Partion of a vector to a list [duplicate] - r

I have to split a vector into n chunks of equal size in R. I couldn't find any base function to do that. Also Google didn't get me anywhere. Here is what I came up with so far;
x <- 1:10
n <- 3
chunk <- function(x,n) split(x, factor(sort(rank(x)%%n)))
chunk(x,n)
$`0`
[1] 1 2 3
$`1`
[1] 4 5 6 7
$`2`
[1] 8 9 10

A one-liner splitting d into chunks of size 20:
split(d, ceiling(seq_along(d)/20))
More details: I think all you need is seq_along(), split() and ceiling():
> d <- rpois(73,5)
> d
[1] 3 1 11 4 1 2 3 2 4 10 10 2 7 4 6 6 2 1 1 2 3 8 3 10 7 4
[27] 3 4 4 1 1 7 2 4 6 0 5 7 4 6 8 4 7 12 4 6 8 4 2 7 6 5
[53] 4 5 4 5 5 8 7 7 7 6 2 4 3 3 8 11 6 6 1 8 4
> max <- 20
> x <- seq_along(d)
> d1 <- split(d, ceiling(x/max))
> d1
$`1`
[1] 3 1 11 4 1 2 3 2 4 10 10 2 7 4 6 6 2 1 1 2
$`2`
[1] 3 8 3 10 7 4 3 4 4 1 1 7 2 4 6 0 5 7 4 6
$`3`
[1] 8 4 7 12 4 6 8 4 2 7 6 5 4 5 4 5 5 8 7 7
$`4`
[1] 7 6 2 4 3 3 8 11 6 6 1 8 4

chunk2 <- function(x,n) split(x, cut(seq_along(x), n, labels = FALSE))

A simplified version:
n = 3
split(x, sort(x%%n))
NB: This will only work on numeric vectors.

Using base R's rep_len:
x <- 1:10
n <- 3
split(x, rep_len(1:n, length(x)))
# $`1`
# [1] 1 4 7 10
#
# $`2`
# [1] 2 5 8
#
# $`3`
# [1] 3 6 9
And as already mentioned if you want sorted indices, simply:
split(x, sort(rep_len(1:n, length(x))))
# $`1`
# [1] 1 2 3 4
#
# $`2`
# [1] 5 6 7
#
# $`3`
# [1] 8 9 10

Try the ggplot2 function, cut_number:
library(ggplot2)
x <- 1:10
n <- 3
cut_number(x, n) # labels = FALSE if you just want an integer result
#> [1] [1,4] [1,4] [1,4] [1,4] (4,7] (4,7] (4,7] (7,10] (7,10] (7,10]
#> Levels: [1,4] (4,7] (7,10]
# if you want it split into a list:
split(x, cut_number(x, n))
#> $`[1,4]`
#> [1] 1 2 3 4
#>
#> $`(4,7]`
#> [1] 5 6 7
#>
#> $`(7,10]`
#> [1] 8 9 10

This will split it differently to what you have, but is still quite a nice list structure I think:
chunk.2 <- function(x, n, force.number.of.groups = TRUE, len = length(x), groups = trunc(len/n), overflow = len%%n) {
if(force.number.of.groups) {
f1 <- as.character(sort(rep(1:n, groups)))
f <- as.character(c(f1, rep(n, overflow)))
} else {
f1 <- as.character(sort(rep(1:groups, n)))
f <- as.character(c(f1, rep("overflow", overflow)))
}
g <- split(x, f)
if(force.number.of.groups) {
g.names <- names(g)
g.names.ordered <- as.character(sort(as.numeric(g.names)))
} else {
g.names <- names(g[-length(g)])
g.names.ordered <- as.character(sort(as.numeric(g.names)))
g.names.ordered <- c(g.names.ordered, "overflow")
}
return(g[g.names.ordered])
}
Which will give you the following, depending on how you want it formatted:
> x <- 1:10; n <- 3
> chunk.2(x, n, force.number.of.groups = FALSE)
$`1`
[1] 1 2 3
$`2`
[1] 4 5 6
$`3`
[1] 7 8 9
$overflow
[1] 10
> chunk.2(x, n, force.number.of.groups = TRUE)
$`1`
[1] 1 2 3
$`2`
[1] 4 5 6
$`3`
[1] 7 8 9 10
Running a couple of timings using these settings:
set.seed(42)
x <- rnorm(1:1e7)
n <- 3
Then we have the following results:
> system.time(chunk(x, n)) # your function
user system elapsed
29.500 0.620 30.125
> system.time(chunk.2(x, n, force.number.of.groups = TRUE))
user system elapsed
5.360 0.300 5.663
Note: Changing as.factor() to as.character() made my function twice as fast.

If you don't like split() and you don't like matrix() (with its dangling NAs), there's this:
chunk <- function(x, n) (mapply(function(a, b) (x[a:b]), seq.int(from=1, to=length(x), by=n), pmin(seq.int(from=1, to=length(x), by=n)+(n-1), length(x)), SIMPLIFY=FALSE))
Like split(), it returns a list, but it doesn't waste time or space with labels, so it may be more performant.

