I have a plot with a continous y-axis and discrete x-axis.
For the data I have a group factor with 3 levels and 2 meausement points, so 6 geoms are created
1
I would like to keep the width of the single geoms but adding space between the two measurement points, respectively the two groups of geoms. Like: 3 geoms - gap - 3 geoms. Is there any possibility of adjusting the position of a group of geoms on the x-axis in ggplot?
preferences %>%
pivot_longer(c(F1_life_satisfaction_pre, F1_life_satisfaction_current), names_to = "variables", values_to = "ratings")%>%
ggplot( aes(y=ratings, x=fct_inorder(variables), fill=fct_inorder(playing_preference))) +
geom_violin(scale="width", adjust=0.5, width=0.8, alpha= 0.2, position = position_dodge(1)) +
stat_summary(fun=mean, geom="point", shape=23, size=2, position = position_dodge(1)) +
stat_summary(aes(group=fct_inorder(playing_preference)), fun=mean, geom = "line", size= 0.5, position = position_dodge(1)) +
stat_summary(fun.data=mean_cl_normal, fun.args=list(mult=1),aes(x=fct_inorder(variables), y=ratings), geom="errorbar",
width=0.05, position = position_dodge(1)) +
scale_x_discrete(labels = c("pre-Pokemon-Go", "current"),expand = c(0, 0.3)) +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(color = "black", size=10)) +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), limits=c(1,7)) +
geom_segment(aes(x = 0, y=4, yend=4, xend=3), color="grey") +
theme(axis.ticks.x = element_blank()) +
labs(fill = "playing preference") +
labs(x="life satisfaction") +
theme(axis.title = element_text(size = 10))+
theme(legend.text = element_text(size = 10)) +
theme(legend.title = element_text(size = 10)) +
labs(y = "mean ratings") +
geom_boxplot(width=0.1,color="black", alpha=0.2, position = position_dodge(1)) +
scale_fill_viridis(discrete=T)
TL;DR - play with width= and position_dodge(width=...) within your line for geom_violin and geom_boxplot to adjust the positions along with scale_x_discrete(expand=expansion(...).
The first point is that the resolution (and how close and far apart) things are on your plot will be related to the size of your window. With that being said, the positioning relationship of the plot elements between one another can be controlled via ggplot. In particular, you want to change the values of width= and position_dodge(width=...) in your geom_violin call (and your geom_boxplot call).
Example Dataset
I'll use an example dataset to illustrate the idea, where I'll plot boxplots... but the idea is identical. The example dataset contains two x values ("Group1" and "Group2"), and each of those has subdivisions that are either "A", "B", or "C", containing a separate normal distribution of 50 datapoints for every x and x.subdiv.
set.seed(8675309)
df <- data.frame(
x=c(rep('Group1', 150), rep('Group2', 150)),
x.subdiv=rep(c(rep('A', 50), rep('B',50), rep('C',50)), 2),
y=unlist(lapply(1:6, function(x){rnorm(50, runif(1,10,15), runif(1,0,7))}))
)
Width of position_dodge
Here's the simple boxplot, where I'll use 0.5 as the value for both width= and position_dodge(width=...). Note that the first argument in position_dodge is width=, so you can just supply that number directly to that function without explicitly assigning to the width argument.
p <- ggplot(df, aes(x=x, y=y)) + theme_bw()
p + geom_boxplot(aes(fill=x.subdiv), width=0.5, position=position_dodge(0.5))
The rule to note here is:
geom_boxplot(width=...) controls how wide the overall spread of box plots are around each x= value.
position_dodge(width=...) controls the amount of spread (the amount of "dodging") for the groups around the x= aesthetic.
So this is what happens when you change position_dodge(width=1), but leave geom_boxplot(width=0.5):
p + geom_boxplot(aes(fill=x.subdiv), width=0.5, position=position_dodge(1))
The width of each box remains the same as before, but the positioning of each box around x= is more "spread out". In effect, each is "dodged" more. If you set position_dodge(width=0.2), you'll see the opposite effect, where the boxes become squished together (because they are not spread out as much around x=):
p + geom_boxplot(aes(fill=x.subdiv), width=0.5, position=position_dodge(0.2))
The interesting thing is how geom_boxplot(width=) and position_dodge(width=) are related:
If geom_boxplot(width=) is equal to position_dodge(width=), the boxes will be touching
If geom_boxplot(width=) is less than position_dodge(width=), the boxes will be separated from one another
If geom_boxplot(width=) is greater than position_dodge(width=), the boxes will be overlapping one another
Width of the geom
The width= of the geom itself relates to how wide the boxplots are. The point to keep in mind are these two points:
The width= is the sum of all the widths of the individual dodged geoms for that particular x= aesthetic.
width=1 is the width between two values on a discrete axis, meaning when you set width=1, the boxes will be wide enough to touch
That means that if we set geom_boxplot(width=1), the combined total of all the boxes for "Group1" will be wide enough to touch the boxes of "Group2"... but you would only see that if there were no overlap among the boxes (meaning that position_dodge(width=) would be equal to geom_boxplot(width=)).
