error screenshot I am trying to execute the below program in Toad.
create or replace procedure tst_excp as
var_sal number;
var_empid number;
var_excp exception;
begin
select sal into var_sal from emp
where empno = &var_empid;
if var_sal < 4500 then
raise var_excp;
end if;
exception
when var_excp then
dbms_output.put_line ('The salary is low');
end;
and I am getting an error at the line: where empno = &var_empid;
error message is:
PL/SQL: ORA-00936: missing expression
I am planning to pass the value to the variable while executing it.
the & is part of the sqlplus (and TOAD, SQL Developer and PL/SQL Developer) runtime variables. it will prompt you on execution (in your case while compiling the procedure) for an input to replace in the code.
if you want the get an input for the procedure, so it will be added to the where clause on every run, you need to receive it as an input variable:
create or replace procedure tst_excp (var_empid in number) as -- << changed here
var_sal number;
var_empid number;
var_excp exception;
begin
select sal into var_sal from emp
where empno = var_empid; -- << changed here too
if var_sal < 4500 then
raise var_excp;
end if;
exception
when var_excp then
dbms_output.put_line ('The salary is low');
end;
Related
here is my PLSQL code:
declare
headerStr varchar2(1000):='C1~C2~C3~C5~C6~C7~C8~C9~C10~C11~C12~C16~C17~C18~C19~RN';
mainValStr varchar2(32000):='1327~C010802~9958756666~05:06AM~NO~DISPOSAL~NDL~4~P32~HELLO~U~28-OCT-2017~28-OCT-2017~Reject~C010741~1;1328~C010802~9958756666~06:07AM~MH~DROP~NDL~1~P32~~U~28-OCT-2017~28-OCT-2017~Reject~C010741~2;1329~C010802~9999600785~01:08AM~BV~DROP~NDL~2~P32~MDFG~U~28-OCT-2017~28-OCT-2017~Reject~C010741~3';
valStr varchar2(4000);
headerCur sys_refcursor;
mainValCur sys_refcursor;
valCur sys_refcursor;
header varchar2(1000);
val varchar2(1000);
iterator number:=1000;
strIdx number;
strLen number;
idx number;
TYPE T_APPROVAL_RECORD IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(4000) INDEX BY VARCHAR2(1000);
headerTable T_APPROVAL_RECORD;
cnt number;
begin
open headerCur for select * from table(split_str(headerStr,'~'));
open mainValCur for select * from table(split_str(mainValStr,';'));
loop
fetch mainValCur into valStr;
exit when mainValCur%notfound;
insert into header_test values(cnt, valStr); -- for testing purpose
open valCur for select * from table(split_str(valStr,'~'));
loop
fetch valCur into val;
fetch headerCur into header;
exit when valCur%notfound;
exit when headerCur%notfound;
insert into header_test values(header, val);
headerTable(header):= val;
end loop;
idx := headerTable.FIRST; -- Get first element of array
WHILE idx IS NOT NULL LOOP
insert into header_test values (idx, headerTable(idx));
idx := headerTable.NEXT(idx); -- Get next element of array
END LOOP;
headerTable.delete;
end loop;
commit;
end;
c1 c2 ..... c19 are column name and RN is rownumber,
data for the columns of each will be in mainValString seperated by ;
Why i am getting ORA-14551 when i am trying to access collection "headerTable"?
Please help.
Problem is with this line.
idx := headerTable.FIRST;
The index of headertable is of TYPE VARCHAR2 whereas idx is defined as NUMBER.
declare idx as VARCHAR2(1000), it should work.
Having said that, ORA-14551 - Cannot perform DML ... is not related to this error. It is unclear to me why should you encounter this error.
Oh but it does:
EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN
v_msg:=sqlcode||sqlerrm;
insert into err_data_transfer values('SPLIT_STR',v_msg,sysdate,null);
It may only be during an exception, but it's still DML during a select statement. You may be able to create another procedure as an AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION to create the error log. Also, you should either re-raise or raise_application_error afterward. If not your procedure will continue as though the error did not occur; which leads to more problems as to why your main process does not work (including running to completion but doing the wrong thing).