A few more variants to the pile...
> x <- 1:10
> n <- 3
Note, that you don't need to use the factor function here, but you still want to sort o/w your first vector would be 1 2 3 10:
> chunk <- function(x, n) split(x, sort(rank(x) %% n))
> chunk(x,n)
$`0`
[1] 1 2 3
$`1`
[1] 4 5 6 7
$`2`
[1] 8 9 10
Or you can assign character indices, vice the numbers in left ticks above:
> my.chunk <- function(x, n) split(x, sort(rep(letters[1:n], each=n, len=length(x))))
> my.chunk(x, n)
$a
[1] 1 2 3 4
$b
[1] 5 6 7
$c
[1] 8 9 10
Or you can use plainword names stored in a vector. Note that using sort to get consecutive values in x alphabetizes the labels:
> my.other.chunk <- function(x, n) split(x, sort(rep(c("tom", "dick", "harry"), each=n, len=length(x))))
> my.other.chunk(x, n)
$dick
[1] 1 2 3
$harry
[1] 4 5 6
$tom
[1] 7 8 9 10

Yet another possibility is the splitIndices function from package parallel:
library(parallel)
splitIndices(20, 3)
Gives:
[[1]]
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
[[2]]
[1] 8 9 10 11 12 13
[[3]]
[1] 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
NB: this works only with numeric values though. If you want to split a character vector, you would need to do some indexing: lapply(splitIndices(20, 3), \(x) letters[1:20][x])

You could combine the split/cut, as suggested by mdsummer, with quantile to create even groups:
split(x,cut(x,quantile(x,(0:n)/n), include.lowest=TRUE, labels=FALSE))
This gives the same result for your example, but not for skewed variables.

split(x,matrix(1:n,n,length(x))[1:length(x)])
perhaps this is more clear, but the same idea:
split(x,rep(1:n, ceiling(length(x)/n),length.out = length(x)))
if you want it ordered,throw a sort around it

Here's another variant.
NOTE: with this sample you're specifying the CHUNK SIZE in the second parameter
all chunks are uniform, except for the last;
the last will at worst be smaller, never bigger than the chunk size.
chunk <- function(x,n)
{
f <- sort(rep(1:(trunc(length(x)/n)+1),n))[1:length(x)]
return(split(x,f))
}
#Test
n<-c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11)
c<-chunk(n,5)
q<-lapply(c, function(r) cat(r,sep=",",collapse="|") )
#output
1,2,3,4,5,|6,7,8,9,10,|11,|

I needed the same function and have read the previous solutions, however i also needed to have the unbalanced chunk to be at the end i.e if i have 10 elements to split them into vectors of 3 each, then my result should have vectors with 3,3,4 elements respectively. So i used the following (i left the code unoptimised for readability, otherwise no need to have many variables):
chunk <- function(x,n){
numOfVectors <- floor(length(x)/n)
elementsPerVector <- c(rep(n,numOfVectors-1),n+length(x) %% n)
elemDistPerVector <- rep(1:numOfVectors,elementsPerVector)
split(x,factor(elemDistPerVector))
}
set.seed(1)
x <- rnorm(10)
n <- 3
chunk(x,n)
$`1`
[1] -0.6264538 0.1836433 -0.8356286
$`2`
[1] 1.5952808 0.3295078 -0.8204684
$`3`
[1] 0.4874291 0.7383247 0.5757814 -0.3053884

Simple function for splitting a vector by simply using indexes - no need to over complicate this
vsplit <- function(v, n) {
l = length(v)
r = l/n
return(lapply(1:n, function(i) {
s = max(1, round(r*(i-1))+1)
e = min(l, round(r*i))
return(v[s:e])
}))
}

Sorry if this answer comes so late, but maybe it can be useful for someone else. Actually there is a very useful solution to this problem, explained at the end of ?split.
> testVector <- c(1:10) #I want to divide it into 5 parts
> VectorList <- split(testVector, 1:5)
> VectorList
$`1`
[1] 1 6
$`2`
[1] 2 7
$`3`
[1] 3 8
$`4`
[1] 4 9
$`5`
[1] 5 10

Credit to #Sebastian for this function
chunk <- function(x,y){
split(x, factor(sort(rank(row.names(x))%%y)))
}

If you don't like split() and you don't mind NAs padding out your short tail:
chunk <- function(x, n) { if((length(x)%%n)==0) {return(matrix(x, nrow=n))} else {return(matrix(append(x, rep(NA, n-(length(x)%%n))), nrow=n))} }
The columns of the returned matrix ([,1:ncol]) are the droids you are looking for.

I need a function that takes the argument of a data.table (in quotes) and another argument that is the upper limit on the number of rows in the subsets of that original data.table. This function produces whatever number of data.tables that upper limit allows for:
library(data.table)
split_dt <- function(x,y)
{
for(i in seq(from=1,to=nrow(get(x)),by=y))
{df_ <<- get(x)[i:(i + y)];
assign(paste0("df_",i),df_,inherits=TRUE)}
rm(df_,inherits=TRUE)
}
This function gives me a series of data.tables named df_[number] with the starting row from the original data.table in the name. The last data.table can be short and filled with NAs so you have to subset that back to whatever data is left. This type of function is useful because certain GIS software have limits on how many address pins you can import, for example. So slicing up data.tables into smaller chunks may not be recommended, but it may not be avoidable.

I have come up with this solution:
require(magrittr)
create.chunks <- function(x, elements.per.chunk){
# plain R version
# split(x, rep(seq_along(x), each = elements.per.chunk)[seq_along(x)])
# magrittr version - because that's what people use now
x %>% seq_along %>% rep(., each = elements.per.chunk) %>% extract(seq_along(x)) %>% split(x, .)
}
create.chunks(letters[1:10], 3)
$`1`
[1] "a" "b" "c"
$`2`
[1] "d" "e" "f"
$`3`
[1] "g" "h" "i"
$`4`
[1] "j"
The key is to use the seq(each = chunk.size) parameter so make it work. Using seq_along acts like rank(x) in my previous solution, but is actually able to produce the correct result with duplicated entries.

