MVC 4 Web Api Authentication - asp.net

I've spent days trying to find examples, but none appear to answer what it is I am looking for. Most other examples are for later versions of Web API.
I am currently consuming a REST web service, that uses basic authentication. I want to emulate this in mine. The path is /api/authenticate
I pass a header of Authorization Basic [base 64 username / password]. The response I am currently seeing is a response code of 200, and a json response that has the session token (among other things).
For future calls, I then pass the session token in an X header back to the server, and that then passes all of my calls.
I'm trying to write a web api that works in a very similar way.
I've done very little with web api, so am a bit lost. Here is what I have so far...
public string[] Post([FromBody]string value)
{
if (Request.Headers.Authorization == null)
{
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("WWW-Authenticate", "Basic");
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized;
}
else
{
// Check for valid users
string authToken = Request.Headers.Authorization.Parameter;
string decodedToken = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(Convert.FromBase64String(authToken));
string username = decodedToken.Substring(0, decodedToken.IndexOf(":"));
string password = decodedToken.Substring(decodedToken.IndexOf(":") + 1);
if (username == "MyApiUserName" && password == "MyApiPassword")
{
// The line below doesn't work yet.
//WebSecurity.Login(model.Username, model.Password, persistCookie: true);
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.AddHeader("Test", "Something");
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.OK;
Pair[0] = username;
Pair[1] = password;
return Pair;
}
else
{
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized;
}
}
return null;
}
What I need is to respond once authenticated with a session token in the json response and I also need to know how to use that session token in my other API calls.

Asp.net Api has its own authentication methods, so you don't need to implement them by yourself. this is why all examples are for latest versions of Web API.
if you want return json responce try to use JsonResult instead of string[ ]
see this https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.web.mvc.jsonresult(v=vs.118).aspx

Related

Xamarin.Forms get new Token when session is over

I have this scenario: Xamarin.Forms App connected with Web Api 2. I make all requests and get the data i want. Now when the session token expires, i need to refresh the token but don't logout the user. The user don't need to know when token is refreshed. How to organize this, add in every request if statement when i send it and check if token expires.
This is one of my requests:
public async Task<User> GetProfileSetup()
{
try
{
if (CrossConnectivity.Current.IsConnected)
{
string token = DependencyService.Get<ISharedFunctions>().GetAccessToken();
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Clear();
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Accept", "application/json");
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Authorization", "Bearer " + token);
var response = await client.GetAsync(#"api/Profile/GetProfilSetup");
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
string jsonMessage;
using (Stream responseStream = await response.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync())
{
jsonMessage = new StreamReader(responseStream).ReadToEnd();
}
User user = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<User>(jsonMessage);
return user;
}
else
{
var m = response.Content.ToString();
return null;
}
}
else
{
return null;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Debug.WriteLine(ex);
string error = ex.Message;
return null;
}
}
P.S I have Methods for GetToken and RefreshToken in my Api and they are working, just how to organize Refreshing ?
It really depends on what libraries are you using on your project.
But let's say you're using plain c# to handled your HTTP calls.
[OPTION 1] Polly
I can recommend you looking at Polly
It's a great library with a lot of features. You can use the Retry policy to handled expired tokens:
var _unauthorizedPolicy = Policy
.Handle<Exception>(ex => ex.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized) // check here for your exception to be the right one
.RetryAsync(3, async (exception, retryCount, context) =>
{
try
{
var token = await _authService.RefreshToken();
// save the new token or whatever you need to store it
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// RefreshToken failed, you should probably sign out the user
SignOut();
}
});
What this does is that Polly will try to execute your normal HTTP call and in case it fails and the cause is specified in Handle, then a retry mechanism is fired that will try to refresh the token and then retry your request. In the end, in case the token cannot be refreshed, you sign out the user. Of course, all this can be customized, check Polly's documentation is pretty well written.
Please note that inside Handle<T> you must put the right exception. I just used Exception as a placeholder since I'm not sure what Exception is thrown in your case.
Then you would call your method with this policy:
var result = await _unauthorizedPolicy.ExecuteAsync(() => GetProfileSetup())
And you can reuse that policy for any call, no need to create it every time.
[OPTION 2] DelegatingHandler
I will like here another StackOverflow answer:
How to Refresh a token using IHttpClientFactory
Basically you can intercept every HTTP call made via a HttpClient and refresh/add a token to your requests.
Note that that answer does not obligate you to use IHttpClientFactory, it also works for a simple HttpClient.
Also a little bit off-topic. You might want to look up for libraries to handle htt calls such as Retrofit. It will really reduce the amount of boilerplate code.

