Getting a difference between time(n+1)-time(n) in a dataframe in r - r

I have a dataframe where the columns represent monthly data and the rows different simulations. the data I am working with accumulates over time so I want to take the difference between the months to get the true value for that month. There are not headers for my data frame
For example:
View(df)=
1 3 4 6 19 23 24 25 26 ...
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ...
0 0 2 3 5 7 14 14 14 ...
My plan was to use the diff() function or something like it, but I am having trouble using it on a dataframe.
I have tried:
df1<-diff(df, lag = 1, differences = 1)
but only get zeros.
I am grateful for any advice.

see ?apply. If it's a data frame
apply(df,2,diff)
should work. Also since a dataframe is a list of vectors sapply(df,diff) should work.

Related

Optimal binning for numerical data using R

I have a data frame that looks like this
data link: https://1drv.ms/t/s!ArOzUuixE-mg6W7zY2Xvgu80dCsL?e=BuP6xM
letters counts
1 AAAAAA 21
2 AAAAAAAA 9
3 AAAAAAAACAAGGA 1
4 AAAAAAAAGAGT 1
5 AAAAAAACA 24
6 AAAAAAACACAAG 1
7 AAAAAAACAGGG 41
8 AAAAAAACAGTCAATCCTA 2
9 AAAAAAAG 48
10 AAAAAAAGCTGT 2
I have millions of rows like this. I have tried the package "smbinning"
but I am not sure how it can be applied to this type of data.
Do you know any other package or how the smbinning might work.
Thank for your time

Frequency distribution using binCounts

I have a dataset of Ages for the customer and I wanted to make a frequency distribution by 9 years of a gap of age.
Ages=c(83,51,66,61,82,65,54,56,92,60,65,87,68,64,51,
70,75,66,74,68,44,55,78,69,98,67,82,77,79,62,38,88,76,99,
84,47,60,42,66,74,91,71,83,80,68,65,51,56,73,55)
My desired outcome would be similar to below-shared table, variable names can be differed(as you wish)
Could I use binCounts code into it ? if yes could you help me out using the code as not sure of bx and idxs in this code?
binCounts(x, idxs = NULL, bx, right = FALSE) ??
Age Count
38-46 3
47-55 7
56-64 7
65-73 14
74-82 10
83-91 6
92-100 3
Much Appreciated!
I don't know about the binCounts or even the package it is in but i have a bare r function:
data.frame(table(cut(Ages,0:7*9+37)))
Var1 Freq
1 (37,46] 3
2 (46,55] 7
3 (55,64] 7
4 (64,73] 14
5 (73,82] 10
6 (82,91] 6
7 (91,100] 3
To exactly duplicate your results:
lowerlimit=c(37,46,55,64,73,82,91,101)
Labels=paste(head(lowerlimit,-1)+1,lowerlimit[-1],sep="-")#I add one to have 38 47 etc
group=cut(Ages,lowerlimit,Labels)#Determine which group the ages belong to
tab=table(group)#Form a frequency table
as.data.frame(tab)# transform the table into a dataframe
group Freq
1 38-46 3
2 47-55 7
3 56-64 7
4 65-73 14
5 74-82 10
6 83-91 6
7 92-100 3
All this can be combined as:
data.frame(table(cut(Ages,s<-0:7*9+37,paste(head(s+1,-1),s[-1],sep="-"))))

How to make data in a single column (long) with multiple, nested group categories wide

I've got a mess of data and am trying to efficiently wrangle it into shape. Here's a simplified short sample of the general format of my data.frame right now. The main difference is that I have a few more data labels like Label1 for my sampling units - each has a set of data similar to the data.frame I'm including but in my situation they are all in the same data.frame. I don't think that will complicate the reformatting so I've just included the single sampling unit of mock data here. StatsType levels Ave, Max, and Min are effectively nested within MeasureType.
tastycheez<-data.frame(
Day=rep((1:3),9),
StatsType=rep(c(rep("Ave",3),rep("Max",3),rep("Min",3)),3),
MeasureType=rep(c("Temp","H2O","Tastiness"),each=9),
Data_values=1:27,
Label1=rep("SamplingU1",27))
Ultimately, I would like a data frame where for each sampling unit and each Day there are columns holding the Data_values for my categories, like this:
Day Label1 Ave.Temp Ave.H2O Ave.Tastiness Max.Temp ...
1 SamplingU1 1 10 19 4 ...
2 SamplingU1 2 11 20 5 ...
I think some combination of functions from reshape,dplyr,tidyr, and/or data.table could do the job but I can't figure out how to code it. Here's what I've tried:
First, I spread the tastycheez (yum!), and that got me partway:
test<-spread(tastycheez,StatsType,Data_values)
Now I'm trying to spread it again or to cast, but with no luck:
test2<-spread(test,MeasureType,(Ave,Max,Min))
test2 <- recast(Day ~ MeasureType+c(Ave,Max,Min), data=test)
(I also tried melting the tastycheez but the results were a sticky, gooey mess and my tongue got burnt. that doesn't seem to be the right function for this.)
If you hate my puns please excuse them, I really can't figure this out!
Here are a couple related questions:
Combining two subgroups of data in the same dataframe
How can I spread repeated measures of multiple variables into wide format?
reshape2 You could use dcast from reshape2:
library(reshape2)
dcast(tastycheez,
Day + Label1 ~ paste(StatsType, MeasureType, sep="."),
value.var = "Data_values")
which gives
Day Label1 Ave.H2O Ave.Tastiness Ave.Temp Max.H2O Max.Tastiness Max.Temp Min.H2O Min.Tastiness Min.Temp
1 1 SamplingU1 10 19 1 13 22 4 16 25 7
2 2 SamplingU1 11 20 2 14 23 5 17 26 8
3 3 SamplingU1 12 21 3 15 24 6 18 27 9
tidyr Stealing #DavidArenburg's comment, here's the tidyr way:
library(tidyr)
tastycheez %>%
unite(temp, StatsType, MeasureType, sep = ".") %>%
spread(temp, Data_values)
which gives
Day Label1 Ave.H2O Ave.Tastiness Ave.Temp Max.H2O Max.Tastiness Max.Temp Min.H2O Min.Tastiness Min.Temp
1 1 SamplingU1 10 19 1 13 22 4 16 25 7
2 2 SamplingU1 11 20 2 14 23 5 17 26 8
3 3 SamplingU1 12 21 3 15 24 6 18 27 9