Here's yet another one, allowing you to control if you want the result ordered or not:
split_to_chunks <- function(x, n, keep.order=TRUE){
if(keep.order){
return(split(x, sort(rep(1:n, length.out = length(x)))))
}else{
return(split(x, rep(1:n, length.out = length(x))))
}
}
split_to_chunks(x = 1:11, n = 3)
$`1`
[1] 1 2 3 4
$`2`
[1] 5 6 7 8
$`3`
[1] 9 10 11
split_to_chunks(x = 1:11, n = 3, keep.order=FALSE)
$`1`
[1] 1 4 7 10
$`2`
[1] 2 5 8 11
$`3`
[1] 3 6 9

Not sure if this answers OP's question, but I think the %% can be useful here
df # some data.frame
N_CHUNKS <- 10
I_VEC <- 1:nrow(df)
df_split <- split(df, sort(I_VEC %% N_CHUNKS))

This splits into chunks of size ⌊n/k⌋+1 or ⌊n/k⌋ and does not use the O(n log n) sort.
get_chunk_id<-function(n, k){
r <- n %% k
s <- n %/% k
i<-seq_len(n)
1 + ifelse (i <= r * (s+1), (i-1) %/% (s+1), r + ((i - r * (s+1)-1) %/% s))
}
split(1:10, get_chunk_id(10,3))

Related

Applying a function over batches of links - splitting a character vector into subsets [duplicate]

