I have four boxes in a row and they all have the same class. They all should be the same width but one is 1 pixel wider than the rest and it's throwing the row out. As far as I can see, the content is not pushing it, and there is nothing in the box to make it 1 pixel wider. It's the second last box to the right with the contact form in it on this site: http://www.guitarworldcityarcade.com.au/
If it's not content, how can I tell what's making this particular div 1 pixel wider than the rest?
I had compensated for the border in the widths of each box: layout is 1120px wide. 1120/4 = 280. Each box has a padding of 5px, so thats 5 on the left and right. 280-10=270. Then the border, which is 1px on each side, so thats 270-2 = 268. I have set my class for the boxes to be 268px wide and yet one is one pixel wider. I don't really want to sacrifice the border (yet).
You are using border: 1px solid #111111; on line 247 of global.css.
So if you are aware of CSS Box Model
The border is counted outside of the element and not inside hence it offsets your element by 2px and not 1px because it takes 1px on the left, 1px on the right as well as top and bottom too.
So two solutions here, either you can use border: 0; or you need to use box-sizing: border-box; on that element, which will count the border inside instead of outside.
That extra space is coming because of border. So you need to set it to zero.
Declare border: none; for the last box and it will work.
Add this code in your class
border: none;
outline: none;
width:0;
Remove the css border property to that div
border:0px;
Consider the following:
I am writing a debug class to show the position of elements on a page. I want to show the margin edge above (outside dashed line), but realise I can not use the border as this is the inside margin edge. How can I do this?
You’re probably best off setting an outline in combination with an outline-offset. outline is like border, but doesn’t take up any space in the layout and has a slightly different set of rules. Given a div with a 1px border and 10px margin, you’d add an outline like this:
div {
border: 1px solid black;
margin: 10px;
outline: 1px solid red;
outline-offset: 10px;
}
More info on MDN: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/outline-offset
Unfortunately outline-offset isn’t supported in IE. If you need to support that then you’ll have to go down the psuedoelement route as per the other answers.
The box model prevents this.
As you in your original post the margin of a box is not included in it's content size. Without changing your margin to padding this could only be done with pseudo elements.
http://jsfiddle.net/Fcwkw/1/
Since you mentioned it's a class you can simply get a div's margin with some Javascript and set the pseudo padding to the margin.
That's not how border's work, and your image is a perfect example of that. You could create a border with a second element or with the use of :after for example...
You can use :before/:after with position:absolute, border-left/right and height:100%
I have block in my site and i want to do something like that:
http://s13.postimg.org/6ue9a8bfr/Untitled_3.png
but what happens to me is this:
http://s15.postimg.org/derz2m8h7/image.png
this is my div csS:
background-color: #ffffff;
width: 37.2%;
border-top: 4px solid black;
margin: 14px 0.4% 14px 0.4%;
float: left;
-webkit-border-radius: 2px;
border-radius: 2px;
How i can do this?
Thanks!
Old way:
Use a table with 1 row (tr) and 3 cells (td), put your DIVs in those cells, make sure the cells are valign=top.
People that shun table layout way:
Use 3 container DIVs that will represent your columns, relatively position them side by side (float:).
Modern way:
Use flexbox positioning https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Flexible_boxes or use the CSS column-* properties http://playground.html5rocks.com/#columns
Use three separate container divs to represent the three columns. Within each column, which has been set the appropriate width, make the divs inside the containers and set them at 100% each, thus filling up the entire width of the column container forcing the other div elements underneath. Then add appropriate margins.
Sometimes I find myself in a situation where I want to define a border rule for the left and right side of an element. But honestly, border-left: solid 1px #999; border-right: solid 1px #999 is little clumsy. It wastes space, I have to apply changes twice and it may or may not be rendered less efficiently.
Is there a way to define horizontal borders or vertical borders in one go?
<div id="myDiv">Your Div</div>
CSS:
#myDiv
{
border-width:0 1px 0 1px;
border-color:#ddd;
}
You can do it in one go like this:
#myDiv
{
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
border: 1px solid #999;
border-width: 0 1px; /*horizontal, vertical*/
}
http://jsfiddle.net/52AEP/
No.