R + ggplot: Order irregular Time Strings for Plot

I have a data frame with two columns. The first is a numerical value, the other is a string describing a time. The time format looks like yyyy-mm-dd--hh-mm-ss-?????? (e.g. 2015-03-04--12-11-35-669696), I don't know what the last 6 digits mean. E.g.
y time
1 4.548 2014-08-11--09-07-44-202586
2 4.548 2014-08-11--09-07-54-442586
3 4.548 2014-08-11--09-08-04-522586
4 4.478 2014-08-11--09-08-14-762586
5 4.431 2014-08-11--09-08-24-522586
6 4.446 2014-08-11--09-08-34-922586
7 4.492 2014-08-11--09-08-44-522586
8 4.508 2014-08-11--09-08-54-442586
9 4.486 2014-08-11--09-09-04-202586
10 4.497 2014-08-11--09-09-14-442586
11 4.461 2014-08-11--09-09-24-202586
I want to plot them with
ggplot(df, aes(x=time, y=y)) + geom_line()
But I have the problem, that ggplot doesn't know how to deal with data of class character and in particular with my given time format.
I tried to use AsciiToInt from the pakage {sfsmisc} to convert the strings to numerical values, but it repeats a list of integers for each string (one number for each character, of course).
I can also sort my time strings with mixedsort from the pakage {gtools}, but I don't how to apply it for the plot (also keeping in mind the distance).
Another problem is that I don't want every time string appear as tick at the x-axis, due to I have around 20k rows. Maybe I can solve that problem like in this question, but I cannot check that as long as the first problem occurs.
Can you help me, ploting such data with the time as a numeric-like value on the x-axis?
I loaded your data as a .txt file called time dat. First I convert your data into POSIXct type. To make a cleaner graph for test purposes I omit the seconds field, if you want to add them in just use the commented out line.
library(ggplot2)
timedat<-read.csv("~/Work/Timedat.csv")
timedat
str(timedat)
> str(timedat)
'data.frame': 11 obs. of 3 variables:
$ X : int 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
$ y : num 4.55 4.55 4.55 4.48 4.43 ...
$ time: Factor w/ 11 levels "2014-08-11--09-07-44-202586",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
#timedat$time<-as.POSIXct(as.character(timedat$time),format = "%Y-%m-%d--%H-%M-%S")
timedat$time<-as.POSIXct(as.character(timedat$time),format = "%Y-%m-%d--%H-%M")
qplot(data=timedat,y=y,x=time)+theme_bw()
> timedat
X y time
1 1 4.548 2014-08-11--09-07-44-202586
2 2 4.548 2014-08-11--09-07-54-442586
3 3 4.548 2014-08-11--09-08-04-522586
4 4 4.478 2014-08-11--09-08-14-762586
5 5 4.431 2014-08-11--09-08-24-522586
6 6 4.446 2014-08-11--09-08-34-922586
7 7 4.492 2014-08-11--09-08-44-522586
8 8 4.508 2014-08-11--09-08-54-442586
9 9 4.486 2014-08-11--09-09-04-202586
10 10 4.497 2014-08-11--09-09-14-442586
11 11 4.461 2014-08-11--09-09-24-202586
This produces the following plot with the dates nicely ordered.

Filter between threshold

I am working with a large dataset and I am trying to first identify clusters of values that meet specific threshold values. My aim then is to only keep clusters of a minimum length. Below is some example data and my progress thus far:
Test = c("A","A","A","A","A","A","A","A","A","A","B","B","B","B","B","B","B","B","B","B")
Sequence = c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10)
Value = c(3,2,3,4,3,4,4,5,5,2,2,4,5,6,4,4,6,2,3,2)
Data <- data.frame(Test, Sequence, Value)
Using package evd, I have identified clusters of values >3
C1 <- clusters(Data$Value, u = 3, r = 1, cmax = F, plot = T)
Which produces
C1
$cluster1
4
4
$cluster2
6 7 8 9
4 4 5 5
$cluster3
12 13 14 15 16 17
4 5 6 4 4 6
My problem is twofold:
1) I don't know how to relate this back to the original dataframe (for example to Test A & B)
2) How can I only keep clusters with a minimum size of 3 (thus excluding Cluster 1)
I have looked into various filtering options etc. however they do not cluster data according to a desired threshold, with no options for the minimum size of the cluster either.
Any help is much appreciated.
Q1: relate back to original dataframe: Have a look at Carl Witthoft's answer. He wrote a variant of rle() (seqle() because it allows one to look for integer sequences rather than repetitions): detect intervals of the consequent integer sequences
Q2: only keep clusters of certain length:
C1[sapply(C1, length) > 3]
yields the 2 clusters that are long enough:
$cluster2
6 7 8 9
4 4 5 5
$cluster3
12 13 14 15 16 17
4 5 6 4 4 6

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