I have to split a vector into n chunks of equal size in R. I couldn't find any base function to do that. Also Google didn't get me anywhere. Here is what I came up with so far;
x <- 1:10
n <- 3
chunk <- function(x,n) split(x, factor(sort(rank(x)%%n)))
chunk(x,n)
$`0`
[1] 1 2 3
$`1`
[1] 4 5 6 7
$`2`
[1] 8 9 10
A one-liner splitting d into chunks of size 20:
split(d, ceiling(seq_along(d)/20))
More details: I think all you need is seq_along(), split() and ceiling():
> d <- rpois(73,5)
> d
[1] 3 1 11 4 1 2 3 2 4 10 10 2 7 4 6 6 2 1 1 2 3 8 3 10 7 4
[27] 3 4 4 1 1 7 2 4 6 0 5 7 4 6 8 4 7 12 4 6 8 4 2 7 6 5
[53] 4 5 4 5 5 8 7 7 7 6 2 4 3 3 8 11 6 6 1 8 4
> max <- 20
> x <- seq_along(d)
> d1 <- split(d, ceiling(x/max))
> d1
$`1`
[1] 3 1 11 4 1 2 3 2 4 10 10 2 7 4 6 6 2 1 1 2
$`2`
[1] 3 8 3 10 7 4 3 4 4 1 1 7 2 4 6 0 5 7 4 6
$`3`
[1] 8 4 7 12 4 6 8 4 2 7 6 5 4 5 4 5 5 8 7 7
$`4`
[1] 7 6 2 4 3 3 8 11 6 6 1 8 4
chunk2 <- function(x,n) split(x, cut(seq_along(x), n, labels = FALSE))
A simplified version:
n = 3
split(x, sort(x%%n))
NB: This will only work on numeric vectors.
Using base R's rep_len:
x <- 1:10
n <- 3
split(x, rep_len(1:n, length(x)))
# $`1`
# [1] 1 4 7 10
#
# $`2`
# [1] 2 5 8
#
# $`3`
# [1] 3 6 9
And as already mentioned if you want sorted indices, simply:
split(x, sort(rep_len(1:n, length(x))))
# $`1`
# [1] 1 2 3 4
#
# $`2`
# [1] 5 6 7
#
# $`3`
# [1] 8 9 10
Try the ggplot2 function, cut_number:
library(ggplot2)
x <- 1:10
n <- 3
cut_number(x, n) # labels = FALSE if you just want an integer result
#> [1] [1,4] [1,4] [1,4] [1,4] (4,7] (4,7] (4,7] (7,10] (7,10] (7,10]
#> Levels: [1,4] (4,7] (7,10]
# if you want it split into a list:
split(x, cut_number(x, n))
#> $`[1,4]`
#> [1] 1 2 3 4
#>
#> $`(4,7]`
#> [1] 5 6 7
#>
#> $`(7,10]`
#> [1] 8 9 10
This will split it differently to what you have, but is still quite a nice list structure I think:
chunk.2 <- function(x, n, force.number.of.groups = TRUE, len = length(x), groups = trunc(len/n), overflow = len%%n) {
if(force.number.of.groups) {
f1 <- as.character(sort(rep(1:n, groups)))
f <- as.character(c(f1, rep(n, overflow)))
} else {
f1 <- as.character(sort(rep(1:groups, n)))
f <- as.character(c(f1, rep("overflow", overflow)))
}
g <- split(x, f)
if(force.number.of.groups) {
g.names <- names(g)
g.names.ordered <- as.character(sort(as.numeric(g.names)))
} else {
g.names <- names(g[-length(g)])
g.names.ordered <- as.character(sort(as.numeric(g.names)))
g.names.ordered <- c(g.names.ordered, "overflow")
}
return(g[g.names.ordered])
}
Which will give you the following, depending on how you want it formatted:
> x <- 1:10; n <- 3
> chunk.2(x, n, force.number.of.groups = FALSE)
$`1`
[1] 1 2 3
$`2`
[1] 4 5 6
$`3`
[1] 7 8 9
$overflow
[1] 10
> chunk.2(x, n, force.number.of.groups = TRUE)
$`1`
[1] 1 2 3
$`2`
[1] 4 5 6
$`3`
[1] 7 8 9 10
Running a couple of timings using these settings:
set.seed(42)
x <- rnorm(1:1e7)
n <- 3
Then we have the following results:
> system.time(chunk(x, n)) # your function
user system elapsed
29.500 0.620 30.125
> system.time(chunk.2(x, n, force.number.of.groups = TRUE))
user system elapsed
5.360 0.300 5.663
Note: Changing as.factor() to as.character() made my function twice as fast.
If you don't like split() and you don't like matrix() (with its dangling NAs), there's this:
chunk <- function(x, n) (mapply(function(a, b) (x[a:b]), seq.int(from=1, to=length(x), by=n), pmin(seq.int(from=1, to=length(x), by=n)+(n-1), length(x)), SIMPLIFY=FALSE))
Like split(), it returns a list, but it doesn't waste time or space with labels, so it may be more performant.
A few more variants to the pile...
> x <- 1:10
> n <- 3
Note, that you don't need to use the factor function here, but you still want to sort o/w your first vector would be 1 2 3 10:
> chunk <- function(x, n) split(x, sort(rank(x) %% n))
> chunk(x,n)
$`0`
[1] 1 2 3
$`1`
[1] 4 5 6 7
$`2`
[1] 8 9 10
Or you can assign character indices, vice the numbers in left ticks above:
> my.chunk <- function(x, n) split(x, sort(rep(letters[1:n], each=n, len=length(x))))
> my.chunk(x, n)
$a
[1] 1 2 3 4
$b
[1] 5 6 7
$c
[1] 8 9 10
Or you can use plainword names stored in a vector. Note that using sort to get consecutive values in x alphabetizes the labels:
> my.other.chunk <- function(x, n) split(x, sort(rep(c("tom", "dick", "harry"), each=n, len=length(x))))
> my.other.chunk(x, n)
$dick
[1] 1 2 3
$harry
[1] 4 5 6
$tom
[1] 7 8 9 10
Yet another possibility is the splitIndices function from package parallel:
library(parallel)
splitIndices(20, 3)
Gives:
[[1]]
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
[[2]]
[1] 8 9 10 11 12 13
[[3]]
[1] 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
NB: this works only with numeric values though. If you want to split a character vector, you would need to do some indexing: lapply(splitIndices(20, 3), \(x) letters[1:20][x])
You could combine the split/cut, as suggested by mdsummer, with quantile to create even groups:
split(x,cut(x,quantile(x,(0:n)/n), include.lowest=TRUE, labels=FALSE))
This gives the same result for your example, but not for skewed variables.
split(x,matrix(1:n,n,length(x))[1:length(x)])
perhaps this is more clear, but the same idea:
split(x,rep(1:n, ceiling(length(x)/n),length.out = length(x)))
if you want it ordered,throw a sort around it
Here's another variant.
NOTE: with this sample you're specifying the CHUNK SIZE in the second parameter
all chunks are uniform, except for the last;
the last will at worst be smaller, never bigger than the chunk size.
chunk <- function(x,n)
{
f <- sort(rep(1:(trunc(length(x)/n)+1),n))[1:length(x)]
return(split(x,f))
}
#Test
n<-c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11)
c<-chunk(n,5)
q<-lapply(c, function(r) cat(r,sep=",",collapse="|") )
#output
1,2,3,4,5,|6,7,8,9,10,|11,|
I needed the same function and have read the previous solutions, however i also needed to have the unbalanced chunk to be at the end i.e if i have 10 elements to split them into vectors of 3 each, then my result should have vectors with 3,3,4 elements respectively. So i used the following (i left the code unoptimised for readability, otherwise no need to have many variables):
chunk <- function(x,n){
numOfVectors <- floor(length(x)/n)
elementsPerVector <- c(rep(n,numOfVectors-1),n+length(x) %% n)
elemDistPerVector <- rep(1:numOfVectors,elementsPerVector)
split(x,factor(elemDistPerVector))
}
set.seed(1)
x <- rnorm(10)
n <- 3
chunk(x,n)
$`1`
[1] -0.6264538 0.1836433 -0.8356286
$`2`
[1] 1.5952808 0.3295078 -0.8204684
$`3`
[1] 0.4874291 0.7383247 0.5757814 -0.3053884
Simple function for splitting a vector by simply using indexes - no need to over complicate this
vsplit <- function(v, n) {
l = length(v)
r = l/n
return(lapply(1:n, function(i) {
s = max(1, round(r*(i-1))+1)
e = min(l, round(r*i))
return(v[s:e])
}))
}
Sorry if this answer comes so late, but maybe it can be useful for someone else. Actually there is a very useful solution to this problem, explained at the end of ?split.
> testVector <- c(1:10) #I want to divide it into 5 parts
> VectorList <- split(testVector, 1:5)
> VectorList
$`1`
[1] 1 6
$`2`
[1] 2 7
$`3`
[1] 3 8
$`4`
[1] 4 9
$`5`
[1] 5 10
Credit to #Sebastian for this function
chunk <- function(x,y){
split(x, factor(sort(rank(row.names(x))%%y)))
}
If you don't like split() and you don't mind NAs padding out your short tail:
chunk <- function(x, n) { if((length(x)%%n)==0) {return(matrix(x, nrow=n))} else {return(matrix(append(x, rep(NA, n-(length(x)%%n))), nrow=n))} }
The columns of the returned matrix ([,1:ncol]) are the droids you are looking for.
I need a function that takes the argument of a data.table (in quotes) and another argument that is the upper limit on the number of rows in the subsets of that original data.table. This function produces whatever number of data.tables that upper limit allows for:
library(data.table)
split_dt <- function(x,y)
{
for(i in seq(from=1,to=nrow(get(x)),by=y))
{df_ <<- get(x)[i:(i + y)];
assign(paste0("df_",i),df_,inherits=TRUE)}
rm(df_,inherits=TRUE)
}
This function gives me a series of data.tables named df_[number] with the starting row from the original data.table in the name. The last data.table can be short and filled with NAs so you have to subset that back to whatever data is left. This type of function is useful because certain GIS software have limits on how many address pins you can import, for example. So slicing up data.tables into smaller chunks may not be recommended, but it may not be avoidable.
I have come up with this solution:
require(magrittr)
create.chunks <- function(x, elements.per.chunk){
# plain R version
# split(x, rep(seq_along(x), each = elements.per.chunk)[seq_along(x)])
# magrittr version - because that's what people use now
x %>% seq_along %>% rep(., each = elements.per.chunk) %>% extract(seq_along(x)) %>% split(x, .)
}
create.chunks(letters[1:10], 3)
$`1`
[1] "a" "b" "c"
$`2`
[1] "d" "e" "f"
$`3`
[1] "g" "h" "i"
$`4`
[1] "j"
The key is to use the seq(each = chunk.size) parameter so make it work. Using seq_along acts like rank(x) in my previous solution, but is actually able to produce the correct result with duplicated entries.
Here's yet another one, allowing you to control if you want the result ordered or not:
split_to_chunks <- function(x, n, keep.order=TRUE){
if(keep.order){
return(split(x, sort(rep(1:n, length.out = length(x)))))
}else{
return(split(x, rep(1:n, length.out = length(x))))
}
}
split_to_chunks(x = 1:11, n = 3)
$`1`
[1] 1 2 3 4
$`2`
[1] 5 6 7 8
$`3`
[1] 9 10 11
split_to_chunks(x = 1:11, n = 3, keep.order=FALSE)
$`1`
[1] 1 4 7 10
$`2`
[1] 2 5 8 11
$`3`
[1] 3 6 9
Not sure if this answers OP's question, but I think the %% can be useful here
df # some data.frame
N_CHUNKS <- 10
I_VEC <- 1:nrow(df)
df_split <- split(df, sort(I_VEC %% N_CHUNKS))
This splits into chunks of size ⌊n/k⌋+1 or ⌊n/k⌋ and does not use the O(n log n) sort.
get_chunk_id<-function(n, k){
r <- n %% k
s <- n %/% k
i<-seq_len(n)
1 + ifelse (i <= r * (s+1), (i-1) %/% (s+1), r + ((i - r * (s+1)-1) %/% s))
}
split(1:10, get_chunk_id(10,3))