From https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/CSS/border:
While the border-width, border-style, and border-color properties and
even the margin and padding shorthand properties accept up to four
values, allowing to set different width, style or color, for the
different border, this property only accepts one value for each
property, leading to the same border for the four edges.
So you could switch to using separate border-width, border-style, and border-color properties, using their shorthand properties to set per-side styles - but I think you're best off as you have it.
That said, ensure that you're saving your style definition as a CSS class - that can then be re-used across elements, rather than applying these one-by-one in "style" attributes on elements throughout your page.
unfortunately there is not an option in css ... you must write all border params manually.
What is the difference between border and outline properties in CSS?
If there is no difference, then why are there two properties for the same thing?
From: http://webdesign.about.com/od/advancedcss/a/outline_style.htm
The CSS outline property is a confusing property. When you first learn about it, it's hard to understand how it is even remotely different from the border property. The W3C explains it as having the following differences:
Outlines do not take up space.
Outlines may be non-rectangular.
In addition to some other answers... here are a few more differences I can think of:
1) Rounded corners
border supports rounded corners with the border-radius property. outline doesn't.
div {
width: 150px;
height: 150px;
margin: 20px;
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
}
.border {
border-radius: 75px;
border: 2px solid green;
}
.outline {
outline: 2px solid red;
border-radius: 75px;
-moz-outline-radius: 75px;
outline-radius: 75px;
}
.border:after {
content: "border supports rounded corners";
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
transform: translateY(100%);
}
.outline:after {
content: "outline doesn't support rounded corners";
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
transform: translateY(100%);
}
<div class="border"></div>
<div class="outline"></div>
FIDDLE
(NB: Although firefox has the -moz-outline-radius property which allows rounded corners on outline... this property it is not defined in any CSS standard, and is not supported by other browsers (source))
2) Styling one side only
border has properties to style each side with border-top:, border-left: etc.
outline can't do this. There's no outline-top: etc. It's all or nothing. (see this SO post)
3) offset
outline supports offset with the property outline-offset. border doesn't.
.outline {
margin: 100px;
width: 150px;
height: 150px;
outline-offset: 20px;
outline: 2px solid red;
border: 2px solid green;
background: pink;
}
<div class="outline"></div>
FIDDLE
Note: All major browsers support outline-offset except Internet Explorer
Further to other answers, outlines are usually used for debugging. Opera has some nice user CSS styles that use the outline property to show you where all the elements are in a document.
If you're trying to find out why an element isn't appearing where you expected or at the size you expected, add a few outlines and see where the elements are.
As already mentioned, outlines do not take up space. When you add a border, the element's total width/height in the document increases, but that doesn't happen with outline. Also you can't set outlines on specific sides like borders; it's all or nothing.
tldr;
The W3C explains it as having the following differences:
Outlines do not take up space.
Outlines may be non-rectangular.
Source
Outline should be used for accessibility
It should also be noted that outline's primary purpose is accessibility. Setting it to outline: none should be avoided.
If you must remove it it maybe a better idea to provide alternative styling:
I’ve seen quite a few tips on how to remove the focus indicator by using outline:none or outline:0. Please do not do this, unless you replace the outline with something else that makes it easy to see which element has keyboard focus. Removing the visual indicator of keyboard focus will give people who rely on keyboard navigation a really hard time navigating and using your site.
Source: "Do Not Remove the Outline from Link and Form Controls", 365 Berea Street
More Resources
http://outlinenone.com/
A practical use of outline deals with transparency. If you have a parent element with a background, but want a child element's border to be transparent so that the parent's background will show through, you must use "outline" rather than "border." While a border can be transparent, it will show the child's background, not the parent's.
In other words, this setting created the following effect:
outline: 7px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
From W3 School Site
The CSS border properties allow you to specify the style and color of an element's border.
An outline is a line that is drawn around elements (outside the borders) to make the element "stand out".
The outline shorthand property sets all the outline properties in one declaration.
The properties that can be set, are (in order): outline-color, outline-style, outline-width.
