Piercing the Shadow Boundary with ViewEncapsulation.None on Host Element - css

I have been messing with ViewEncapsulation and ::ng-deep recently and ran into two separate issues which piqued my curiosity.
Suppose I have a component:
<div>
<tooltip></tooltip>
</div>
From the outside, I can style elements inside of tooltip by doing something like:
::ng-deep .tooltip-content {}
Because ::ng-deep is deprecated however, I began exploring alternatives. My first idea was to set ViewEncapsulation.None on the tooltip but then that would affect the rest of the front-end that used the tooltip. It wasn't a good option.
My second idea was to set ViewEncapsulation.None on the host element and then style the tooltip normally, without using ::ng-deep but instead, appending !important to the required styles.
How does this work though? If the tooltip retains its ViewEncapsulation, how am I still able to pierce the shadow boundary?

I use always ViewEncapsulation.None for reusable components. To avoid side-effect to rest of project, i use deep-nesting selector with name of component tag.
HTML:
<test-component>
<div class="test">
<tooltip></tooltip>
</div>
</test-component>
scss:
test-component{
.test { ... }
tooltip { ... }
}
with that all tooltip tag in test-component ha unique style with out any side effect

Related

Make Angular component stylesheet work with sub-components

I'm relatively new to Angular, and I have a doubt about component stylesheets.
I have an Angular 12 app and created a component named my-component. The template of the component in question is something like this:
my-component.html
<div>
...some html...
<some-other-angular-component></some-other-angular-component>
...some other html...
</div>
some-other-angular-component is another component, either from the app itself or a third party library.
Now, what I want to do in my-component is apply some CSS rules to the contents of some-other-angular-component. I know that the HTML it generates contains classes that I can target, so I tried to add this to my component CSS:
my-component.scss
.some-other-angular-component-inner-class {
background-color: red;
}
However, this doesn't work, it appears that the component's CSS file only applies rules to the HTML defined directly in the component's template, not the HTML generated by sub-components.
Is there a way to make this work? I find myself having to add my CSS to the webapp's main style.scss file, even when I want to apply the rule only to the particular some-other-angular-component instance inside of my-component. It makes styling confusing and needlessly fragmented. Is this intended, or what am I missing?
I think you may want to look into View Encapsulation.
#Component({
selector: 'app-no-encapsulation',
template: `
<h2>None</h2>
<div class="none-message">No encapsulation</div>
`,
styles: ['h2, .none-message { color: red; }'],
encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.None,
})
export class NoEncapsulationComponent { }
These styles will be added to head and will be applicable to other components as well if style rule matches.
Please note, with this you are only enabling this behaviour for just this component. Chances of overlapping CSS rules is still there but is lot less in comparison to directly putting styles in style.css.
I will also suggest that you add .class or #id attribute in mark up to ensure that your rules don't overlap by default.
For example:
.my-component .rule-one {
}
It will ensure that my rules are only applied are on component that has this class applied on it.

PrimeNg p-inputnumber cannot be styled

I am getting stuck trying to implement the PrimeNg Inputnumber element: https://www.primefaces.org/primeng/showcase/#/inputnumber
As per its documentation, there are a couple of attributes that can be used to style the input element, most notably styleClass and inputStyleClass. Unfortunately, neither of them work but rather they get completely ignored.
component.html:
<p-inputNumber
inputStyleClass="form-control-inputnumber" [(ngModel)]="subwinFld.orderAdd.doubleVal">
</p-inputNumber>
Global styles.css
.form-control-inputnumber {
background:red;
width: 100%;
}
I have used and successfully styled other primeNg elements before, using the exact same strategy, for example the p-calendar element. However, here it completely ignores the attribute.
What am I doing wrong?
Try to add :host ::ng-deep
Style are scoped, and there are not inherited by nesting.
:host ::ng-deep .form-control-inputnumber {
background:red;
width: 100%;
}
styleClass is the property that put the class on the first level of a PrimeNG Component.
inputStyleClass is the property that will put the class on the input itself for this specific component.
I often have to play with the style encapsulation with styleClass, so I believe it is the same for inputStyleClass
Word about ::ng-deep deprecation
Yes, for sure it is deprecated. To be totally fair, there is an alternative. But the alternative counterpart is huge and in my opinion, the big picture is worst.
You can make it work by changing your ViewEncapsulation in your component with :
encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.None
as follow
#Component({
selector: '',
template: '',
styles: [''],
encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.None // Use to disable CSS Encapsulation for this component
})
Reference 1 about alternatives and reasons of deprecation
Reference 2 about alternatives of ::ng-deep
The choice is yours, but for my part I continue to use this methodology with third party library like primeNG, because there is no real alternative.
You either choose to make your style global or your style scoped.
Kill the encapsulation for the sake of a third party library usage, seems to me an overkill process.
By making your ViewEncapsulation to none, you give up on style encapsulation, so beware of it.
HTML:
<p-inputNumber styleClass="input-styling"></p-inputNumber>
CSS:
::ng-deep .input-styling input {
width: 20px !important;
}
The cause for the missing styling was a runtime error in the typescript of the component, that prevented the correct compilation of the DOM.
I assumed that did not matter, since they should not be related at all, but they are (somehow). Since others may have the same erroneous assumption, I am leaving this question here, rather than deleting it.
Simply add
styleClass="w-full" to p-inputNumber tag to adjust 100% width or according style to reach desired width in reference to https://www.primefaces.org/primeflex/width
No encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.None is needed and no extra css classes/styling is required.