Recursively apply function to list elements

Using the rmatio package, I get nested lists similar to the following:
nestedlist <- list(
a = list( a = list(1:10), b = list(35)),
b = list(11:25)
)
Ideally, I want it to look like this (all lists with a single unnamed element replaced by the element):
nestedlist <- list(a = list(a=1:10, b=35), b = 11:25)
I tried the already tried the following:
unlist(nestedlist) # returns one vector with all elements
selective_unlist <- function(e)
if(is.list(e) &&is.null(names(e))) unlist(e) else e
# only calls the function with each leaf, so nothing gets replaced
rapply(nestedlist, how='replace', selective_unlist)
# works, but only for 2 levels
lapply(nestedlist, selective_unlist)
# works, but using explicit recursion is slow for large datasets
recursive_selective_unlist <- function(e)
if(is.list(e)) {
if(is.null(names(e))) unlist(e)
else lapply(e, recursive_selective_unlist)
} else e
Is there a better/faster way to simplify these nested lists or is the recursive function my best bet?
Following #Pafnucy's idea, I'd use
ff <- function(x) if (is.list(x[[1]])) lapply(x,ff) else unlist(x)
which does
ff(nestedlist)
# $a
# $a$a
# [1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
#
# $a$b
# [1] 35
#
#
# $b
# [1] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
# check result:
identical(list(a = list(a=1:10, b=35), b = 11:25),ff(nestedlist))
# [1] TRUE
Handling arbitrary depth of nesting:
f <- function(x) {
if (is.list(x)) unname(c(sapply(unlist(x), f))) else x
}
# sample data
nl2 <- list(a = list(a = list(1:5), b = list(1:5)))
nl3 <- list(p = nl2, q = c(9,9,9))
Intermediate output:
> f(nl2)
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
> f(nl3)
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 9 9 9
Adding last step, as f goes too deep and we want list with depth 1
unstackList <- function(x) lapply(x, f)
unstackList(nl3)
Output:
$p
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
$q
[1] 9 9 9

storing results of a for function in list or

add <- c( 2,3,4)
for (i in add){
a <- i +3
b <- a + 3
z <- a + b
print(z)
}
# Result
[1] 13
[1] 15
[1] 17
In R, it can print the result, but I want to save the results for further computation in a vector, data frame or list
Thanks in advance
Try something like:
add <- c(2, 3, 4)
z <- rep(0, length(add))
idx = 1
for(i in add) {
a <- i + 3
b <- a + 3
z[idx] <- a + b
idx <- idx + 1
}
print(z)
This is simple algebra, no need in a for loop at all
res <- (add + 3)*2 + 3
res
## [1] 13 15 17
Or if you want a data.frame
data.frame(a = add + 3, b = add + 6, c = (add + 3)*2 + 3)
# a b c
# 1 5 8 13
# 2 6 9 15
# 3 7 10 17
Though in general, when you are trying to something like that, it is better to create a function, for example
myfunc <- function(x) {
a <- x + 3
b <- a + 3
z <- a + b
z
}
myfunc(add)
## [1] 13 15 17
In cases when a loop is actually needed (unlike in your example) and you want to store its results, it is better to use *apply family for such tasks. For example, use lapply if you want a list back
res <- lapply(add, myfunc)
res
# [[1]]
# [1] 13
#
# [[2]]
# [1] 15
#
# [[3]]
# [1] 17
Or use sapply if you want a vector back
res <- sapply(add, myfunc)
res
## [1] 13 15 17
For a data.frame to keep all the info
add <- c( 2,3,4)
results <- data.frame()
for (i in add){
a <- i +3
b <- a + 3
z <- a + b
#print(z)
results <- rbind(results, cbind(a,b,z))
}
results
a b z
1 5 8 13
2 6 9 15
3 7 10 17
If you just want z then use a vector, no need for lists
add <- c( 2,3,4)
results <- vector()
for (i in add){
a <- i +3
b <- a + 3
z <- a + b
#print(z)
results <- c(results, z)
}
results
[1] 13 15 17
It might be instructive to compare these two results with those of #dugar:
> sapply(add, function(x) c(a=x+3, b=a+3, z=a+b) )
[,1] [,2] [,3]
a 5 6 7
b 10 10 10
z 17 17 17
That is the result of lazy evaluation and sometimes trips us up when computing with intermediate values. This next one should give a slightly more expected result:
> sapply(add, function(x) c(a=x+3, b=(x+3)+3, z=(x+3)+((x+3)+3)) )
[,1] [,2] [,3]
a 5 6 7
b 8 9 10
z 13 15 17
Those results are the transpose of #dugar. Using sapply or lapply often saves you the effort off setting up a zeroth case object and then incrementing counters.
> lapply(add, function(x) c(a=x+3, b=(x+3)+3, z=(x+3)+((x+3)+3)) )
[[1]]
a b z
5 8 13
[[2]]
a b z
6 9 15
[[3]]
a b z
7 10 17