If one of the values above are missing, e.g. "outline:solid #ff0000;", the default value for the missing property will be inserted, if any.
Check here for more information :
http://webdesign.about.com/od/advancedcss/a/outline_style.htm
Border is created inside the element, where as outline is created outside the element. So border is computed along with the width and height of the element, while outline draws outside the element.
A little bit of an old question, but worth mentioning a Firefox rendering bug (still present as of Jan '13) where the outline will render on the outside of all child elements even if they overflow their parent (through negative margins, box-shadows, etc.)
You can fix this with:
.container {
position: relative;
}
.container:before {
content: '';
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
outline: 1px solid #ff0000;
}
Super unfortunate that it's still not fixed. I much prefer outlines in many cases since they do not add to the dimensions of an element, saving you from always having to consider border widths when setting dimensions of an element.
After all, which is simpler?
.container {
width: 960px;
height: 300px;
outline: 3px solid black;
}
Or:
.container {
width: 954px;
height: 294px;
border: 3px solid black;
}
It is also worth noting, that W3C's outline is IE's border, since IE does not implement W3C box model.
In w3c box model, the border is exclusive of element's width and height. In IE it is inclusive.
Differences between border and outline:
Border is part of the box model so it counts against the element's size.
Outline is not part of the box model so it doesn't affect nearby elements.
Demo:
#border {
border: 10px solid black;
}
#outline {
outline: 10px solid black;
}
<html>
<body>
<span id="border">Border</span>Other text<br><br>
<span id="outline">Outline</span>Other text
</body>
</html>
Other differences:
The outline is displayed outside the border.
Outlines cannot have rounded corners; borders can.
I've made a little piece of css/html code just to see the difference between both.
outline is better to inclose potential overflowing child elements, especially into an inline container.
border is much more adapted for block-behaving elements.
Fiddle for you sir!
The outline property in CSS draws a line around the outside of an element. It's similar to border except that:
It always goes around all the sides, you can't specify particular
sides It's not a part of the box model, so it won't effect the
position of the element or adjacent elements
Source: https://css-tricks.com/almanac/properties/o/outline/
As a practical example of using "outline", the faint dotted border that follows the system focus on a webpage (eg. if you tab through the the links) can be controlled using the outline property (at least, I know it can in Firefox, not tried other browsers).
A common "image replacement" technique is to use, for example:
<div id="logo">Foo Widgets Ltd.</div>
with the following in the CSS:
#logo
{
background: url(/images/logo.png) center center no-repeat;
}
#logo a
{
display: block;
text-indent: -1000em;
}
The problem being that when the focus reaches the tag, the outline heads off 1000em to the left. Outline can allow you to turn off the focus outline on such elements.
I believe that the IE Developer Toolbar is also using something like outline "under the hood" when highlighting elements for inspection in "select" mode. That shows well the fact that "outline" takes up no space.
think about outline as a border that a projector draw outside something as a border is an actual object around that thing.
a projection can easily overlap but border don't let you pass.
some times when i use grid+%width, border will change the scaling on view port,for example a div with width:100% in a parent with width:100px fills the parent completely, but when i add border:solid 5px to div it make the div smaller to make space for border(although it's rare and work-aroundable!) but with outline it doesn't have this problem as outline is more virtual :D it's just a line outside the element
but the problem is if you don't do spacing properly it would overlap with other contents.
to make it short:
outline pros:
it doesn't mess with spacing and positions
cons:
high chance of overlapping
Google web.dev has a good explaintion for Box Model.
The border box surrounds the padding box and its space is occupied by the border value. The border box is the bounds of your box and the border edge is the limit of what you can visually see. The border property is used to visually frame an element.
The margin box, is the space around your box, defined by the margin rule on your box. Properties such as outline and box-shadow occupy this space too because they are painted on top, so they don't affect the size of our box. You could have an outline-width of 200px on our box and everything inside and including the border box would be exactly the same size.
Copied from W3Schools:
Definition and Usage
An outline is a line that is drawn
around elements (outside the borders)
to make the element "stand out".