I would like to add an image background to a gif which contains images of different sizes like this beautiful christmas ball.
Here is the code i tried :
#install.packages("magick")
library(magick)
setwd("C:/Users/...")
christmas <- image_read('christmas.gif')
background <- image_blank(250, 250, color = "red")
frames <- image_composite(background, christmas, offset = "+0+0")
animation <- image_animate(frames, fps = 5)
image_write(animation, "output.gif", format="gif")
And here is the horrible result !!
The problem is that the 3 images of the ball gif are not of the same size so the images are moving when adding a background image.
> christmas
format width height colorspace matte filesize
1 GIF 216 249 sRGB TRUE 47656
2 GIF 202 233 sRGB TRUE 47656
3 GIF 200 214 sRGB TRUE 47656
I didn't find how to fix this problem... : If you could help me before christmas it would be great !!!
Thanks !
Your problem is likely that you need to coalesce the frames to fill them out to the same size. Then later optimize them again. In ImageMagick, I would do:
convert ornament.gif -coalesce -background red -alpha background -alpha off -layers optimize ornament2.gif
See
http://www.imagemagick.org/script/command-line-options.php#coalesce
http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/masking/#alpha
http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/anim_opt/#optimize
Sorry I do not know the equivalent commands in RMagick. But they likely have similar names. Hopefully, this will get you pointed in the right direction.
Related
I have a very large number of images that need to be cropped slightly (by 1 pixel either height-wise or width-wise) in order to do further image-processing on them.
I'm trying to use the Magick package in R to do so, but running into an issue where any images that are gray are saved by Magick in grayscale instead of RGB. I see that people have asked similar questions here and here, and I have tried the solutions offered to no avail. For some reason, when doing Image_Write, setting the defines colorspace to auto-grayscale off and type to truecolor does not work and the images are still saved as grayscale instead of RGB format.
Here is the code I'm trying to use:
crop <- function(a,b) {
image <- image_read(a)
cut <- image_crop(image, b)
image_write(cut, path = a, format = "tiff", defines = c('colorspace:auto-grayscale' = 'false', 'type:truecolor' = 'on'))
}
runcrop <- mapply(crop, mydat[,1], mydat[,2])
Where the input (mydat) is a table with two columns: the path to the image and the pixel size I need the image cropped to. Any image taken in black and white (CH4) is saved as a grayscale output, while all the other channels are correctly saved as RGB images after cropping.
Here is a small excerpt from the table:
> mydat
imtocrop WxH
[1,] "./01 10245 XY01_Fused_CH1.tif" "2288x1218+0+0"
[2,] "./01 10245 XY01_Fused_CH2.tif" "2288x1218+0+0"
[3,] "./01 10245 XY01_Fused_CH3.tif" "2288x1218+0+0"
[4,] "./01 10245 XY01_Fused_CH4.tif" "2288x1218+0+0"
[5,] "./01 10245 XY01_Fused_Overlay.tif" "2288x1218+0+0"
And here is an example image to recapitulate the error: https://www.dropbox.com/s/8m93vflnf6rd6ao/01%2010245%20XY01_Fused_CH4.tif?dl=0
The cropping formula I've written works perfectly, but I can't seem to get Image Magick to save these tiffs as RGB instead of grayscale. I've tried both 'false' and 'off' for auto-grayscale, I've tried 'true' and 'on' for truecolor. I've also tried using only the truecolor option, without the colorspace option (as suggested on ImageMagick's documentation site here). Nothing I do seems to convince Image_Write to output as RBG instead of grayscale. Please let me know if you have any ideas that might fix this error, thanks!
I have no knowledge of R, but am trying to move my knowledge of ImageMagick towards your knowledge of R and maybe we an reach the target of sorting out your problem somewhere in the middle...
Let's make a simple 640x480 solid black image with ImageMagick in the Terminal, and pipe it into exiftool in TIFF format to check its depth and whether it is greyscale or colour:
magick -size 640x480 xc:black tif:- | exiftool - | grep -E '^Bits|^Photometric'
Bits Per Sample : 16
Photometric Interpretation : BlackIsZero <- means GREYSCALE
Ok, not surprisingly, our black 640x480 rectangle came out in greyscale with 16-bits per sample because my ImageMagick was compiled with Q16. Let's rectify the 16-bit-edness:
magick -size 640x480 xc:black -depth 8 tif:- | exiftool - | grep -E '^Bits|^Photometric'
Bits Per Sample : 8 <--- that's better, 8-bit
Photometric Interpretation : BlackIsZero <--- still greyscale
Ok, now let's force the black image to become RGB:
magick -size 640x480 xc:black -type truecolor -depth 8 tif:- | exiftool - | grep -E '^Bits|^Photometric'
Bits Per Sample : 8 8 8
Photometric Interpretation : RGB
My hope is that you can find the corresponding settings/switches/options in R Studio now that you know what they look like.
