How to break axis in R/ggplot2? [duplicate] - r

Question

I'm generating plots for some data, but the number of ticks is too small, I need more precision on the reading.
Is there some way to increase the number of axis ticks in ggplot2?
I know I can tell ggplot to use a vector as axis ticks, but what I want is to increase the number of ticks, for all data. In other words, I want the tick number to be calculated from the data.
Possibly ggplot do this internally with some algorithm, but I couldn't find how it does it, to change according to what I want.

Answer 1

You can override ggplots default scales by modifying scale_x_continuous and/or scale_y_continuous. For example:
library(ggplot2)
dat <- data.frame(x = rnorm(100), y = rnorm(100))
ggplot(dat, aes(x,y)) +
geom_point()
Gives you this:
And overriding the scales can give you something like this:
ggplot(dat, aes(x,y)) +
geom_point() +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = round(seq(min(dat$x), max(dat$x), by = 0.5),1)) +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = round(seq(min(dat$y), max(dat$y), by = 0.5),1))
If you want to simply "zoom" in on a specific part of a plot, look at xlim() and ylim() respectively. Good insight can also be found here to understand the other arguments as well.

Answer 2

Based on Daniel Krizian's comment, you can also use the pretty_breaks function from the scales library, which is imported automatically:
ggplot(dat, aes(x,y)) + geom_point() +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = scales::pretty_breaks(n = 10)) +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = scales::pretty_breaks(n = 10))
All you have to do is insert the number of ticks wanted for n.
A slightly less useful solution (since you have to specify the data variable again), you can use the built-in pretty function:
ggplot(dat, aes(x,y)) + geom_point() +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = pretty(dat$x, n = 10)) +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = pretty(dat$y, n = 10))

Answer 3

You can supply a function argument to scale, and ggplot will use
that function to calculate the tick locations.
library(ggplot2)
dat <- data.frame(x = rnorm(100), y = rnorm(100))
number_ticks <- function(n) {function(limits) pretty(limits, n)}
ggplot(dat, aes(x,y)) +
geom_point() +
scale_x_continuous(breaks=number_ticks(10)) +
scale_y_continuous(breaks=number_ticks(10))

Answer 4

Starting from v3.3.0, ggplot2 has an option n.breaks to automatically generate breaks for scale_x_continuous and scale_y_continuous
library(ggplot2)
plt <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg, y = disp)) +
geom_point()
plt +
scale_x_continuous(n.breaks = 5)
plt +
scale_x_continuous(n.breaks = 10) +
scale_y_continuous(n.breaks = 10)

Answer 5

Additionally,
ggplot(dat, aes(x,y)) +
geom_point() +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(min(dat$x), max(dat$x), by = 0.05))
Works for binned or discrete scaled x-axis data (I.e., rounding not necessary).

Answer 6

A reply to this question and How set labels on the X and Y axises by equal intervals in R ggplot?
mtcars %>%
ggplot(aes(mpg, disp)) +
geom_point() +
geom_smooth() +
scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, 500),
breaks = seq(0,500,50)) +
scale_x_continuous(limits = c(0,40),
breaks = seq(0,40,5))