Port over existing MVC user authentication to Azure functions

I have an old web application which is using ASP.net with the build in cookie based authentication which has the standard ASP.net SQL tables for storing the users credentials.
This is currently running as an Azure web app, but I was toying with the idea of trying to go serverless as per this example creating a ReactJs SPA hosting on blob storage to try and keep costs down and also improve performance without breaking the bank.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/architecture/reference-architectures/serverless/web-app
I was wondering if it is possible to port over the existing ASP.net authentication to Azure functions, to instead return a JWT (JSON Web Token) which could be passed back in the headers to handle authenticated requests.
When I have tried this in the past I have failed misserably, so I was wondering if anyone knows if it is possible?
I've seen this article, which seems to talk about Azure functions doing authentication, but with Azure AD, which I don't think is right for what I need.
https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/stuartleeks/2018/02/19/azure-functions-and-app-service-authentication/
The answer is kind of. What I mean by this is that you can use your existing database and many of the same libraries, but you can't port over the code configuration. The default authentication for Functions is either 1) The default API tokens or 2) one of the EasyAuth providers baked into App Services which is in the guide you linked. Currently, any other solution you'll need to setup yourself.
Assuming you go with the JWT option, you'll need to turn off all of the built-in authentication for Functions. This includes setting your HttpRequest functions to AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous.
At a basic level You'll need to create two things. A function to issue tokens, and either a DI service or a custom input binding to check them.
Issuing tokens
The Functions 2.x+ runtime is on .NET Core so I'm gong to borrow some code from this blog post that describes using JWTs with Web API. It uses System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt to generate a token, which we could then return from the Function.
public SecurityToken Authenticate(string username, string password)
{
//replace with your user validation
var user = _users.SingleOrDefault(x => x.Username == username && x.Password == password);
// return null if user not found
if (user == null)
return null;
// authentication successful so generate jwt token
var tokenHandler = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler();
var key = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(_appSettings.Secret);
var tokenDescriptor = new SecurityTokenDescriptor
{
Subject = new ClaimsIdentity(new Claim[]
{
new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, user.Id.ToString())
}),
Expires = DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(7),
SigningCredentials = new SigningCredentials(new SymmetricSecurityKey(key), SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256Signature)
};
return tokenHandler.CreateToken(tokenDescriptor);
}
Validating Tokens
There are several guides out there for validating JWT within Azure Functions. I like this one from Ben Morris: https://www.ben-morris.com/custom-token-authentication-in-azure-functions-using-bindings/ (source code). It describes authenticating with either a custom input binding or with DI. Between the two, DI is the preferred option, unless there is a specific reason you need to use a binding. Here again, its the Microsoft.IdentityModel.JsonWebTokens and System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt libraries that you'll need to do the bulk of the work.
public class ExampleHttpFunction
{
private readonly IAccessTokenProvider _tokenProvider;
public ExampleHttpFunction(IAccessTokenProvider tokenProvider)
{
_tokenProvider = tokenProvider;
}
[FunctionName("ExampleHttpFunction")]
public IActionResult Run(
[HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "get", Route = "example")] HttpRequest req, ILogger log)
{
var result = _tokenProvider.ValidateToken(req);
if (result.Status == AccessTokenStatus.Valid)
{
log.LogInformation($"Request received for {result.Principal.Identity.Name}.");
return new OkResult();
}
else
{
return new UnauthorizedResult();
}
}
}

Identity Server: Access tokens/items set in AuthorizationProeperties in ExternalLoginCallback on the client

Question
I have an identity server implementation that is being used by a number of applications in test and production. I am currently working on a new feature, where the client application using the identity server can perform Azure service management REST api calls. For this, it needs a token. I can generate this token, store it and even access it in the AccountController in the identity server.
My issue is figuring out how to send this to the client. I don't think this token belongs in the claims for the user. So I tried to add it as part of AuthenticationProperties as a token, but I cannot seem to access it in the client. Should I store it in a session like this SO user did link? There is one answer to this question, but that does not seem right (I even tried it out of desperation!)
Relevant sections of code
Generate the token
var resource = "https://management.azure.com/";
app.UseOpenIdConnectAuthentication(new OpenIdConnectOptions
{
Events = new OpenIdConnectEvents
{
OnAuthorizationCodeReceived = async context =>
{
// Acquire the token for the resource and save it
}
}
}
Restore it in AccountController
public async Task<IActionResult> ExternalLoginCallback(string returnUrl)
{
string resource = "https://management.azure.com/";
// snip
result = await authContext.AcquireTokenSilentAsync(resource, credential, new UserIdentifier(userObjectID, UserIdentifierType.UniqueId));
// snip
AuthenticationProperties props = null;
var tokens = new List<AuthenticationToken>();
var id_token = info.Properties.GetTokenValue("id_token");
if (id_token != null)
{
tokens.Add(new AuthenticationToken { Name = "id_token", Value = id_token });
}
if (result != null)
{
tokens.Add(new AuthenticationToken { Name = "management_token", Value = result.AccessToken });
}
if (tokens.Any())
{
props = new AuthenticationProperties();
props.StoreTokens(tokens);
}
// snip
// Can I access these "props" on the client? I even tried adding it to `Items`, no luck.
await HttpContext.Authentication.SignInAsync(user.UserId, user.DisplayName, provider, props, additionalClaims.ToArray());
}
So, my question, is this the right way go about it? If so, how do I access the authentication properties set? Or should I try saving this in the Session? If so, how do I store it in the client's session?
Any pointers would help. Thank you!
Just wanted to post an answer so that people wanting the same can benefit.
A token cache can be implemented to achieve this. This repository explains how.
Pay special attention to the AdalDistributedTokenCache linked here

