Conditional rewriting, how to manage PHP scripts? - nginx

Question

I need to create an API gateway that I can't test... But the problem is about manage PHP scripts.
What I need
all files HTML or PHP
special names as my1 and issn redirect to localhost at port 2018
special names as my2 and my3 redirect to ETC.php
Explanation
Pseudocode with details of "What I need",
if ($uri exists) {
if extension is .php use it with php7.0-fpm.sock
else use it as static page;
} else
try the #proxy_rewrite_engine;
#proxy_rewrite_engine =
if (regex ^\(my[23])$ use
ETC.php;
elseif (regex ^/(\d+)/my1$ use
http://127.0.0.1:2018?type=int&val=$1
elseif ^/([0-9]+\-\d+[Xx]?)/issn$ use
http://127.0.0.1:2018?type=str&val=$1
else
say error;
What I try
My problematic solution, please show a real solution, translating the "Explanation" section into concrete and correct NGINX script code.
... Below, my wrong-NGINX-script for clues and inspiration, it is not the solution... Need to use if instead neasted location? The fastcgi_param is valid? Can I group locations?
server {
server_name test.mytest.news;
root /var/www/test;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ #proxy;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri =404;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf; # without SCRIPT_FILENAME
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
}
location #proxy {
rewrite ^\?(my[23])$ $document_root/ETC.php?cmd=$1
last;
rewrite ^/(\d+)/my1$ ?type=int&val=$1
break;
rewrite ^/([0-9]+\-\d+[Xx]?)/issn$ ?type=str&val=$1
break;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:2018;
}
include snippets/ssl-test.mytest.news.conf;
} #end server
NOTE for #cnst comment: Suppose that what I need when say "all files HTML or PHP" = the try_files must to try other files tham index.htm, can be folders, imagens and other files.

Answer 1

If the desire is to have "a script 100% reliable, by its construction (not by testing)", then putting multiple independent issues in a single question is probably not the best approach.
Your rationale behind having to check existence of files prior to passing the request to a separate backend is not entirely clear, especially if the request is matching a given regular expression, like issn$. Best approach would be to use separate location directives for each distinct handling of the case.
More specifically, the following is also wrong with your approach: the regular expression in rewrite ^\?(my[23])$ is unlikely to match any request, as all external requests start with a slash.
Likewise, as per https://serverfault.com/a/864778/110020, the replacement string in rewrite ^/(\d+)/my1$ ?type=int&val=$1 is unlikely to be correct; in fact, when I've tried your code as above, the following is the 500 Internal Server Error I've gotten, as per nginx/error.log:
2017/07/24 08:46:22 [error] 45776#0: *2 the rewritten URI has a zero length, client: 127.0.0.1, server: , request: "GET /44444/my1 HTTP/1.1", host: "localhost:
This happens because you indeed rewrite URI to become an empty one — the question mark, ?, and anything after it, is generally not part of URI in request processing within nginx, so, as such, the URI is indeed entirely empty. Solution: at least put a slash in front of ? (i.e., /?id=), or, better yet, a full name of the script that must be activated (especially since this is merely an internal redirect).

Answer 2

Nginx works good with large configs. Bad idea optimize nginx.conf.
Do it simple, it'll work hard:)
I think config like this will work fine:
# Try to load existing files
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ #rewriteIt;
}
# Handle all requests except two other locations below
location #rewriteIt {
# Send it to index.php
rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?cmd=$1 last;
}
# This RegExp location will rewrite to ETC.php
# It is more priority, than "/" and #rewriteIt
location ~ ^(my2|my3) $ {
rewrite ^(.*)$ /ETC.php?cmd=$1 last;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf; # without SCRIPT_FILENAME
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
}
# This RegExp location will proxy to 2018 port
# It is more priority, than "/" and #rewriteIt
location ~ ^(my1|issn) $ {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:2018;
}
# This location handles all php files to php-fpm
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri =404;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf; # without SCRIPT_FILENAME
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
}