image with a preferred width, min-width and max-width - css

I have an image which I'd like to scale according to the following rules with increasing importance:
normally has a width of 38% (of the parent/screen);
not become smaller than 300px;
never become larger than 100% (of the parent/screen) (only an issue if the parent/screen is smaller than 300px;
That is to say: the image takes only a percentage of the available space but should not become too small on smaller screens. However, for very small screens (mobile devices), the image may never exceed the full width of the available space, even if this would mean it shrinks below the minimum width.
I thought I could do this with the following css:
img {
width: 38%;
min-width: 300px;
max-width: 100%;
}
thinking that the max-width would take preceedence over the min-width because it appears later. But it is not working... The image appears as the required percentage and is not shrinking below 300px. However, on a small screen (<300px), the image extends out of the screen (scrollbars appear).
Reading the docs, min-width overrides max-width, so I should have seen this coming...
One obvious solution would be to add a media query:
#media screen and (max-width: 300px) {
img {
min-width: 0;
width: 100%;
}
}
However, I would like to be able to override the width specifics (i.e. the 38% or the 300px values) from within the html (tag style).
Several questions on SO touch on the topic of sizing, but I could not find one about my exact case. Anyone here with a solution/suggestion?
Some side requirements:
should work in major browsers, html5/css3
no javascript (if it turns out that it's not possible with css only, I will create a js solution, but I prefer no js for this)
no media queries (see above)
I am in control of the html, so nesting inside additional elements is fine if needed

If min-width overrides max-width, then the solution is to not set min-width to a value that can become greater than the window width.
In other words, swap around the values for width and min-width. Then you won't need media queries or JavaScript.
img {
width:300px;
min-width:38%;
max-width:100%;
}
<p><img src="https://via.placeholder.com/999x333"/></p>
<p><img src="https://via.placeholder.com/999x333" style="width:400px"/></p>
In this example, both images are never smaller than 38% and never larger than 100% of the window, and the first image prefers 300px while the second one prefers 400px.
(Note that the images themselves say they are "999×333"; you should ignore that.)

Related

Big Cartel Roadie Theme - Increasing the logo size on mobile

I'd like to increase the size of the header logo for mobile phone view only. When I tried adjusting the css on a test site the whole thing crashed. I changed these max-height numbers:
I saw there were calculations in the code for mobile - does changing the numbers possibly break that?
#media screen and (max-width: 767px) {
.header-home-link.has-logo {
height: auto;
max-height: 64px;
}
}
#media screen and (min-width: 320px) {
.header-home-link.has-logo {
height: auto;
max-height: 50px;
}
}
From your question, it would seem as though you are editing an existing piece of code so there may be other factors I'm not aware of. However, your current setup works by making every width greater than 320px set the height to 50px and every width under 700px have a logo height of 64px. This contradiction may have caused some issues, however, I know chrome prioritises the rule that is later in the code thus creating a window under 320px where the logo height is 64px. For a cleaner solution, I would suggest putting the height for the logo for all other screens in your main CSS without a media rule and adding a max-width media rule with a width of 500px or so for the height of your logo.
Also is there a particular reason why you went for the approach of setting a max-height and then setting the height to auto as opposed to changing the height of the image directly and then setting the width to auto if necessary?
If you're still having issues I can also suggest trying to isolate the issue by testing aspects of your code with simple statements you know will work.

Can container (not container-fluid) be 100% wide when viewport is < XXXpx with Bootstrap 4?

I'm using Bootstrap 4 and noticing that I'm losing precious horizontal real estate at every breakpoint. I'd like for the outermost container to be 100% wide any time the browser is < 1200px.
I added this to my CSS:
#media (max-width: 1199px) {
body > .container {
width: 100%;
max-width: 1140px;
}
}
I used 1140px as the width because that's what the documentation said the max width of an element with .contianer can be.
You can see it here.
When I resize the browser, everything adjusts as I intended, but is this just a case of getting lucky and that changing the width from Bootstrap's core values totally jacks up the grid? Is here a "correct" way to do this using .container-fluid?
Here is the exact solution of your question: https://www.beyondjava.net/how-to-add-a-new-breakpoint-in-bootstrap
When you are using Bootstrap 4, you should use it's basic features like media-breakpoints.
In the bootstrap_config and _variables you can specify the point of each breakpoint at how wide the screen should be to trigger it.
NOTE: in this case, the lg stands for your own choise wich breakpoint you want to give the value 1200px
In this case if you config your boostrap to trigger the lg classes at 1200px, then if you add the following code, on every screen which is less wide than 1200px, the container class will be 100% in width.
#include media-breakpoint-down(lg){
.container{
width: 100%;
max-width: 1140px;
}
}
So you basically want your container to behave the same way as .container-fluid when your viewport is less than 1200px. I think Patrik's answer is the most correct way to do this (by modifying the source file), but if you don't want to do that, then I think your method is OK.
However, I think the CSS you are using in your ruleset could be revised. You could set the max-width property to none which is the default value for that property. This has the effect of unsetting whatever Bootstrap's CSS applies for this property.
#media (max-width: 1199px) {
body > .container {
width: 100%;
max-width: none;
}
}
MDN article showing none as the default value for max-width:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/max-width#Values