I need to create a trigger that when the last employee of the dept is deleted from emp table, the dept is deleted from the dept table.
emp(empno, ename, deptno)
dept(deptno, dname)
First, I created a procedure that deletes the dept from dept table given a deptno.
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE del_dept
(v_dno in number)
is
begin
delete from DEPT where deptno = v_dno;
end;
Then I created a trigger that deletes the dept when the last emp in that dept is deleted. I tried to test the trigger by deleting one of the three emps in deptno10, but I got error mesg from command that trigger is invalid and failed re-validation.
create or replace trigger del_dept
after delete on EMP
for each row
DECLARE
emp_count Number;
g_dno Number;
begin
SELECT COUNT(:old.ename) INTO emp_count FROM emp group by deptno;
FOR i IN 1.. emp_count LOOP
IF i = emp_count THEN
del_dept(g_dno);
end if;
END LOOP;
End;
Error trigger is invalid and failed re-validation specifies that yor trigger was created with compilation error hence you were not able to test it. This is not a good idea to write a trigger in your case. I can see few issues in you code. So lets first resolve these issues.
When you write the code below, your trigger would be compiled and would be a valid one. So you will not get the error trigger is invalid and failed re-validation
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER del_dept
AFTER DELETE
ON EMP
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
EMP_CNT NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT (1)
INTO emp_cnt
FROM emp
WHERE deptno = :old.deptno;
IF emp_cnt = 0
THEN
---del_dept is your procedure to delete records from dept table
del_dept (:old.deptno);
END IF;
END;
But when you would try to execute it you will further get the error:
ORA-04091: table EMP is mutating, trigger/function may not see it
ORA-06512: at "DEL_DEPT", line 4 ORA-04088: error during execution of
trigger 'DEL_DEPT'
The reason for getting this error is you are trying to select from the table from which you are deleting records and thats not allowed in oracle.
The best way for your case is to write a procedure which would delete the records once the last employee data is deleted from your dept table . See below:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE del_dept (dept_no NUMBER)
IS
EMP_CNT NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT (1)
INTO emp_cnt
FROM emp
WHERE deptno = dept_no;
IF emp_cnt = 0
THEN
del_dept (dept_no);
END IF;
END;
My whole intention to catch exception,WRONG parameter is NOT CATCHING exception.
Here is the code:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE list_emp (p_emp_id IN employees.employee_id%TYPE,
p_dept_id IN employees.department_id%TYPE)
IS
CURSOR c1 IS
SELECT *
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID=p_emp_id
AND DEPARTMENT_ID=p_dept_id;
emp_rec c1%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN c1;
LOOP
FETCH c1 INTO emp_rec;
EXIT WHEN c1%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(emp_rec.employee_id||' '||emp_rec.first_name||' '||emp_rec.last_name);
END LOOP;
CLOSE c1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No Record Found ');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No Record Found ');
END;
When the cursor is opened and fetched with the wrong parameter that does not match any row from the corresponding table, the following line
EXIT WHEN c1%NOTFOUND;
cause the plsql procedure to terminate (because there were no rows found). Hence no exception is raised.
If you do want to display some sort of output you can do the following instead
IF c1%FOUND THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Record Found');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('Finished/Done');
EXIT;
END IF;
If you want to raise an error after looping through a cursor that returns no rows, then you're going to have to use a counter to work out how many rows have been processed, and then you can do something if no rows have been processed.
Something like:
create or replace procedure list_emp (p_emp_id in employees.employee_id%type,
p_dept_id in employees.department_id%type)
is
cursor c1 is
select employee_id,
first_name,
last_name
from employees
where employee_id = p_emp_id
and department_id = p_dept_id;
v_count number := 0;
begin
for emp_rec in c1
loop
v_count := v_count + 1;
dbms_output.put_line(emp_rec.employee_id||' '||emp_rec.first_name||' '||emp_rec.last_name);
end loop;
if v_count = 0 then
raise no_data_found;
end if;
exception
when no_data_found then
dbms_output.put_line('No Record Found.');
raise;
when others then
dbms_output.put_line('An error occurred: '||sqlerrm);
raise;
end;
/
A few notes:
I converted your cursor loop into a cursor-for-loop; you don't need to worry about declaring the record type and also Oracle handles the opening and closing of the cursor for you.