Find consecutive sub-vectors of length k out of a numeric vector which satisfy a given condition

I have a numeric vector in R, say
v= c(2,3,5,6,7,6,3,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,6,1,1,2,5,6,7,11,2,3,4)
Now, I have to find all the consecutive sub-vector of size 4 out of it with the condition that each element of the sub-vector must be greater than 2 and all sub-vector must be disjoint in the sense that non of the two sub-vector can contain same index element. So my output will be:
(3,5,6,7),(3,4,5,7),(5,6,7,11)
Edited:
Other examples for illustration purpose: for,
v=c(3,3,3,3,1,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3)
output will be :
(3,3,3,3), (3,3,3,3),(3,3,3,3).
and for,
v= c(2,3,5,5,7,6,3,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,6,1,1,2,5,6,7,11,2,3,4)
output will be
(3,5,5,7),(3,4,5,7),(5,6,7,11)
The second condition on the output simply says that if we found any sub- array say (v[m],v[m+1],v[m+2],v[m+3]) with each element greater than > 2 then it will goes into my output and the next sub-array can only be start from v[m+4](if possible)
This solution uses embed() to create a matrix of lags and then extracts the desired rows from this matrix:
v <- c(2,3,5,6,7,6,3,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,6,1,1,2,5,6,7,11,2,3,4)
e <- embed(v, 4)
ret <- which(
apply(e, 1, function(x)all(x > 2)) &
apply(e, 1, function(x)length(unique(x)) == 4)
)
rows <- ret[c(1, 1 + which(diff(ret) > 4))]
e[rows, 4:1]
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
[1,] 3 5 6 7
[2,] 3 4 5 7
[3,] 5 6 7 11
Try:
fun1 <- function(vec, n, cond1) {
lst1 <- lapply(1:(length(vec) - n+1), function(i) {
x1 <- vec[i:(i + (n-1))]
if (all(diff(x1) >= 0) & all(x1 > cond1))
x1
})
indx <- which(sapply(lst1, length) == n)
indx2 <- unlist(lapply(split(indx, cumsum(c(TRUE, diff(indx) != 1))), function(x) x[seq(1,
length(x), by = n-1)]))
lst1[indx2]
}
v1 <- c(3,3,3,3,1,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3)
v2 <- c(2,3,5,5,7,6,3,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,6,1,1,2,5,6,7,11,2,3,4)
v3 <- c(2,3,5,6,7,6,3,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,6,1,1,2,5,6,7,11,2,3,4)
fun1(v1,4,2)
#[[1]]
#[1] 3 3 3 3
#[[2]]
#[1] 3 3 3 3
#[[3]]
#[1] 3 3 3 3
fun1(v2,4,2)
#[[1]]
#[1] 3 5 5 7
#[[2]]
#[1] 3 4 5 7
#[[3]]
#[1] 5 6 7 11
fun1(v3,4,2)
#[[1]]
#[1] 3 5 6 7
#[[2]]
#[1] 3 4 5 7
#[[3]]
#[1] 5 6 7 11
Here is another idea based on rle:
ff = function(x, size, thres)
{
valid_subsets = sapply(head(seq_along(x), -(size - 1)),
function(i) all(x[i:(i + (size - 1))] > thres))
r = rle(valid_subsets)
lapply(unlist(mapply(function(a, b) a + (seq_len(b) - 1) * size,
(cumsum(r$lengths) - r$lengths + 1)[which(r$values)],
(r$lengths[which(r$values)] + size - 1) %/% size)),
function(i) x[i:(i + (size - 1))])
}
ff(c(3,3,3,3,1,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3), 4, 2)
ff(c(2,3,5,6,7,6,3,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,6,1,1,2,5,6,7,11,2,3,4), 4, 2)
Testing on another vector (I assume this is the correct output):
set.seed(4); xx = sample(1:10, 20, T)
xx
# [1] 6 1 3 3 9 3 8 10 10 1 8 3 2 10 5 5 10 6 10 8
ff(xx, 4, 2)
#[[1]]
#[1] 3 3 9 3
#
#[[2]]
#[1] 10 5 5 10
Unless I'm missing something, on "xx" (as well as on other cases) the other posted answers do not seem to work:
fun1(xx, 4, 2)
#[[1]]
#[1] 3 8 10 10
#e[rows, 4:1]
#[1] 9 3 8 10