So this makes the boxes wide enough to be touching, but position_dodge(width) is less than geom_boxplot(width)... so the boxes overlap, but "Group1" boxes are separated from "Group2" boxes:
p + geom_boxplot(aes(fill=x.subdiv), width=1, position=position_dodge(0.8))
If we want everything to touch, you have to set them equal, and both equal to 1:
p + geom_boxplot(aes(fill=x.subdiv), width=1, position=position_dodge(1))
Control both widths
In the end, it's probably best to control both. If we go from the previous plot, you probably want the plots to have separation between "Group1" and "Group2". That means you need to make the width of all boxes smaller (which we control by geom_boxplot(width)). However, you probably still want the dodging to leave a bit of space between the boxes, so we'll have to set position_dodge(width) to be greater than geom_boxplot(width), but not too large so that we lose the separation between "Group1" and "Group2". Something like this works pretty well:
p + geom_boxplot(aes(fill=x.subdiv), width=0.5, position=position_dodge(0.55))
In your case, you have both geom_violin and geom_boxplot, so you'll need to adjust those together and work out the proper look.
EDIT: "Shift Left and Right" and "Squish"
If the width= and position_dodge(width= arguments are just not quite getting you what you need, there is another parameter that can work in concert with them to move things around. This would be to use scale_x_discrete(expand=... to control the amount of space to the left and right of your x axis items. Used together with width= and position_dodge(width=, this actually gives you precise control of where to position your data along the x axis while still respecting the automated plotting that ggplot2 provides.
width= controls the whitespace between data along the x axis
position_dodge(width= controls the amount of whitespace between subgroups in the data positioned along the x axis
scale_x_discrete(expand=... controls white space to the left and right sides of the panel.
I'll demonstrate the functionality using the same dataset as before. Note that proper use of the expand= argument for scale_x_discrete should call expansion() and you will need to provide a 1 or 2 length vector to either add= or mult=. Play around with both and numbers to see the effect, but here's kind of what to expect.
The expansion() function takes either mult= or add= as arguments, which can either be a vector of length 2 (where 1 is applied to left side and 2 is applied to the right side, or length 1 (where the number is applied to both sides). Numbers sent to mult= are multiplied by the normal expansion to give you the new amount, so the code below sets the extra whitespace to the left and the right equal to 30% (0.3 * normal) of the typical expansion for both sides:
p + geom_boxplot(aes(fill=x.subdiv), width=0.5, position=position_dodge(0.55)) +
scale_x_discrete(expand=expansion(mult=0.3))
Sending two values, you can adjust separately. This sets the left side to be 100% (normal) and the right side to be reduced to 50% of normal:
p + geom_boxplot(aes(fill=x.subdiv), width=0.5, position=position_dodge(0.55)) +
scale_x_discrete(expand=expansion(mult=c(1,0.5)))
Bottom Line: Seems like by using all three arguments for width=, position_dodge(width=, and scale_x_discrete(expand=expansion(..., you can theoretically place your x groupings anywhere along your plot. Just keep in mind that the resolution and aspect ratio of your graphics device will change how things are laid out a bit, so additional control can be adjusted by resizing the graphics window.
I am making several instances of a tilted bar chart. As the sizes of count and the differences in percent vary, part of one of the labels (count) is pushed outside the bar in some instances. I need the labels to be entirely inside the bar in all instances. If not repositioned to fit inside the bar, I need the labels to be centered as is.
