displaying distribution of categorical variable using ggplot and r - r

Simplifying my question in terms of generic titanic dataset:
how can i get a following plot for all the attributes in my dataset
If possible, i would also want to get the count or percentage for each category.
Thank you for your help in advance.
Regards, Trupti

With the Titanic data set this can be accomplished using
library(tidyverse)
data("Titanic")
Titanic %>%
as.data.frame() %>% # transform from a table to dataframe
gather(variable, value, -Freq) %>% # change to long format
group_by(variable, value) %>%
summarise(Freq = sum(Freq)) %>% # get the freq for each level of each variable
ggplot(aes(variable, Freq, fill = value)) +
geom_col(position = position_stack()) +
geom_text(aes(label = paste0(value, " (", Freq, ")")), vjust = 1,
position = position_stack()) +
theme(legend.position = "none")

Related

Change factor label ggplot when scale_x_reordered() is present

I am creating a box plot in which I have used scale_x_reordered() after adjusting the order of factors on the x axis.
I am now trying to change the label of one factor. I had previously been doing this using:
scale_x_discrete(labels=c("old_label" = "new_label"))
However, I cannot use both scale_x_discrete() and scale_x_reordered() in the same plot. Does anyone know of a fix so that I can change a label and keep scale_x_reordered?
My ggplot is based off of this very helpful example: linked here
The change I am trying to make is equivalent to manually changing the name "Michael" to "Mike".
To achieve your desired result I would suggest to recode your factor before applying reorder_within.
The reason is that reorder_within transforms the factor levels to make the reordering within facets work. Inside scale_x_reordered a re-transformation is applied via the labels argument to show the original levels or labels. That's why you can't make use of the labels argument.
In the following example taken from the link you posted I make use of dplyr::recode(name, "Michael" = "Mike") just before reorder_within:
library(tidyverse)
library(babynames)
library(tidytext)
top_names <- babynames %>%
filter(year >= 1950,
year < 1990) %>%
mutate(decade = (year %/% 10) * 10) %>%
group_by(decade) %>%
count(name, wt = n, sort = TRUE) %>%
ungroup
top_names %>%
group_by(decade) %>%
top_n(15) %>%
ungroup %>%
mutate(decade = as.factor(decade),
name = recode(name, "Michael" = "Mike"),
name = reorder_within(name, n, decade)) %>%
ggplot(aes(name, n, fill = decade)) +
geom_col(show.legend = FALSE) +
facet_wrap(~decade, scales = "free_y") +
coord_flip() +
scale_x_reordered() +
scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0,0)) +
labs(y = "Number of babies per decade",
x = NULL,
title = "What were the most common baby names in each decade?",
subtitle = "Via US Social Security Administration")
#> Selecting by n

Difference between geom_col() and geom_point() for same value

So, I'm trying to plot missing values here over time (longitudinal data).
I would prefer placing them in a geom_col() to fill up with colours of certain treatments afterwards. But for some weird reason, geom_col() gives me weird values, while geom_point() gives me the correct values using the same function. I'm trying to wrap my head around why this is happening. Take a look at the y-axis.
Disclaimer:
I know the missing values dissappear on day 19-20. This is why I'm making the plot.
Sorry about the lay-out of the plot. Not polished yet.
For the geom_point:
gaussian_transformed %>% group_by(factor(time)) %>% mutate(missing = sum(is.na(Rose_width))) %>% ggplot(aes(x = factor(time), y = missing)) + geom_point()
Picture: geom_point
For the geom_col:
gaussian_transformed %>% group_by(factor(time)) %>% mutate(missing = sum(is.na(Rose_width))) %>% ggplot(aes(x = factor(time), y = missing)) + geom_col()
Picture: geom_col
The problem is that you're using mutate and creating several rows for your groups. You cannot see that, but you will have plenty of points overlapping in your geom_point plot.
One way is to either use summarise, or you use distinct
Compare
library(tidyverse)
msleep %>% group_by(order) %>%
mutate(missing = sum(is.na(sleep_cycle))) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = order, y = missing)) +
geom_point()
The points look ugly because there is a lot of over plotting.
msleep %>% group_by(order) %>%
mutate(missing = sum(is.na(sleep_cycle))) %>%
distinct(order, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = order, y = missing)) +
geom_col()
msleep %>% group_by(order) %>%
mutate(missing = sum(is.na(sleep_cycle))) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = order, y = missing)) +
geom_col()
Created on 2021-06-02 by the reprex package (v2.0.0)
So after some digging:
What happens was that the geom_col() function sums up all the missing values while geom_point() does not. Hence the large values for y. Why this is happening, I do not know. However doing the following worked fine for me:
gaussian_transformed$time <- as.factor(gaussian_transformed$time)
gaussian_transformed %>% group_by(time) %>% summarise(missing = sum(is.na(Rose_width))) -> gaussian_transformed
gaussian_transformed %>% ggplot(aes(x = time, y = missing)) + geom_col(fill = "blue", alpha = 0.5) + theme_minimal() + labs(title = "Missing values in Gaussian Outcome over the days", x = "Time (in days)", y = "Amount of missing values") + scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 10, 1))
With the plot: GaussianMissing