I added raise; to each of your exception handlers - in general, having when others then null (which is effectively what your original code was doing - no errors are raised to the calling code) is a bad idea. I added the raise to the no_data_found condition as that wasn't doing anything either; typically, if you have an exception condition, you want it to do something to let the calling code know there was a problem (not always, of course; sometimes you don't want the processing to stop if a particular error condition is met).
Your cursor was selecting all columns, but in your procedure, you were only using three of them. I've therefore amended the cursor so that it only pulls back those three columns.
Don't rely on dbms_output in your production code. Code that calls this procedure won't see anything populated in dbms_output, unless it explicitly looks for it - and that's not something I've ever seen in any production code, outside of Database tools (eg. SQL*Plus, Toad, etc). I've left this in your procedure as I've a feeling this is a learning exercise for you, but please don't think that this is in any way acceptable in production code.
You're passing p_emp_id in as a parameter - typically, that's the primary key of the employees table. If that's the case, then there's no need for the cursor for loop at all - you could do it by using select ... into ... instead, like so:
.
create or replace procedure list_emp (p_emp_id in employees.employee_id%type,
p_dept_id in employees.department_id%type)
is
v_emp_id employees.employee_id%type;
v_first_name employees.first_name%type;
v_last_name employees.last_name%type;
begin
select employee_id,
first_name,
last_name
into v_emp_id,
v_first_name,
v_last_name
from employees
where employee_id = p_emp_id
and department_id = p_dept_id;
dbms_output.put_line(emp_rec.employee_id||' '||emp_rec.first_name||' '||emp_rec.last_name);
exception
when no_data_found then
dbms_output.put_line('No Record Found.');
raise;
when others then
dbms_output.put_line('An error occurred: '||sqlerrm);
raise;
end;
/
Alternatively, just pass back a ref cursor:
create or replace procedure list_emp (p_emp_id in employees.employee_id%type,
p_dept_id in employees.department_id%type,
p_ref_cur out sys_refcursor)
is
begin
open p_ref_cur for select employee_id,
first_name,
last_name
from employees
where employee_id = p_emp_id
and department_id = p_dept_id;
-- No need for an exception handler here since you're not storing the error details anyway.
-- By not having an error handler, any error will automatically be raised up to the calling code
-- and it will have the correct error stack trace info (e.g. the line number the error occurred,
-- rather than the line the error was reraised from
end;
/
And to run the ref cursor in SQL*Plus (or as a script in Toad/SQL Developer/etc), you do the following:
-- create a variable outside of PL/SQL to hold the ref cursor pointer (this is a SQL*Plus command):
variable rc refcursor;
-- populate our ref cursor variable with the pointer. Note how we pass it in as a bind variable
begin
list_emp(p_emp_id => 1234,
p_dept_id => 10,
p_ref_cur => :rc);
end;
/
-- finally, print the contents of the ref cursor.
print rc;
Am getting this error 'PL/SQL: ORA-00942: table or view does not exist' in Oracle 11G when I try to runt his portion of my script. It seems the select statement isn't parsing the name of the variable from the cursor. Need help to ensure this can read the table name variable from the cursor.
DECLARE
ITEM_ERROR NUMBER;
CNT_SITE VARCHAR2(46);
CURSOR C_SITEID IS
SELECT OBJECTNAME,ATTRIBUTENAME FROM MAXATTRIBUTE WHERE ATTRIBUTENAME LIKE 'SITE%' GROUP BY OBJECTNAME,ATTRIBUTENAME, COLUMNNAME;
SITEIDRec C_SITEID%RowType;
BEGIN
BEGIN
OPEN C_SITEID;
LOOP
FETCH C_SITEID into SITEIDRec;
EXIT WHEN C_SITEID %NOTFOUND;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(SITEID) into CNT_SITE FROM SITEIDRec.OBJECTNAME
WHERE SITEID IN ('COLLEGE NANO SCI ENG-TGCM','FREESCALE-BALAZS','TGCM-GLOBAL FOUNDRIES','INTL RECTIFIER-TGM','TGCM-DMOS5','TGCM-IMFT','TGCM-TRIQUINT','GP-TRIQUINT');
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN NULL;
END;
END LOOP;
--COMMIT;
CLOSE C_SITEID;
--COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN NULL;
END;
--COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
MSG_TEXT := SUBSTR(SQLERRM,1,200);
--COMMIT;
raise;
END;
I think you have FROM TableName missing in your query and hence it's rightly complaining.
