I am using external style sheet more than one and internal css and also bootstrap predefined stylesheet. Now the problem is, I need 1 external style sheet would override all style sheets,internal css and inline css. how can i success it
You must use "!important" for your properties to override all styles
p {
padding: 10px !important;
}
There is precedence to css styling methods. Inline styles takes precedence over internal css (using <style></style> tags) and external css (using <link /> tag).
To force properties use !important keyword after your property value.
Example:
external.css
.home-page {
background-color: green !important;
}
PS: Check this question for more info:
What is the order of precedence for CSS?
You need to add/import external css which should override all the styles at the bottom. First add/import bootstrap, then add/import other css files, then your css file which should override others.
When Adding/Importing css files, order is important. The file you add/import at last will override the previous styles.
If something doesn't work as you expected, then give them important like this
h1 {
font-size: 25px !important;
}
In-line css rules always take precedence than other css rules/styles. In that case, you need to mark your rules with !important keyword.
There are several rules ( applied in this order ) :
inline css ( html style attribute ) overrides css rules in style tag and css file
a more specific selector takes precedence over a less specific one
rules that appear later in the code override earlier rules if both have the same specificity.
A css rule with !important always takes precedence.
Sourec: Details about precedence and css specificity is talked here
Related
I have a doubt do css rules in external stylesheet get overridden by the embedded or inline css rules even if they have higher specificity.
//external stylesheet
p { color: blue !important; }
//inline css rule
p#test { color:red; }
No important will lock the style completely (unless you use !important again somewhere to override), so you cant override it with inline style
From what I've read css styles overwrite each other depending on the order of inclusion. But I'm experiencing some strange behavior, shown in the picture:
It is clearly visible that default.css is included after base.css which would suppose that styles from default.css will overwrite styles from base.css. However this is not the case, as you see, the style from base.css persists and the style from default.css is being cancelled out. Why is that?
This is because CSS class selectors (e.g., .marginblock in your example) has a higher precedence than CSS type selectors (body in your example).
If your CSS were as follows, you would have the behavior you expect:
In base.css:
.marginblock {
margin: 0 auto;
}
In default.css:
.marginblock {
margin: 25px;
}
Here's more detail on the CSS order of precedence:
ID selectors
Attribute selectors
Class selectors
Child selectors
Adjacent sibling selectors
Descendant selectors
Type selectors
More information can be found here.
Your style from default.css has a more specific selector so will overwrite the base.css style. You may want to google how specificity points work in determining how css gets applied.
Can anybody explain what in reality do !important in css styles?
I when i lok on other site css sometimes they use it, but why? I'm not realy understending the !important "job" :D
Thank You...
The !important rule is a way to make your CSS cascade but also have the rules you
feel are most crucial always be applied. A rule that has the !important property
will always be applied no matter where that rule appears in the CSS document.
So if you wanted to make sure that a property always applied, you would add the !important property
to the tag.
So, to make the paragraph text always red, in the above example, you would write:
p { color: #ff0000 !important; }
p { color: #000000; }
Using !important in your CSS usually means you're narcissistic & selfish or lazy. Respect the devs to come...
More about this
More about this link 2
!important is a part of CSS1.
What is it?
!important overrides other styles that don't have it. Here is a basic order of priority for CSS:
Rules with !important
More specific rules
.classNameA .classNameB {} /* more specific */
.classNameB {}
The order of the rules
.classNameB {}
.classNameB {} /* takes priority */
Example
.classNameB .classNameA {
background-color: red;
}
.classNameA {
background-color: blue !important;
}
Despite .classNameA being more specific in the first rule, the background-color of .classNameA is blue because of !important.
Should you use it?
No, avoid it at all costs. Only ever use it if it's absolutely necessary and if you find yourself in a situation where it is, consider refactoring your CSS. The reason for this is because it's difficult to change your CSS when you have !important rules all over the place. It's also an indicator of bad CSS design.
