Is it correct to use the <style> tag outside of the <head> element ?
Like this:
<html>
<head>
<style> some style </style>
</head>
<body> some text </body>
<style> some more style </style>
<body> some more text </body>
</html>
I want to do this because: my cgi sources other files with their own style.
The cgi file contains:
#!/bin/bash
echo "content-type: text/html"
echo ""
echo "<html><head><style>"
echo "h1 {color: red;}"
echo "</style>"
echo "<body>"
echo "<h1> some text here </h1>"
echo "</body>"
source ./data.sh
echo "</html>"
And the source file contains:
echo "<style>"
echo "h2 {color: blue;}"
echo "</style>"
echo "<body>"
echo "<h2> and some other text here </h2>"
echo "</body>"
This seems to work fine. But is it correct ?
At w3schools it says:
Each HTML document can contain multiple <style> tags.
But is it done this way ?
style is supposed to be included only on the head of the document.
Besides the validation point, one caveat that might interest you when using style on the body is the flash of unstyled content. The browser would get elements that would be styled after they are displayed, making them shift on size/shape/font and/or flicker. It is generally a sign of bad craftsmanship. Generally you can get away with putting style anywhere you want, but try to avoid it whenever it is possible.
HTML 5 introduced a scoped attribute that allowed style tags to be included everywhere in the body, but then they removed it again.
According to the W3 specs, <link> tags are only supposed to go in the <head> section:
References
For HTML 4.01: http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/struct/links.html#edef-LINK
For HTML5: http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/document-metadata.html#the-link-element
Validation Issues
If you put a tag within the body of the HTML document, it will not validate using validate.w3.org
<style> tags can be anywhere in the HTML Document. However, it is best to have it inside the <head>.
From my personal experience, its best to just make a separate stylesheet to put all the CSS in.
According to https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/style :
"<style>-element can be included inside the <head> or <body> of the document, and the styles will still be applied, however it is recommended that you include your styles in the <head> for organizational purposes"
I think the key-phrase here is "for organizational purposes". So it's not a technical requirement but advise which purports to make your html-source more readable.
The above linked-to page is
"Last modified: Jun 4, 2019, by MDN contributors"
According to W3 standards, it is necessary to put style tag inside the head element of the document. If you put your style tag inside the body element then the style to your web page will be effected after whole DOM is loaded, due to which we can see blank page for some time before the CSS comes into effect and certainly that would cause impact on better UI experience. Mostly the recommended way to implement CSS in a document is to create a saperate stylesheet and providing link to the document wherever needed.
It really depends on the website and how it loads. CSS files which are loaded in the header block your website from rendering so you can inline CSS in the header or the body. This is because the CSS file must be fetched (through the network or locally) which can impact performance. In a perfect world you only have one css file but the world is not perfect.
A new feature available on most major browsers..
Stylesheets activated after the body is started do not block paint
[https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/5696805480169472][1]
<body class="gorgias-loaded">
<p>This page includes an image, followed by an external css file that is appended to the document by js (async) followed by another image.
The css file changes the page background color black when it has been applied.</p>
<p>Optimally what you will see would be:</p>
<ol>
<li>A blank white page with this text and the title for both images.</li>
<li>Immediately after, the second image.</li>
<li>One second later the first image.</li>
<li>Four seconds later the background color should change to black.</li>
</ol>
<h2>First Image (1 second delay)</h2>
<img width="300" height="365" src="slowimage.php">
<h2>External CSS injected by JS (5 second delay)</h2>
<script>
var attach = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
var link = document.createElement('link');
link.rel = 'stylesheet';
link.type = 'text/css';
link.href = 'slowcss.php';
link.media = 'all';
attach.appendChild(link);
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="slowcss.php" media="all"></script>
<h2>Second Image (no delay)</h2>
<img width="300" height="365" src="slowimage.php?delay=0">
</div></body>
Related
I've used gridsetapp.com in the past to create responsive grids, but on the one I've recently tried creating just isn't working and I can't figure out why.
The link to the css is here; https://get.gridsetapp.com/37722/
Just trying to get something basic:
<html><head>
<link href="https://get.gridsetapp.com/37722/" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="d1-d5" style="background:#aaa">ffggg</div>
</body>
</html>
Any thoughts?