SELECT COUNT(SITEID) into SITEIDRec.OBJECTNAME
WHERE SITEID IN
('COLLEGE NANO SCI ENG-TGCM','FREESCALE-BALAZS',
'TGCM-GLOBAL FOUNDRIES','INTL RECTIFIER-TGM','TGCM-DMOS5',
'TGCM-IMFT','TGCM-TRIQUINT','GP-TRIQUINT');
Please correct your query by adding the From TableName.
EDIT: Try using EXECUTE IMMEDIATE as below
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'SELECT COUNT(SITEID) into CNT_SITE FROM '
|| SITEIDRec.OBJECTNAME ||
' WHERE SITEID IN (''COLLEGE NANO SCI ENG-TGCM'',''FREESCALE-BALAZS'',
''TGCM-GLOBAL FOUNDRIES'',''INTL RECTIFIER-TGM'',''TGCM-DMOS5'',
''TGCM-IMFT'',''TGCM-TRIQUINT'',''GP-TRIQUINT'')';
if i write procedure creating code like this
declare
salary number :=20000;
employee_id number :=36325;
procedure give_bonus(emp_id in number,bonus in number) is
begin
dbms_output.put_line(emp_id);
dbms_output.put_line(bonus);
end;
begin
case
when salary >=10000 and salary <=20000 then
give_bonus(employee_id,1500);
when salary >= 20000 and salary <=40000 then
give_bonus(employee_id,1000);
when salary>40000 then
give_bonus(employee_id,500);
else
give_bonus(employee_id,0);
end case ;
end;
it writes on output
anonymous block completed
but if i write a head of procedure word this one
create or replace procedure give_bonus ,it writes errors,please help me why?
error is this
Error starting at line 1 in command:
declare
salary number :=20000;
employee_id number :=36325;
create or replace procedure give_bonus(emp_id in number,bonus in number) is
begin
dbms_output.put_line(emp_id);
dbms_output.put_line(bonus);
end;
begin
case
when salary >=10000 and salary <=20000 then
give_bonus(employee_id,1500);
when salary >= 20000 and salary <=40000 then
give_bonus(employee_id,1000);
when salary>40000 then
give_bonus(employee_id,500);
else
give_bonus(employee_id,0);
end case ;
end;
Error report:
ORA-06550: line 4, column 3:
PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "CREATE" when expecting one of the following:
begin function pragma procedure subtype type <an identifier>
<a double-quoted delimited-identifier> current cursor delete
exists prior
06550. 00000 - "line %s, column %s:\n%s"
*Cause: Usually a PL/SQL compilation error.
*Action:
CREATE OR REPLACE only works for top-level objects. If you are declaring a procedure inside of another PL/SQL block, there is, by definition, nothing to replace. You aren't creating a procedure that will exist once the anonymous block finishes so there is nothing to replace. You're simply declaring a procedure that has the same scope as a local variable.
You could create a standalone procedure
create or replace procedure give_bonus(emp_id in number,bonus in number)
is
begin
dbms_output.put_line(emp_id);
dbms_output.put_line(bonus);
end;
and then reference that procedure in your anonymous PL/SQL block
declare
salary number :=20000;
employee_id number :=36325;
begin
case
when salary >=10000 and salary <=20000 then
give_bonus(employee_id,1500);
when salary >= 20000 and salary <=40000 then
give_bonus(employee_id,1000);
when salary>40000 then
give_bonus(employee_id,500);
else
give_bonus(employee_id,0);
end case ;
end;