doing for loop in R - r

I have a file that I have filtered my SNPs for LD (in the example below;my.filtered.snp.id). I want to keep only these SNPs in my genotype matrix (geno_snp), I am trying to write a for loops in R, and I would appreciate any help to fix my code. I want to keep those lines (the whole line including snp.id and genotype information) in the genotype matrix where snp.id matches with snp.id in my my.filtered.snp.id and delete those that are not match.
head(my.filtered.snp.id)
Chr10_31458
Chr10_31524
Chr10_45901
Chr10_102754
Chr10_102828
Chr10_103480
head (geno_snp)
XRQChr10_103805 NA NA NA 0 NA 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0
XRQChr10_103937 NA NA NA 0 NA 1 NA NA NA NA NA 0 2
XRQChr10_103990 NA NA NA 0 NA 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 NA
I am trying something like this:
for (i in 1:length(geno_snp[,1])){
for (j in 1:length(my.filtered.snp.id)){
if geno_snp[i,] == my.filtered.snp.i[j]
print (the whole line in geno_snp)
}
else (remove the line)
}

If I understood it correctly, you want a subset of your data.frame geno_snp in which the row names must match the selected SNP IDs from the vector my.filtered.snp.id.
Please check if this solution works for you:
index <- unlist(sapply(row.names(geno_snp), function(x) grep(pattern = x, x = my.filtered.snp.id)))
selected_subset <- geno_snp[index,]
What I did was to create an index adressing the rows with names that were a match with any value in my.filtered.snp.id. Then I used the index to make the subset of the dataframe. Since the result from applying the grep function with the aid of sapply was in the form of a list, I used unlist to obtain the results in the form of a vector.
EDIT:
I noticed you had some row.names that weren't an exact match with your original my.filtered.snp.id values. In this case, maybe what you wanna do is:
index <- unlist(sapply(my.filtered.snp.id, function(x) grep(pattern = x, x = row.names(geno_snp))))
selected_subset <- geno_snp[index,]
The thing is that you have row.names beggining with XRQ... so in this last case the code uses the reference values from my.filtered.snp.id to detect matches in row.names(geno_snp), even if there is this XRQ string in the beggining of it.
Finally, in the case I have misunderstood your data and what I'm calling row names here are, in fact, data in a column (the SNP IDs), just use geno_snp[,1] instead of row.names(geno_snp) in both codes above.

Related

dplyr rolling change multiple columns based on multiple columns

I am trying to bring multiple things together using dplyr: Given I have a time series of multiple returns, I want to calculate the average correlation (I simplified my real task to give the easiest possible example) of all returns with all of the other returns. Of course (in contrast to the example below) my real dataset is rather large (and not yet spread(stock,ret)) contains multiple NAs. Also, in a second step I would have to create my own function and supply that to rollapply. Therefore, if you have a suggestion using something from the RCpproll-package I would be more than happy!
In the below example you can see that I need to input all columns at once, select a window, apply a function to all columns simultaneously, receive a vector with the same number of columns and so on...
Here is my example:
df <- data.frame(Date =as.Date("1926-01-01")+1:24,
PERMNO1 = rnorm(24,0.01,0.3),
PERMNO2 = rnorm(24,0.02,0.4),
PERMNO2 = rnorm(24,-0.01,0.6))
df %>%
do(rollapplyr(.[,-1],width=12,function(a) colMeans(cor(a))))
What I would like to get is something like this:
df2 <- df; df2[,2:4]<-NA
for (i in 12:24){
df2[i,2:4] <- colMeans(cor(df[(i-12):i,2:4]))
}
df2
Date PERMNO1 PERMNO2 PERMNO2.1
1926-01-02 NA NA NA
1926-01-03 NA NA NA
1926-01-04 NA NA NA
1926-01-05 NA NA NA
1926-01-06 NA NA NA
1926-01-07 NA NA NA
1926-01-08 NA NA NA
1926-01-09 NA NA NA
1926-01-10 NA NA NA
1926-01-11 NA NA NA
1926-01-12 NA NA NA
1926-01-13 0.14701350 0.2001694 0.3787320
1926-01-14 0.15364347 0.2438042 0.3143516
1926-01-15 0.16118233 0.2549841 0.3266877
1926-01-16 0.04727533 0.2534126 0.3132990
1926-01-17 0.05220443 0.2411095 0.2744379
1926-01-18 0.12252848 0.2461743 0.2766122
1926-01-19 0.08414717 0.2287705 0.2897744
1926-01-20 0.11164866 0.2503174 0.2414130
1926-01-21 0.08886537 0.2604810 0.2621597
1926-01-22 0.14216304 0.2667540 0.2543573
1926-01-23 0.12654902 0.3086711 0.2751671
1926-01-24 0.11068607 0.3019835 0.2728166
1926-01-25 0.06714698 0.2696828 0.2184242
Convert the data frame to a zoo object, run rollapplyr and convert back:
library(dplyr)
library(zoo)
df %>%
read.zoo %>%
rollapplyr(12, function(x) colMeans(cor(x)), by.column = FALSE, fill = NA) %>%
fortify.zoo
The last line could be omitted if you want to just keep the answer as a zoo object which would probably be more convenient than representing a time series as a data frame.