Despite an unusual CSS link, the browser should recognize the CSS file your referenced.
However, looking at your reference, you are just trying to apply CSS to the class d1-d5. However, as best I can tell, there is no exact match in the CSS file to Just d1-d5. Use the Development tools (F12 on most browsers); they are your friend. It will show you what CSS is applied at that moment including, any applied through JavaScript or Linked files.
With CSS, you need to make sure that you call out exactly what the browser can identify, but not more (unless going for a higher order of precedence). For example, the most you could call out to select your d1-d5 is:
html body div.d1-d5{...}
Whereas in you linked CSS file, I see a lot of parents or children when searching d1-d5, such as .d1-d5 .d1,.d1-d5 .d2,.d1-d5 .d3,.d1-d5 .d4,.d1-d5 .d5.
If you wanted the last one in this chain (.d1-d5 .d5), you would need an HTML such as:
<html>
<body>
<div class='d1-d5'>
<div class='d5'>
This text will have the CSS applied.
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
The CSS written as .d1-d5 .d5 literally means "select the element with class d5 as a descendent of an element with class .d1-d5". Your HTML doesn't match any of the classes in the CSS file, including the parent and child selectors. If you were to try the above HTML, you would see width:18.05273834%; applied (which isn't a very obvious thing to see... why not try background:yellow; or something like that for an easy verification).
Finally, why are you inline styling when you have the CSS? This is bad form, and only appropriate if you can't control the CSS file.
I'm trying to figure out how to add CSS in Genshi to some markup which is dynamically generated. I'm trying to avoid inline CSS, and ideally the rules would appear in the <head/> tag of the parent document.
I'm working with existing code that looks like this (I rewrote this from the original, to simplify, so I might have some syntax mistakes; but the original works, so I think you can ignore syntax mistakes if any):
templates/widgets/file_widget.html
<html xmlns:py="http://genshi.edgewall.org/"
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
py:strip="">
<head>
<style type="text/css">
.file-widget {
background-color:#eee; display:inline-block; padding:4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<py:def function="file_widget(file_name)">
<div class=".file-widget">
...
</div>
</py:def>
</html>
widgets.py
class FileWidget:
...
def html():
markup_template = genshi.template.MarkupTemplate('''
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:py="http://genshi.edgewall.org/" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<xi:include href="my_project/widgets/file_widget.html" />
${description}
${file_widget(file_name)}
</html>''')
markup = markup_template.generate(file_name = self.file_name, description = genshi.core.Markup(self.description))
return markup.render('html', doctype = 'html')
templates/main_page.html
<div py:for='widget in app.widgets'>
${ genshi.core.Markup( widget.html() ) }
</div>
Unfortunately, the <style/> tag gets rendered twice: once, as I want it to be, inside the original document <head/>, and then the widget <head/> gets rendered again.
How can I change the code to properly include the CSS in the right place? Since this is collaborative code, little changes and clearer code are appreciated!
Thanks for reading and for your help.
You might want to use a widget library like ToscaWidget2 which is meant to actually manage widgets with resources.
Otherwise you might want to use a static files framework like fanstatic which provides support for resources inclusion: http://www.fanstatic.org/en/1.0a5/quickstart.html#including-resources-with-fanstatic
If you want to roll your own custom solution you should register the resources somewhere whenever the widget is rendered (like in request) and then add them to the head tag when template is rendered. This is actually what tw2.core.resources does: https://github.com/toscawidgets/tw2.core/blob/develop/tw2/core/resources.py
This question may sound a bit weird/novice/stupid. Please bear with me.
The below code is a small portion of a webpage I have created using CSS,
HTML and coldfusion.
<head>
---------------------Part 1--------------------------------------
<CFIF CompareNoCase('#aid#', 0)>
<cfinclude template="show.cfm">
<cfabort>
</CFIF>
-----------------------------------------------------------------
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles/style.css?1322665623">
</head>
---------------------------PART 2------------------------------------
<body id="wp-home">
<div id="wrapper">
<div class="header left">
<h1>Name Of Client</h1>
<div class="tagline">
<span class="left blair">home</span>
<span class="headerline"></span>
<span class="right blair">antiques</span>
</div>
</div>
--------------------------------------------------------------------
As you see, I have included a css file, style.css which contains all the style classes required to display PART 2 correctly.