How to set height by screen-height, not by browser-height

How do I set the height of a div container for example that should be 60% of the screen height?
Setting the 60% as the height in css works fine if the browser window is not resized. But if I shrink the browser window, the div shrinks accordingly.
https://zurb.com provides a nice example. The "Mission Accomplished", grey part is always the same height, no matter how the browser window is being resized. How can this be ensured?
I don't want to use px to ensure HiDpi support.
Thanks,
That's a simple fixed-height element; it has nothing to do with screen size.
You should just use px and not worry about anything; px means logical pixels and will work with arbitrary DPIs.
While the page in question simply used a fixed height (px) for the element in question, meaning that it will always have the same height (and won't be 60% of the height regardless of viewport height). In order to have an element be relative to the viewport, you're looking for viewport-sized typography.
To adjust based on height, you're looking for the CSS unit vh, which tells the element in question to scale based on the viewport height. You can also use vw to scale based on the viewport width.
Keep in mind that <body> has a default of margin: 8px, so if you want to avoid scrollbars when using viewport-sized typography, you'll also need to override this back to 0.
body {
margin: 0;
}
div {
height: 60vh;
width: 100vw;
background: red;
}
<div></div>
For more in-depth information on CSS units, I'd recommend checking out this guide.
Hope this helps! :)

Change width size using CSS when window size is reduced

In general, I want my body div to be 60% width of the window size. But there are some exceptions.
On a large monitor, this gets too big, so I have set a max-width of 800px, like so:
#lbp-text-body {margin-top: 100px; width: 60%; max-width: 800px; text-align: justify}
This works pretty good, the text adjusts within a certain range, but at certain max threshold holds it shape.
Now I want to do something similar for small window sizes.
I've added 'min-width: 300px;' and this seems generally seems to override the width 60%, However, if the screen size is less than 300px, the user will have to scroll horizontally to see part of the text.
I would prefer for the actual width size to change 90% or 100% after the viewer size hits the 300px threshold.
Any ideas on how I could do this?
You can use a media query to achieve this: JS Fiddle Example
#media only screen and (max-width: 300px) {
#lbp-text-body {
// Whatever Styles you want to have at 300px or less
}
}
You can also use media-queries to have specific styles if the window is greater than a specific width using min-width.
#media only screen and (min-width: 800px) {
#lbp-text-body {
// Whatever Styles you want to have at 800px or more
}
}
As a side note, you will want to be sure you have the correct viewport meta tag for media queries to work properly on each device: Viewport Meta Tag
I woul use a media query to determine the size of the screen, and change the % width based on that:
#media (max-width: 300px) {
width: 90%;
}
The browser will read through your existing CSS and apply the styles you described in your question. The media query tells the browser to apply this new width to any screens that fit the criteria - a screen that is at most 300px wide. If you have other breakpoints (in this case, widths) that you would like to target, you can definitely use more than one media query at a time.
See: detect browser size and apply css for every resolution
also: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Media_queries

HTML5 Video: Retain aspect ratio when resizing

I have a video element set to 100% width in a container div. That div has a max-width of 800px and min-width of 400px. When resizing the browser I need the video element to resize while retaining its original aspect ratio. Currently it resizes in width but remains its original height, adding letterbox bars above and below to make up for it.
Is it possible to resize the video element dynamically like this without resorting to Javascript?
According to the box model, in the section on replaced elements, this should work as you expect: Since the video has a height of auto and a set width, and it has an intrinstic ratio (as videos do), then the used value of height should be computed based on those. Make sure you are not specifying the height anywhere — the following CSS worked for me:
video {
width: 100%;
}
div {
max-width: 800px;
min-width: 400px;
}
Try explicitly adding height: auto to the video — maybe with !important to see if it’s getting set somewhere else.

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