The code is:
library(tidyverse)
library(ggplot2)
data <- tibble(type = c('Cat', 'Dog'),
group = c('Pets', 'Pets'),
count = c(10000, 990000),
percent = c(1, 99))
ggplot(data, aes(x = group, y = percent, fill = type)) +
geom_bar(stat = 'identity',
position = position_stack(reverse = TRUE)) +
coord_flip() +
geom_text(aes(label = count),
position = position_stack(vjust = 0.5,
reverse = TRUE))
Use hjust="inward":
ggplot(data, aes(x = group, y = percent, fill = type)) +
geom_bar(stat = 'identity', position = position_stack(reverse = TRUE)) +
coord_flip() +
geom_text(aes(label = count), hjust = "inward", position = position_stack(vjust = 0.5, reverse = TRUE))
One thing key to note here is that plots in ggplot are drawn differently depending on the graphics device resolution, width, and height settings. This is why plots look a bit different depending on the computer you use to plot them. If I take your default graph and save different aspect ratios, this becomes evident:
width=3, height=5
width=7, height=5
The aspect ratio and resolution change the plot. You can also see this for yourself within R studio by just resizing the plot viewer window.
With that being said, there are some options to adjust your plot to be less likely to clip text out of bounds:
Rotate your text or rotate your plot back to horizontal bars. For long text labels, they are going to work out better with horizontal bars anyway.
geom_text_repel from the ggrepel package. Direct replacement of geom_text puts your labels in the plot area, and you can use min.segment.length= to specify the minimum line length as well as force= and direction= to play with positioning. Again, works better if you flip back your chart.
Use the expand= argument applied to scale_y_continuous. Try adding scale_y_continuous(expand=c(0.25,0.25)) to your plot, for example. Note that since your coordinate system is flipped, you have to specify "y" to expand "x". This expands the plot area around the geoms.
Change the output width= and height= and resolution when exporting your plots. As indicated above, this is the simple solution.
There are probably other suggestions, but that's mine.
When using a histogram with x as a POSIXct value, I'm not sure how you're supposed to line the ticks up with the binsize of the graph.
Setting the tick size to the same as the binsize makes it line a bit off, but the offset adds onto each other until its no longer accurate.
bymonth <- ggplot() +
scale_x_datetime("", breaks = date_breaks("60 days"), labels = date_format("%m-%y")) +
...
lots of geom_rects for background colors
...
theme(legend.title = element_blank()) +
geom_histogram(data=dat, aes(x = iso, fill = name), binwidth = 30*24*60*60, position = 'dodge')
I tried using annotate() as well as experimenting with the spacing of the tick but I think my approach here might be wrong in its own accord
This leads to a graph looking something like this
Which is quite annoying
Here is my ggplot and I need to adjust the spacing between x axis labels and make the plot larger. Please advise what is missing here? Trying to play with expand but without any luck:
ggplot(device_contacts_jaccard_android_ios, aes(x = factor(uuid_lev), y = j, fill = factor(android))) +
geom_boxplot() +
facet_wrap( ~ dt) +
scale_x_discrete(expand=c(0, 0.5)) +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = -90, hjust = 0))
I have checked other answers here, no one solved my issue, correct me if I am wrong.
Use ggsave or pdf(...);...; dev.off() to increase the output size of the image. Once you do that, the space between axis text labels should increase. You could also decrease the font using element_text(size = 7), for example.
Note that in ggsave(..., size, width) are in inches, by default. Good starting points are width = 8 and height = 8. If you want to change the units, try ggsave(..., units = "cm").
When creating a geom_histogram in ggplot, the bin labels appear directly underneath the bars. How can I make it so that they appear on either side of the bin, so that they describe the range of each bin (so that the bin that includes cases from 0 to 10 will appear between the 0 and 10 labels)?
I tried using
geom_histogram(position=position_nudge(5))
However, the histogram I'm using is stacked (to differentiate categories within each bin), and this effect is ruined when I add this position. Is there another way of doing it? Maybe moving the axis labels themselves instead of the bars?
Reproducible code:
dd<-data.frame(nums=c(1:20,15:30,40:55),cats=c(rep("a",20),rep("b",30),rep("c",2)))
ggplot(dd, aes(nums))+geom_histogram(aes(nums,fill=cats),dd,binwidth = 10)
results in this:
I want the bars to be shifted to the right by 5, so that the 0 aligns with the left-hand side of the histogram
You can try to define breaks and labels
n <- 10
ggplot(dd, aes(nums, fill=cats)) +
geom_histogram(binwidth = n, boundary = 0) +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(0,55,n), labels = seq(0,55, n))
The following moves the labels of the axis. I wasn't sure how to move the ticks on the x axis so I removed them.
ggplot(dd, aes(nums))+geom_histogram(aes(nums),dd,binwidth = 10)+
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(hjust = 5),
axis.ticks.x = element_blank())