How to Combine 2 Line Graphs Together

I'm new to using R so please bear with me as my code might not look the best. So I want to combine these two line graphs together since right now I have written code for each item that I am analyzing. This is the dataset I am using: https://github.com/rfordatascience/tidytuesday/blob/master/data/2020/2020-09-01/readme.md I used the "Arable_Land" dataset!
##USA Arable Land
plot_arable_land_USA <- arable_land %>%
filter(Code == "USA") %>%
select(c(Year, Code, `Arable land needed to produce a fixed quantity of crops ((1.0 = 1961))`)) %>%
pivot_longer(-c(Year, Code)) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = Year, y = value,color=name,group=name)) +
geom_line() +
facet_wrap(.~name,scales = 'free_y') +
theme_light() +
theme(legend.position = 'none')
ggplotly(plot_arable_land_USA)
##Canada Arable Land
plot_arable_land_CAN <- arable_land %>%
filter(Code == "CAN") %>%
select(c(Year, Code, `Arable land needed to produce a fixed quantity of crops ((1.0 = 1961))`)) %>%
pivot_longer(-c(Year, Code)) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = Year, y = value,color=name,group=name)) +
geom_line() +
facet_wrap(.~name,scales = 'free_y') +
theme_light() +
theme(legend.position = 'none')
ggplotly(plot_arable_land_CAN)
Ideally, I would like one graph to show both like one line (in Purple) to show the USA and another line(in Brown) to show Canada.
Thank you!
Try this. It is a better practice to reshape data to long as you did. In your case you can add filter() to choose the desired countries. Then, reshape to long and design the plot. The key is setting color and group with Code in order to obtain the desired lines. You can set the colors using scale_color_manual() and I have left the facet option to get the title. Here the code:
library(plotly)
library(tidyverse)
#Code
plot_arable_land_CAN <- arable_land %>% select(-Entity) %>%
filter(Code %in% c('USA','CAN')) %>%
pivot_longer(-c(Code,Year)) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = Year, y = value,color=Code,group=Code)) +
geom_line() +
facet_wrap(.~name,scales = 'free_y') +
theme_light() +
theme(legend.position = 'none')+
scale_color_manual(values = c('brown','purple'))
#Transform
ggplotly(plot_arable_land_CAN)
Output:

Reorder vertical axis alphabetically and change position of binary variable of stacked percent bar graph (ggplot2)