Styling angular material components from child components

HomeComponent templates includes a router outlet
/* home.component.ts */
...
<mat-sidenav-container>
<mat-sidenav-content>
<router-outlet></router-outlet>
</mat-sidenav-content>
</mat-sidenav-container>
that will render a ListComponent which style should set the overflow of mat-sidenav-content.
Why is the following not working?
/* list.component.css */
:host-context(mat-sidenav-content) { /* same for .mat-sidenav-content */
overflow: unset !important;
}
From my understanding the selector should pick any mat-sidenav-content traversing all the DOM to the root.
I'm afraid this isn't how :host-context works. Host context is for applying styles to the component host conditionally based on it's ancestors. In your example the list component should have overflow: unset but if there was another instance of it without mat-sidenav-content as an ancestor it would not have this. This can be useful for applying styles based on a theme as shown in the documentation here:
https://angular.io/guide/component-styles#host-context
I have included an example on stackblitz with your overflow css and I also set the text to be red in that case so it's more obvious and you can see how it applies to one and not the other. Unfortunately there is not a way to do what I believe you are trying to do which is apply a style to a parent when the component is inside that parent.
The example I have also has ::ng-deep in the other component for completeness, as I have seen used to apply styles to other components by some. I would recommend you stay away from this as well as this style will remain after being first applied(try going to that link and then back to list) and ::ng-deep is deprecated anyway.
https://stackblitz.com/edit/angular-material-sidenav-generate-nav-5fvfjq?file=src/app/list/list.component.css
Edit: The stackblitz has been updated to include an example of :host
It's better to think of the host element in HTML terms rather than as a component, so in the dom <app-list> is the host element rather than what's in the template. If you wanted to style stuff in there you wouldn't need to use :host. I've updated my stackblitz example to include host and if you inspect the css you might get a better idea of how it works.
The HTML looks like this
<app-list _nghost-qnl-c20="">
<p _ngcontent-qnl-c20=""> This text should be red only when inside mat-sidenav-content. The font family is set by host.
</p>
</app-list>
And the css:
mat-sidenav-content[_nghost-qnl-c20], mat-sidenav-content [_nghost-qnl-c20] {
color: red;
}
[_nghost-qnl-c20] {
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}
So you can see that host uses an attribute generated by angular and :host by itself is simply that attribute and :host-context(element) becomes element [attribute] in the css.

How to refer to an Angular component's full template setting CSS without referring to any tags?

My usual setup for each view is an outer DIV that I style as the base background etc.
<div class="outer">
<!-- Actual stuff in here -->
</div>
Then, in the SASS, I refer to it like so.
div.outer { ... }
That adds one lever of indent and seems like an unnecessary (though minor) increment in complexity. So I wonder if it's possible to add a style to the template itself. Partly, to lower the complexity. Partly, because I'm going to have text-only elements with no tags at all.
Is it possible to set the style of template from SASS files if there are no tags, only text in it?
You can apply styling to the component host element with the :host selector:
:host {
color: red;
}
See this stackblitz for a demo.

Overriding the encapsulated CSS of external component

I was wondering how to override the encapsulated CSS of an external component.
So I am using material2 in my project and the tabs component has a the attribute overflow set on tab-body. Is it possible to override the overflow value?
You can use the special css /deep/ instruction. See the documentation
So, if you have
app
sub-component
target-component
<div class="target-class">...</div>
You can put in your apps css (or less):
/deep/ .target-class {
width: 20px;
background: #ff0000;
}
Obviously, you can put this css fragment in sub-component as well.
From this article
Although the style of a component is well isolated, it can still be easily overridden if necessary. For that, we just need to add an attribute to the body of the page:
<body override>
<app></app>
</body>
The name of the attribute can be anything. No value is needed and the name override makes it apparent what its being used for. To override component styles, we can then do the following:
[override] hello-world h1 {
color:red;
}
Where override is the attribute, hello-world is the target component, and h1 is whatever you are trying to restyle. (get this right or it wont work).
Your component hello-world would be
selector: 'hello-world',
styles: [`
h1 {
color: blue;
}
`],
template: ` <h1>Hello world</h1> `
I think this is the most elegant way.
Alternatively if you are building a library of some sort, you can reset the styling altogether by doing something fancy in your css like:
:host-context(.custom-styles) {
//.. css here will only apply when there is a css class custom-styles in any parent elem
}
So then to use your component you'd use
<hello-world class="custom-styles">
But this is way less convenient than the first option.
::ng-deep .tag-or-css-class-you-want-to-override {
/* Add your custom css property value. */
}
The syntax ::ng-deep is used to override outside css class or tags without using ViewEncapsulation.None.
I see variations of this question a lot and since this is the top question on the subject I want to give the simplest answer. ng-deep and similar functionality is deprecated, so it's best to just rely on vanilla CSS.
Simply create a CSS selector with a higher specificity.
Most people (including myself) get hung up trying to do that because they don't understand two things:
Angular View Encapsulation
CSS Specificity
Angular View Encapsulation
View Encapsulation ensures CSS within a component only affects that component. To affect other components, you need some global CSS. You can do this by using a global style file like styles.css or by disabling View Encapsulation on a component.
#Component({
...
encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.None
})
CSS Specificity
When two selectors select the same element, the CSS that actually gets applied is based on specificity: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Specificity
You can increase specificity by simply adding more elements to your CSS selector. For example p.className is more specific than just .className. If you're lazy, you can just repeat a class name to increase specificity. .className.className is more specific than .className.
So to override any CSS in an Angular project, go into styles.css and repeat the class selector until your CSS has a higher specificity than the original.
.className.className.className {
color: red;
}
Didn't work? Add another .className.
Just check the class that is being applied to the tabs by the external component (use Inspector or any other tool). In your style css file, add the same name of the class for the tabs and set the overflow property along with adding !important to it to make sure it overwrites the previous one. Also make sure your css link to the page is added after the external component css link if any.
Hope this helps.
::ng-deep .css-class-you-want-to-override{
/*your custom css property value. like below */
background: white !important;
}

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