->andWhere('am.accountManager = :managerAdminId')
->setParameter('managerAdminId', $managerAdminId)
->andWhere('u.roles LIKE :role2')
->setParameter('role2', '%ROLE_PUBLISHER%')
->getQuery()->getResult();
there is also the options of actually using sub-queries, but using sub-queries imho is always inconvenient - and ugly.
(you might have a look into writing just plain DQL queries, you might feel more at home ...?)

Answer 2

According to DQL query examples section within Doctrine's DQL documentation you need to either use EXISTS keyword within DQL query or use exists() method of Expr class.