Appending to an R List one by one

Let's say I have data like:
> data[295:300,]
Date sulfate nitrate ID
295 2003-10-22 NA NA 1
296 2003-10-23 NA NA 1
297 2003-10-24 3.47 0.363 1
298 2003-10-25 NA NA 1
299 2003-10-26 NA NA 1
300 2003-10-27 NA NA 1
Now I would like to add all the nitrate values into a new list/vector. I'm using the following code:
i <- 1
my_list <- c()
for(val in data)
{
my_list[i] <- val
i <- i + 1
}
But this is what happens:
Warning message:
In x[i] <- val :
number of items to replace is not a multiple of replacement length
> i
[1] 2
> x
[1] NA
Where am I going wrong? The data is part of a Coursera R Programming coursework. I can assure you that this is not an assignment/quiz. I have been trying to understand what is the best way append elements into a list with a loop? I have not proceeded to the lapply or sapply part of the coursework, so thinking about workarounds.
Thanks in advance.
If it's a duplicate question, please direct me to it.
As we mention in the comments, you are not looping over the rows of your data frame, but the columns (also sometimes variables). Hence, loop over data$nitrate.
i <- 1
my_list <- c()
for(val in data$nitrate)
{
my_list[i] <- val
i <- i + 1
}
Now, instead of looping over your values, a better way is to use that you want the new vector and the old data to have the same index, so loop over the index i. How do you tell R how many indexes there are? Here you have several choices again: 1:nrow(data), 1:length(data$nitrate) and several other ways. Below I have given you a few examples of how to extract from the data frame.
my_vector <- c()
for(i in 1:nrow(data)){
my_vector[i] <- data$nitrate[i] ## Version 1 of extracting from data.frame
my_vector[i] <- data[i,"nitrate"] ## Version 2: [row,column name]
my_vector[i] <- data[i,3] ## Version 3: [row,column number]
}
My suggestion: Rather than calling the collection a list, call it a vector, since that is what it is. Vectors and lists behave a little differently in R.
Of course, in reality you don't want to get the data out one by one. A much more efficient way of getting your data out is
my_vector2 <- data$nitrate

R function to sort column by string length then by alphabet?

I would like to sort one column in my data frame by string length first then by alphabet, I tried code below:
#sort column by string length then alphabet
GSN[order(nchar(GSN[,3]),GSN[,3]),]
But I got error
Error in nchar(GSN[, 3]) : 'nchar()' requires a character vector
My data looks like:
Flowcell Lane barcode sample plate row column
314 NA NA AACAGACATT LD06_7620SDS GSN1_Hind384D B 4
307 NA NA AACAGCACT LG10_2688SDS GSN1_Hind384D C 3
289 NA NA AACCTC U09_105007SDS GSN1_Hind384D A 1
232 NA NA AACGACCACC 13_232 GSN1_Hind384C H 5
10 NA NA AACGCACATT 13_10 GSN1_Hind384A B 2
165 NA NA AACGG 13_165 GSN1_Hind384B E 9
I would like to sort "barcode" column.
Thanks for your time.
You can add another column to your data frame that contains the number of characters in the barcode, then sort in the usual way.
GSN <- transform(GSN, n=nchar(as.character(barcode)))
GSN[with(GSN, order(n, barcode)), ]
It appears that the issue you were having is because R thinks that barcode is a factor rather than a character vector, so nchar() is invalid. Converting it to character via as.character() solves this.
I wish to add a tidyverse solution
library(tidyverse)
GSN_sorted = GSN %>%
mutate(barcode = as.character(barcode)) %>%
arrange(str_length(barcode), barcode)
Note the factor to character conversion originally pointed out by Alex A.

Unexpected row(s) of NAs when selecting subset of dataframe

When selecting a subset of data from a dataframe, I get row(s) entirely made up of NA values that were not present in the original dataframe. For example:
example.df[example.df$census_tract == 27702, ]
returns:
census_tract number_households_est
NA NA NA
23611 27702 2864
Where did that first row of NAs come from? And why is it returned even though example.df$census_tract != 27702 for that row?
That is because there is a missing observation
> sum(is.na(example.df$census_tract))
[1] 1
> example.df[which(is.na(example.df$census_tract)), ]
census_tract number_households_est
64 NA NA
When == evaluates the 64th row it gives NA because by default we can't know wheter 27702 is equal to the missing value. Therefore the result is missing (aka NA). So a NA is putted in the logical vector used for indexing purposes. And this gives, by default, a full-of-NA row, because we are asking for a row but "we don't know which one".
The proper way is
> example.df[example.df$census_tract %in% 27702, ]
census_tract number_households_est
23611 27702 2864
HTH, Luca

How to show indexes of NAs?

I have the piece to display NAs, but I can't figure it out.
try(na.fail(x))
> Error in na.fail.default(x) : missing values in object
# display NAs
myvector[is.na(x)]
# returns
NA NA NA NA
The only thing I get from this the length of the NA vector, which is actually not too helpful when the NAs where caused by a bug in my code that I am trying to track. How can I get the index of NA element(s) ?
I also tried:
subset(x,is.na(x))
which has the same effect.
EDIT:
y <- complete.cases(x)
x[!y]
# just returns another
NA NA NA NA
You want the which function:
which(is.na(arr))
is.na() will return a boolean index of the same shape as the original data frame.
In other words, any cells in that m x n index with the value TRUE correspond to NA values in the original data frame.
You can them use this to change the NAs, if you wish:
DF[is.na(DF)] = 999
To get the total number of data rows with at least one NA:
cc = complete.cases(DF)
num_missing = nrow(DF) - sum(ok)
which(Dataset$variable=="") will return the corresponding row numbers in a particular column
R Code using loop and condition :
# Testing for missing values
is.na(x) # returns TRUE if x is missing
y <- c(1,NA,3,NA)
is.na(y)
# returns a vector (F F F T)
# Print the index of NA values
for(i in 1:length(y)) {
if(is.na(y[i])) {
cat(i, ' ')
}
}
Output is :
Click here
Also :
which(is.na(y))

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