Split a vector into chunks

I have to split a vector into n chunks of equal size in R. I couldn't find any base function to do that. Also Google didn't get me anywhere. Here is what I came up with so far;
x <- 1:10
n <- 3
chunk <- function(x,n) split(x, factor(sort(rank(x)%%n)))
chunk(x,n)
$`0`
[1] 1 2 3
$`1`
[1] 4 5 6 7
$`2`
[1] 8 9 10
A one-liner splitting d into chunks of size 20:
split(d, ceiling(seq_along(d)/20))
More details: I think all you need is seq_along(), split() and ceiling():
> d <- rpois(73,5)
> d
[1] 3 1 11 4 1 2 3 2 4 10 10 2 7 4 6 6 2 1 1 2 3 8 3 10 7 4
[27] 3 4 4 1 1 7 2 4 6 0 5 7 4 6 8 4 7 12 4 6 8 4 2 7 6 5
[53] 4 5 4 5 5 8 7 7 7 6 2 4 3 3 8 11 6 6 1 8 4
> max <- 20
> x <- seq_along(d)
> d1 <- split(d, ceiling(x/max))
> d1
$`1`
[1] 3 1 11 4 1 2 3 2 4 10 10 2 7 4 6 6 2 1 1 2
$`2`
[1] 3 8 3 10 7 4 3 4 4 1 1 7 2 4 6 0 5 7 4 6
$`3`
[1] 8 4 7 12 4 6 8 4 2 7 6 5 4 5 4 5 5 8 7 7
$`4`
[1] 7 6 2 4 3 3 8 11 6 6 1 8 4
chunk2 <- function(x,n) split(x, cut(seq_along(x), n, labels = FALSE))
A simplified version:
n = 3
split(x, sort(x%%n))
NB: This will only work on numeric vectors.
Using base R's rep_len:
x <- 1:10
n <- 3
split(x, rep_len(1:n, length(x)))
# $`1`
# [1] 1 4 7 10
#
# $`2`
# [1] 2 5 8
#
# $`3`
# [1] 3 6 9
And as already mentioned if you want sorted indices, simply:
split(x, sort(rep_len(1:n, length(x))))
# $`1`
# [1] 1 2 3 4
#
# $`2`
# [1] 5 6 7
#
# $`3`
# [1] 8 9 10
Try the ggplot2 function, cut_number:
library(ggplot2)
x <- 1:10
n <- 3
cut_number(x, n) # labels = FALSE if you just want an integer result
#> [1] [1,4] [1,4] [1,4] [1,4] (4,7] (4,7] (4,7] (7,10] (7,10] (7,10]
#> Levels: [1,4] (4,7] (7,10]
# if you want it split into a list:
split(x, cut_number(x, n))
#> $`[1,4]`
#> [1] 1 2 3 4
#>
#> $`(4,7]`
#> [1] 5 6 7
#>
#> $`(7,10]`
#> [1] 8 9 10
This will split it differently to what you have, but is still quite a nice list structure I think:
chunk.2 <- function(x, n, force.number.of.groups = TRUE, len = length(x), groups = trunc(len/n), overflow = len%%n) {
if(force.number.of.groups) {
f1 <- as.character(sort(rep(1:n, groups)))
f <- as.character(c(f1, rep(n, overflow)))
} else {
f1 <- as.character(sort(rep(1:groups, n)))
f <- as.character(c(f1, rep("overflow", overflow)))
}
g <- split(x, f)
if(force.number.of.groups) {
g.names <- names(g)
g.names.ordered <- as.character(sort(as.numeric(g.names)))
} else {
g.names <- names(g[-length(g)])
g.names.ordered <- as.character(sort(as.numeric(g.names)))
g.names.ordered <- c(g.names.ordered, "overflow")
}
return(g[g.names.ordered])
}
Which will give you the following, depending on how you want it formatted:
> x <- 1:10; n <- 3
> chunk.2(x, n, force.number.of.groups = FALSE)
$`1`
[1] 1 2 3
$`2`
[1] 4 5 6
$`3`
[1] 7 8 9
$overflow
[1] 10
> chunk.2(x, n, force.number.of.groups = TRUE)
$`1`
[1] 1 2 3
$`2`
[1] 4 5 6
$`3`
[1] 7 8 9 10
Running a couple of timings using these settings:
set.seed(42)
x <- rnorm(1:1e7)
n <- 3
Then we have the following results:
> system.time(chunk(x, n)) # your function
user system elapsed
29.500 0.620 30.125
> system.time(chunk.2(x, n, force.number.of.groups = TRUE))
user system elapsed
5.360 0.300 5.663
Note: Changing as.factor() to as.character() made my function twice as fast.
If you don't like split() and you don't like matrix() (with its dangling NAs), there's this:
chunk <- function(x, n) (mapply(function(a, b) (x[a:b]), seq.int(from=1, to=length(x), by=n), pmin(seq.int(from=1, to=length(x), by=n)+(n-1), length(x)), SIMPLIFY=FALSE))
Like split(), it returns a list, but it doesn't waste time or space with labels, so it may be more performant.
A few more variants to the pile...
> x <- 1:10
> n <- 3
Note, that you don't need to use the factor function here, but you still want to sort o/w your first vector would be 1 2 3 10:
> chunk <- function(x, n) split(x, sort(rank(x) %% n))
> chunk(x,n)
$`0`
[1] 1 2 3
$`1`
[1] 4 5 6 7
$`2`
[1] 8 9 10
Or you can assign character indices, vice the numbers in left ticks above:
> my.chunk <- function(x, n) split(x, sort(rep(letters[1:n], each=n, len=length(x))))
> my.chunk(x, n)
$a
[1] 1 2 3 4
$b
[1] 5 6 7
$c
[1] 8 9 10
Or you can use plainword names stored in a vector. Note that using sort to get consecutive values in x alphabetizes the labels:
> my.other.chunk <- function(x, n) split(x, sort(rep(c("tom", "dick", "harry"), each=n, len=length(x))))
> my.other.chunk(x, n)
$dick
[1] 1 2 3
$harry
[1] 4 5 6
$tom
[1] 7 8 9 10
Yet another possibility is the splitIndices function from package parallel:
library(parallel)
splitIndices(20, 3)
Gives:
[[1]]
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
[[2]]
[1] 8 9 10 11 12 13
[[3]]
[1] 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
NB: this works only with numeric values though. If you want to split a character vector, you would need to do some indexing: lapply(splitIndices(20, 3), \(x) letters[1:20][x])
You could combine the split/cut, as suggested by mdsummer, with quantile to create even groups:
split(x,cut(x,quantile(x,(0:n)/n), include.lowest=TRUE, labels=FALSE))