Another option might be to "shell out" with system() and just use the command-line interface:
magick INPUT.TIF -crop WIDTHxHEIGHT+xoffset+yoffset -type truecolor RESULT.TIF
Note that I am forcing TIFF format and piping to exiftool for simplicity of demonstration. If you are testing in your Terminal, you can write straight to a TIFF file with:
magick -size 640x480 xc:black image.tif
You can also set lossless compression with:
magick -size 640x480 xc:black -compress LZW image.tif
please let me know any other system/code I need to include, as I am not as familiar with writing out images to my computer. I am creating 360 png files as follows:
for(theta in 1:360){
ic=as.character(theta)
if(theta<10) ic=paste("00",ic,sep="")
if(theta>=10 & theta<100) ic=paste("0",ic,sep="") # make filenames the same length
fn=paste("c:iris360\\HW4_",ic,".png",sep="") #filename
png(fn,width=1000,height=1000) # save as *.png
p3(X1,X2, r=100,theta=theta,mainL=paste("theta =",theta))
# legend("topleft",pch=16,cex=1.5,col=allcl)
dev.off()
}
system("magick c:iris360\\HW4*.png c:iris.gif")
where p3 is just a function that takes my matrices X1 and X2 and plots the points and their segments(let me know if I need to include it as well). However, I get this error:
magick: must specify image size iris360HW4*.png' # error/raw.c/ReadRAWImage/140.
I am unable to open the gif file, as my mac says it is damaged or uses a file format that preview does not recognize.
Update 1: I replaced fn's declaration with
fn <- sprintf("c:iris360/HW4_%03i.png", theta)
as well as replacing ic with sprintf("%03i", theta) everywhere it appeared, but still got the same specify image size error.
When I run the system command into my terminal, I still get the same error asking me to specify the image size.
Magick needs to know several things (e.g., image size, delay between frames, images to use, destination file name) in order to convert a stack of png into a gif. See GIF Animations and Animation Meta-data
magick -delay 100 -size 100x100 xc:SkyBlue \
-page +5+10 balloon.gif -page +35+30 medical.gif \
-page +62+50 present.gif -page +10+55 shading.gif \
-loop 0 animation.gif
So it looks like you need to change
system("magick c:iris360\\HW4*.png c:iris.gif")
to something more like
system("magick -delay 10 -size 100x100 —loop 0 c:iris360\\HW4*.png c:iris.gif")
I'm trying to plot a discrete brownian path in gnuplot, which involves a lot of overlaping lines. This is how it's displayed in the qt terminal (I have generated the image with a screenshot):
Notice how the overlapping lines get colored in a stronger color, which is beautiful.
If I export it in png, with
set term pngcairo size 1366,768 enhanced
I obtain this:
All the lines have the same intensity. Setting transparent doesn't help, either.
The same happens with this MWE:
set term pngcairo size 1366,768 background '#000000' enhanced
set output "image.png"
unset key
set border 0
unset xtics
unset ytics
set samples 1e6
set xrange [0:0.1]
p sin(1/x) w l lw 0.3
set output
I'm running gnuplot -d each time so my local config does not get loaded. How should I export the plot to obtain the same effect as in the GUI?
Here are some results of my investigation :
I couldn't achieve beautiful results with pngcairo either. Opacity isn't added when 2 curves overlap each other.
Exporting to SVG and converting to PNG looked a bit better, either with inkscape -z -e image.png -w 1600 -h 1200 image.svg or convert -density 3000 -resize 1600x1200 image.svg image.png. This step could be included in gnuplot as a system command.
It is possible to export the qt render to png directly from the qt window. First menu icon on the left → Export to image
This process could in theory be automated directly from Gnuplot, without user interaction. A patch has been submitted : https://sourceforge.net/p/gnuplot/patches/665/. As far as I can tell, it hasn't been yet integrated into Gnuplot 5.0.x
Here is a related discussion on Gnuplot-dev.
If you feel adventurous, you could try to recompile Gnuplot with the applied patch. The submitter might be able to help you.
Very offtopic in this question, but as a workaround I have made a Julia script that replicates the image feeling that I am looking for. I will post it here in case anybody finds it useful.
using Images
function paint(Ny, Nx, iters=1e6; stepsize = 50)
randstep() = rand([-1;1])
x = Nx÷2
y = Ny÷2
M = zeros(Nx,Ny)
for i in 1:iters
rx = randstep()
ry = randstep()
for i in 1:stepsize
x = mod1(x+rx, Nx)
y = mod1(y+ry, Ny)
M[x,y] += 1
end
end
clamped = M/maximum(M)
img = [Colors.RGB(0,mm,0) for mm in clamped]
end
img = convert(Image,paint(1366,768,1e4,stepsize=10))
save("coolbrownianwalk.png", img)
This produces images like this:
In ImageMagick, I can do "Duotone" effect by following command,
convert rose_grey.jpg -fill blue -tint 100 rose_blue.jpg
But in GraphicsMagick, it doesn't work.
I am stuck: How to do it? Thanks.
I have been getting this error for 2 days in response to iconutil -c icns iconset.iconset:
ImageIO: _CGImagePluginWriteICNS unsupported image size (128 x 128) - scaling factor: 2
ImageIO: _CGImagePluginWriteICNS unsupported image size (16 x 16) - scaling factor: 2
The iconset.iconset folder has 10 .png files icon_512x512#2x.png, icon_512x512.png...and the versions for 256, 128, 32, 16.
The resulting iconset.icns file has only 8 images.
I'm running xcode 4.5 on Lion.
I have searched and searched for an answer. If I just remove the offending 128x128#2x and the 16x16#2x, the message is these files are missing.
Very grateful for any help.
I realized the answer to my question:
The #2x files should have an image size 2x, e.g. icon_128x128.png has image size 128x128 px, but icon_128x128#2x.png actually must have an image size of 256x256 px.
When I asked the question, I did not realize this and my image sizes were the same for each pair.
Hope this helps someone