Problem is, whenever part 1 is active ( is true), the same
css is applied to elements in file SHOW.CFM also. This totally messes up the page's original display.
For the time being I have placed a tag below the link to stop page from processing and the css file being loaded.
I have checked show.css multiple times and can confirm that no class from styles.css is used in it.
Hence, my question is if I can stop the styles from style.css to be applied on elements loaded from SHOW.CFM
Pardon me if the question is insanely stupid ;)
If a selector matches then a rule will apply until overridden by a rule (which sets the same property) further down the cascade.
You can either change your selectors to stop them matching the elements you don't want them to match, or you can override all your rules in that section.
HTML5 allows scoped stylesheets, but only Firefox supports it so far. There is also a polyfill JavaScript.
Therefore, you'll have to adapt your markup and styles so that it only matches part2, and not part1. In a pinch, you can precede every selector with #wrapper. For example, if a rule says a{color:red}, substitute that with #wrapper a {color:red;}.
By the way, part1 should probably be a child of <body> instead of <head>.
Use the pseudo-class :not():
.myStyle:not(.classWhereYouDontWantToApplyTheStyle) {
...
}
What about using if else instead of just if to determine which css file you should include? In other words, include styles.css only when part 2 displays. That way, you avoid inheritance and scoping issues altogether.
I am building simple scroller and admin should paste the link to the image in the admin panel and that image should output as a background of slide div. I have set up the options for this, and links are being saved to the database I just don't know how to add it to the style rules.
I have included the following code to the <head></head>
<style type="text/css">
<![CDATA[]]>
#slide_1 {
background-image: url('<?php echo get_option('slide_1'); ?>');
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
]]></style>
In firebug the url is being displayed in the <head></head> but the style is not applied, and #slide_1 doesn't have any rules applied to it.
Is there any other way of doing this?
Many thanks in advance
May be there is a CSS background rule is being applied forcefully. You can try using inline style. Like.
<div id="slide_1" style="background: url('<?php echo get_option("slide_1");?>') no-repeat;">
.....
</div>
Another thing I have noticed that in css rule background-image: url('<?php echo get_option('slide_1'); ?>'); you are using single quotes in php and also in css. This is producing a conflict. Try using background-image: url('<?php echo get_option("slide_1"); ?>'); double quotes.
Try removing the [CDATA]. If your page is getting parsed as HTML instead of XHTML it probably won't recongize the styles.
For further reading, wikipedia states:
CDATA sections in XHTML documents are liable to be parsed differently
by web browsers if they render the document as HTML, since HTML
parsers do not recognise the CDATA start and end markers, nor do they
recognise HTML entity references such as < within tags.
just removed <![CDATA[]]> and works fine
I am including styles in normal way like this:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/boostrap.css" type="text/css" />
this styles has a lot of styles which destroy my main view, it applies to body element, is it possible to applay the style only to one particular div?
Put that <div> into a separate page and include bootstrap CSS only in that page.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/boostrap.css" type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
<div>This is your DIV</div>
</body>
</html>
Your main page won't be touched by that and you'll be able to display that div inside your main page simply using an iframe, change (for example) this:
<div>This is your DIV</div>
To this:
<iframe src="url of the other page"></iframe>
Of course you may need to change little bit the logic of your page to accommodate this (primary I guess because of server side C# code, for client side JavaScript code it should be easier because the come from the same domain).
Yes, you can do that by ID:
<div id="myDiv"></div>
and then the CSS would be:
#myDiv { ... }
and that will apply that style to anything named myDiv. You could also use classes:
<div class="someClass"></div>
and then the CSS would be:
.someClass { ... }
and that will apply that style to anything with that class attached.
Based on what you're describing, surrounding the generality of the CSS that's breaking the already defined CSS, you're going to want to get rid of those general element styles and use ID's because it sounds like you're trying to merge some CSS.
You try to remove all styles of body with javascript code, and after that, after you add a name/id to the body style in your correct css, set this as class attribute of your body. (js code too after the document is completely loaded)
Another (stupid) solution depends on what do you have in the css file. Do you can edit the /css/boostrap.css, simply replace all body word with ".body1" (fe => make a class from it)?