This gives the same result for your example, but not for skewed variables.
split(x,matrix(1:n,n,length(x))[1:length(x)])
perhaps this is more clear, but the same idea:
split(x,rep(1:n, ceiling(length(x)/n),length.out = length(x)))
if you want it ordered,throw a sort around it
Here's another variant.
NOTE: with this sample you're specifying the CHUNK SIZE in the second parameter
all chunks are uniform, except for the last;
the last will at worst be smaller, never bigger than the chunk size.
chunk <- function(x,n)
{
f <- sort(rep(1:(trunc(length(x)/n)+1),n))[1:length(x)]
return(split(x,f))
}
#Test
n<-c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11)
c<-chunk(n,5)
q<-lapply(c, function(r) cat(r,sep=",",collapse="|") )
#output
1,2,3,4,5,|6,7,8,9,10,|11,|
I needed the same function and have read the previous solutions, however i also needed to have the unbalanced chunk to be at the end i.e if i have 10 elements to split them into vectors of 3 each, then my result should have vectors with 3,3,4 elements respectively. So i used the following (i left the code unoptimised for readability, otherwise no need to have many variables):
chunk <- function(x,n){
numOfVectors <- floor(length(x)/n)
elementsPerVector <- c(rep(n,numOfVectors-1),n+length(x) %% n)
elemDistPerVector <- rep(1:numOfVectors,elementsPerVector)
split(x,factor(elemDistPerVector))
}
set.seed(1)
x <- rnorm(10)
n <- 3
chunk(x,n)
$`1`
[1] -0.6264538 0.1836433 -0.8356286
$`2`
[1] 1.5952808 0.3295078 -0.8204684
$`3`
[1] 0.4874291 0.7383247 0.5757814 -0.3053884
Simple function for splitting a vector by simply using indexes - no need to over complicate this
vsplit <- function(v, n) {
l = length(v)
r = l/n
return(lapply(1:n, function(i) {
s = max(1, round(r*(i-1))+1)
e = min(l, round(r*i))
return(v[s:e])
}))
}
Sorry if this answer comes so late, but maybe it can be useful for someone else. Actually there is a very useful solution to this problem, explained at the end of ?split.
> testVector <- c(1:10) #I want to divide it into 5 parts
> VectorList <- split(testVector, 1:5)
> VectorList
$`1`
[1] 1 6
$`2`
[1] 2 7
$`3`
[1] 3 8
$`4`
[1] 4 9
$`5`
[1] 5 10
Credit to #Sebastian for this function
chunk <- function(x,y){
split(x, factor(sort(rank(row.names(x))%%y)))
}
If you don't like split() and you don't mind NAs padding out your short tail:
chunk <- function(x, n) { if((length(x)%%n)==0) {return(matrix(x, nrow=n))} else {return(matrix(append(x, rep(NA, n-(length(x)%%n))), nrow=n))} }
The columns of the returned matrix ([,1:ncol]) are the droids you are looking for.
I need a function that takes the argument of a data.table (in quotes) and another argument that is the upper limit on the number of rows in the subsets of that original data.table. This function produces whatever number of data.tables that upper limit allows for:
library(data.table)
split_dt <- function(x,y)
{
for(i in seq(from=1,to=nrow(get(x)),by=y))
{df_ <<- get(x)[i:(i + y)];
assign(paste0("df_",i),df_,inherits=TRUE)}
rm(df_,inherits=TRUE)
}
This function gives me a series of data.tables named df_[number] with the starting row from the original data.table in the name. The last data.table can be short and filled with NAs so you have to subset that back to whatever data is left. This type of function is useful because certain GIS software have limits on how many address pins you can import, for example. So slicing up data.tables into smaller chunks may not be recommended, but it may not be avoidable.
I have come up with this solution:
require(magrittr)
create.chunks <- function(x, elements.per.chunk){
# plain R version
# split(x, rep(seq_along(x), each = elements.per.chunk)[seq_along(x)])
# magrittr version - because that's what people use now
x %>% seq_along %>% rep(., each = elements.per.chunk) %>% extract(seq_along(x)) %>% split(x, .)
}
create.chunks(letters[1:10], 3)
$`1`
[1] "a" "b" "c"
$`2`
[1] "d" "e" "f"
$`3`
[1] "g" "h" "i"
$`4`
[1] "j"
The key is to use the seq(each = chunk.size) parameter so make it work. Using seq_along acts like rank(x) in my previous solution, but is actually able to produce the correct result with duplicated entries.
Here's yet another one, allowing you to control if you want the result ordered or not:
split_to_chunks <- function(x, n, keep.order=TRUE){
if(keep.order){
return(split(x, sort(rep(1:n, length.out = length(x)))))
}else{
return(split(x, rep(1:n, length.out = length(x))))
}
}
split_to_chunks(x = 1:11, n = 3)
$`1`
[1] 1 2 3 4
$`2`
[1] 5 6 7 8
$`3`
[1] 9 10 11
split_to_chunks(x = 1:11, n = 3, keep.order=FALSE)
$`1`
[1] 1 4 7 10
$`2`
[1] 2 5 8 11
$`3`
[1] 3 6 9
Not sure if this answers OP's question, but I think the %% can be useful here
df # some data.frame
N_CHUNKS <- 10
I_VEC <- 1:nrow(df)
df_split <- split(df, sort(I_VEC %% N_CHUNKS))
This splits into chunks of size ⌊n/k⌋+1 or ⌊n/k⌋ and does not use the O(n log n) sort.
get_chunk_id<-function(n, k){
r <- n %% k
s <- n %/% k
i<-seq_len(n)
1 + ifelse (i <= r * (s+1), (i-1) %/% (s+1), r + ((i - r * (s+1)-1) %/% s))
}
split(1:10, get_chunk_id(10,3))

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