Further reading
Smashing magazine - !important CSS Declarations: How and When to Use Them
CSS Tricks - When Using !important is The Right Choice
!important sets the priority on the css atributes. If you have two same CSS properties with some different values, one !important mark will set that priority as HIGH.
Normally, latter CSS declarations overrule earlier. So if you have declared, in the style sheet, a certain background color for a certain element, and the style block on the page itself, or an inline style, declares another background color for that element, the style block or inline style overrules the style sheet.
If you add !important to the declaration in the style sheet, that declaration is not overruled.
If in my webpage, i have all the three css defined for a div
Inline
Internal
external
I know that browser first looks for 1)Inline then for 2)Internal and last, it looks for external css.
but i want to call only external css, how it would be done?? Can i do it through !important or there is any other way?
There is no difference between internal and external style sheets. Which styles are applied depends on:
Specificity
Declaration order
Inline styles are the most specific, then identity rules (#), then class rules (.), then element rules.
For two rules that have the same specificity, for example div .main and span.title, both rules apply, but the one declared last takes over when they specify the same properties.
The only way to circumvent the precedence is to use !important.
Best thing to do is to put everything into an external css file.
If you must have inline styling then make sure you only have ones that aren't already defined
in your external stylesheet. i.e Dont duplicate/override styling. e.g, if you have the following in your css file:
div { padding: 5px; }
then dont have the following inline styling.
<div style="padding-right:2px;" />
Just put it into the css file
div { padding: 5px 2px 5px 5px; }
Like you said, you can use !important if you have to override a styling for just one page that doesn't apply to the other pages in your site.
1)Inline then for 2)Internal and last, it looks for external css.
No. There is no difference in priority between CSS included with <style> and CSS included with <link>.
but i want to call only external css, how it would be done??
You cannot cause CSS included via <style> or CSS included via the style attribute to be ignored.
Can i do it through !important or there is any other way?
You could apply !important to every rule and then hope that no rule included via <style> or style also has !important… but that way lies madness.
I have one stylesheet (layout.css) that imports the following CSS at the top of the style sheet:
#import "reset.css";
#import "typography.css";
#import "forms.css";
#import "fonts/fonts.css";
#import "tablecloth.css";
Everything seems to be in order apart from that blasted typography style sheet. What I mean by that is when I apply a style to, say, a paragraph, the only styles applied to it are taken from the tyopgraphy style sheet.
Example:
Applied in layout.css:
#three-col-container #right-col.filter p.more { color: #ff0000; font-size: 1.2em; }
What Inspector is telling me is applied (these styles are included in the typography style sheet):
p { font-size: 1em; color: #444; }
I've never came across this sort of inheritance issue. The other style sheets are working as expected.
Any suggestions welcome.
Thanks.
You could try using the !important flag on the end of the rule you want to override, before the semicolon.
This will make sure it's always applied, and so should override the inherited rule.
#three-col-container #right-col.filter p.more means:
Apply this style to paragraphs (p) which have the more class that are descendants of something which has the id right-col and class filter that is descendant of something with id three-col-container.
Is this right?
Are you sure that in the typography stylesheet the style rules don't have the !important flag at the end? Are you that the URL of that stylesheet is correct?
It might be a specificity issue??
I found this awhile ago that's helpful when trying to determine css inheritance rules:
Add 1 for each element (ex p and a) and pseudo-element (ex :before and :after);
add 10 for each attribute (ex [type=”text”]),
class and pseudo-class (ex :link or :hover;
And add 100 for each ID;
and add 1000 for an inline style.
So #three-col-container #right-col.filter p.more has 2 ID's, 2 classes and 1 element, so it has a weight of 221.
Is it possible that there might be another rule that has a higher weight that's overriding your rule? Are there any other styles being applied other than those two? (Or even javascript applying inline rules?)
I try and use either Firebug or the Chrome/Safari Developer tools to try and figure out what rules are coming from where. Typically it'll give you the name of the css and the line the rule is on, the overridden rules will have a strikethrough. Once I figure out what rules are taking precedence I can raise or lower the weight of the rule to make it inherit properly.
Hopefully that helps!