where to store user credentials in front end

in ASP.NET web API in the log in algorithm i have a action filter that generates a token for each user and the front end sends that token back to authenticate the user by using that token in web server i can get current user information till now every thing is working fine however i have new requirements that every user has relation many to many with account which means the same user can exists in more than one account with different roles for example in account one he is an admin in account two he is normal user so i have to regenerate the token which requires the user to re log in again i do not want him to be redirected to the log in page again. what i think of is to store user name and password in html 5 local storage but i think that is a bad practices any ideas.
Her is how i generate token.
public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext)
{
if (!actionContext.Request.Headers
.Any(header => header.Key == "AuthorizationHeader"))
{
if (this.IsAnonymousAllowed(actionContext) == false)
{
actionContext.Response = actionContext.Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, "Un Autherized");
}
}
else
{
string token = actionContext.Request.Headers
.Where(header => header.Key == "AuthorizationHeader")
.First().Value.First();
if (this.IsAnonymousAllowed(actionContext) == true)
{
return;
}
string passPhrase = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["PassPhrase"];
string ticket_string = Crypto.Decrypt(token, passPhrase);
TicketData ticket = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<TicketData>(ticket_string);
if (ticket == null || ticket.Expiration < DateTime.Now)
{
actionContext.Response = actionContext.Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized, "UnAuthorized");
}
else
{
OurIdentity identity = (OurIdentity)ticket.TokenData.OurIdentity;
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentPrincipal = new OurPrincipal
{
OurIdentity = identity,
};
}
}
}
You are right saving username and password in the local storage is bad. It is bad to save it anywhere on the client.
Usually a token is generated and put in a cookie. That token corresponds with a record on the server, in either a session log or a database.
I strongly suggest to use existing methods for this, like OAUTH Bearer tokens in this tutorial.
As far as I understand, if you are storing a hash (perhaps with a salt for extra protection) it is not nessecescarily bad to store the credentials. These would have to be stored somewhere at the end of the day anyway.

Passing the username/password from client to web API using GET

for example I have a web API : http://example.com/api/product.
I have a C# client to consume this web API. Something like that to get whole list of product.
// List all products.
HttpResponseMessage response = client.GetAsync("api/products").Result; // Blocking call!
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
// Parse the response body. Blocking!
var products = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<IEnumerable<Product>>().Result;
foreach (var p in products)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1};\t{2}", p.Name, p.Price, p.Category);
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})", (int)response.StatusCode, response.ReasonPhrase);
}
How do I pass the username and password from C# client to server's API? What I want is when the C# client to get whole product list from web API.
The client will send the username and password to the server's API. if the server's web API checks whether it is authorized user from database, if not don't let it get product list.
I used the following approach in a proof of concept some time ago, I hope it helps you.
I wrote something like this, an "AuthenticationController" with 2 methods:
public bool Login(string username, string password, bool rememberMe)
{
if (Membership.ValidateUser(username, password))
{
FormsAuthentication.SetAuthCookie(username, rememberMe);
return true;
}
return false;
}
public void Logout()
{
FormsAuthentication.SignOut();
}
The Login method creates a cookie that will be sent to the client; then, in each request, you need to send it back to the server. You can use the [Authorize] attribute in your controller actions to validate allowed roles and rights.
My recommendation is to use have an authentication routine that will assign a token to the client. The client would then cache that token and pass that token in subsequent requests. The authentication routine should be via SSL to prevent sniffing on the wire and shouldn't be stored on the device at all (the token can be cached to the device).
This will give you a fair bit of control over the client. Your service is then in a position where it can preemptively deactivate the client (kill the token and force a re-auth - essentially a timemout situation). You are also in a position to protect your application on the client (if the application is compromised on the device the user credentials won't be passed around).
You could use DotNetOpenAuth to get you started along this path.
[System.Web.Mvc.AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)]
public ActionResult LogOn(string loginIdentifier)
{
if (!Identifier.IsValid(loginIdentifier))
{
ModelState.AddModelError("loginIdentifier",
"The specified login identifier is invalid");
return View();
}
else
{
var openid = new OpenIdRelyingParty();
IAuthenticationRequest request = openid.CreateRequest(
Identifier.Parse(loginIdentifier));
// Require some additional data
request.AddExtension(new ClaimsRequest
{
BirthDate = DemandLevel.NoRequest,
Email = DemandLevel.Require,
FullName = DemandLevel.Require
});
return request.RedirectingResponse.AsActionResult();
}
}
Source: Sample Code

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