I have a dataset with two variables: 1) ID, 2) Infection Status (Binary:1/0).
I would like to use ggplot2 to
Create a stacked percentage bar graph with the various ID on the verticle-axis (arranged alphabetically with A starting on top), and the percent on the horizontal-axis. I can't seem to get a code that will automatically sort the ID alphabetically as my original dataset has quite a number of categories and will be difficult to arrange them manually.
I also hope to have the infected category (1) to be red and towards the left of the blue non-infected category (0). Is it also possible to change the sub-heading of the legend box from "Non_infected" to "Non-infected"?
I hope that the displayed ID in the plot will include the count of the number of times the ID appeared in the dataset. E.g. "A (n=6)", "B (n=3)"
My sample code is as follow:
ID <- c("A","A","A","A","A","A",
"B","B","B",
"C","C","C","C","C","C","C",
"D","D","D","D","D","D","D","D","D")
Infection <- sample(c(1, 0), size = length(ID), replace = T)
df <- data.frame(ID, Infection)
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)
library(reshape2)
df.plot <- df %>%
group_by(ID) %>%
summarize(Infected = sum(Infection)/n(),
Non_Infected = 1-Infected)
df.plot %>%
melt() %>%
ggplot(aes(x = ID, y = value, fill = variable)) + geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "stack") +
xlab("ID") +
ylab("Percent Infection") +
scale_fill_discrete(guide = guide_legend(title = "Infection Status")) +
coord_flip()
Right now I managed to get this output:
I hope to get this:
Thank you so much!
First, we need to add a count to your original data.frame.
df.plot <- df %>%
group_by(ID) %>%
summarize(Infected = sum(Infection)/n(),
Non_Infected = 1-Infected,
count = n())
Then, we augment our ID column, turn the Infection Status into a factor variable, use forcats::fct_rev to reverse the ID ordering, and use scale_fill_manual to control your legend.
df.plot %>%
mutate(ID = paste0(ID, " (n=", count, ")")) %>%
select(-count) %>%
melt() %>%
mutate(variable = factor(variable, levels = c("Non_Infected", "Infected"))) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = forcats::fct_rev(ID), y = value, fill = variable)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "stack") +
xlab("ID") +
ylab("Percent Infection") +
scale_fill_manual("Infection Status",
values = c("Infected" = "#F8766D", "Non_Infected" = "#00BFC4"),
labels = c("Non-Infected", "Infected"))+
coord_flip()

bar chart of row freq ggplot2

I have the following data:
dataf <- read.table(text = "index,group,taxa1,taxa2,taxa3,total
s1,g1,2,5,3,10
s2,g1,3,4,3,10
s3,g2,1,2,7,10
s4,g2,0,4,6,10", header = T, sep = ",")
I'm trying to make a stacked bar plot of the frequences of the data so that it counts across the row (not down a column) for each index (s1,s2,s3,s4) and then for each group (g1,g2) of each taxa. I'm only able to figure out how to graph the species of one taxa but not all three stacked on each other.
Here are some examples of what I'm trying to make:
These were made on google sheets so they don't look like ggplot but it would be easier to make in r with ggplot2 because the real data set is larger.
You would need to reshape the data.
Here is my solution (broken down by plot)
For first plot
library(tidyverse)
##For first plot
prepare_data_1 <- dataf %>% select(index, taxa1:taxa3) %>%
gather(taxa,value, -index) %>%
mutate(index = str_trim(index)) %>%
group_by(index) %>% mutate(prop = value/sum(value))
##Plot 1
prepare_data_1 %>%
ggplot(aes(x = index, y = prop, fill = fct_rev(taxa))) + geom_col()
For second plot
##For second plot
prepare_data_2 <- dataf %>% select(group, taxa1:taxa3) %>%
gather(taxa,value, -group) %>%
mutate(group = str_trim(group)) %>%
group_by(group) %>% mutate(prop = value/sum(value))
##Plot 2
prepare_data_2 %>%
ggplot(aes(x = group, y = prop, fill = fct_rev(taxa))) + geom_col()
##You need to reshape data before doing that.
dfm = melt(dataf, id.vars=c("index","group"),
measure.vars=c("taxa1","taxa2","taxa3"),
variable.name="variable", value.name="values")
ggplot(dfm, aes(x = index, y = values, group = variable)) +
geom_col(aes(fill=variable)) +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1, vjust = 0.25)) +
geom_text(aes(label = values), position = position_stack(vjust = .5), size = 3) + theme_gray()

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