Use summarise_each on grouped data - r

I am trying to summerise a grouped dataset with summerise_each. Somehow it is not possible to drop the grouping variable before summarising (I tried it with dplyr::select). The problem is that the grouping variable is not numeric and I want the sum all columns.
library(dplyr)
group <- sample(c("a","b","c"), 100, replace = TRUE,)
values <- matrix(rnorm(1000), ncol = 10)
data <- data.frame(group, values)
data %>% group_by(group) %>% summarise_each(sum)
Error in UseMethod("as.lazy_dots") : no applicable method for
'as.lazy_dots' applied to an object of class "function"
I want this output but for all columns.
data %>% group_by(group) %>% summarise(sum(X1))´
group sum(X1)
(fctr) (dbl)
1 a 2.648381
2 b 5.532697
3 c 1.382693
I do not want to use summarise(sum(X2), sum(X2), ...)

We need to use the function inside funs
data %>%
group_by(group) %>%
summarise_each(funs(sum))
# group X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10
# <fctr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#1 a -1.700664 3.570311 -0.23851052 7.5914770 0.3646715 -4.547660 8.944908 0.3996188 4.4322264 3.778364
#2 b -12.535340 2.705520 -0.03063312 3.1732708 -5.8638185 -8.070278 -3.548260 -1.7781691 0.7202883 -2.634258
#3 c 9.925093 -7.477544 -0.27394536 0.8187566 -7.7432485 -6.190602 -3.785092 -10.1892073 7.9212578 -2.766949

To build a user function to complete this task, try:
summaRize <- function(x) {
sumfun <- function(fun, x) {
round(fun(as.numeric(as.character(x)), na.rm = TRUE), 2)
}
out <- data.frame(min = sumfun(min, x),
max = sumfun(max, x),
mean = sumfun(mean, x),
median = sumfun(median, x),
sd = sumfun(sd, x),
var = sumfun(var, x))
out[, ] <- apply(out, 2, as.numeric)
out
}
sapply(unique(data$group), function(x) data[data$group == x, ], summaRize)

Related

i want to write a custom function with tidyverse verbs/syntax that accepts the grouping parameters of my function as string

I want to write a function that has as parameters a data set, a variable to be grouped, and another parameter to be filtered. I want to write the function in such a way that I can afterwards apply map() to it and pass the variables to be grouped in to map() as a vector. Nevertheless, I don't know how my custom function rating() accepts the variables to be grouped as a string. This is what i have tried.
data = tibble(a = seq.int(1:10),
g1 = c(rep("blue", 3), rep("green", 3), rep("red", 4)),
g2 = c(rep("pink", 2), rep("hotpink", 6), rep("firebrick", 2)),
na = NA,
stat=c(23,43,53,2,43,18,54,94,43,87))
rating = function(data, by, no){
data %>%
select(a, {{by}}, stat) %>%
group_by({{by}}) %>%
mutate(rank = rank(stat)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
filter(a == no)
}
fn(data = data, by = g2, no = 5) #this works
And this is the way i want to use my function
map(.x = c("g1", "g2"), .f = ~rating(data = data, by = .x, no = 1))
... but i get
Error: Must group by variables found in `.data`.
* Column `.x` is not found.
As we are passing character elements, it would be better to convert to symbol and evaluate (!!)
library(dplyr)
library(purrr)
rating <- function(data, by, no){
by <- rlang::ensym(by)
data %>%
select(a, !! by, stat) %>%
group_by(!!by) %>%
mutate(rank = rank(stat)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
filter(a == no)
}
-testing
> map(.x = c("g1", "g2"), .f = ~rating(data = data, by = !!.x, no = 1))
[[1]]
# A tibble: 1 × 4
a g1 stat rank
<int> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
1 1 blue 23 1
[[2]]
# A tibble: 1 × 4
a g2 stat rank
<int> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
1 1 pink 23 1
It also works with unquoted input
> rating(data, by = g2, no = 5)
# A tibble: 1 × 4
a g2 stat rank
<int> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
1 5 hotpink 43 3

Using the pipe in selfmade function with tidyeval (quo_name)

I have two functions: date_diff and group_stat. So I have read this article tidyverse and I try so create simple functions and use the pipe.
The first function creates a difftime and names them timex_minus_timey but when I pipe this result into the next function I have to look at the name so I can fill in summary_var. Is there a better way to do this?
library(tidyverse)
#
set.seed(42)
data <- dplyr::bind_rows(
tibble::tibble(Hosp = rep("A", 1000),
drg = sample(letters[1:5], 1000, replace = TRUE),
time1 = as.POSIXlt("2018-02-03 08:00:00", tz = "UTC") + rnorm(1000, 0, 60*60*60),
time2 = time1 + runif(1000, min = 10*60, max = 20*60)),
tibble::tibble(Hosp = rep("B", 1000),
drg = sample(letters[1:5], 1000, replace = TRUE),
time1 = as.POSIXlt("2018-02-03 08:00:00", tz = "UTC") + rnorm(1000, 0, 60*60*60),
time2 = time1 + runif(1000, min = 10*60, max = 20*60))
)
date_diff <- function(df, stamp1, stamp2, units = "mins"){
stamp1 <- rlang::enquo(stamp1)
stamp2 <- rlang::enquo(stamp2)
name <- paste0(rlang::quo_name(stamp1), "_minus_", rlang::quo_name(stamp2))
out <- df %>%
dplyr::mutate(!!name := as.numeric(difftime(!!stamp1, !!stamp2, units=units)))
out
}
group_stat <- function(df, group_var, summary_var, .f) {
func <- rlang::as_function(.f)
group_var <- rlang::enquo(group_var)
summary_var <-rlang::enquo(summary_var)
name <- paste0(rlang::quo_name(summary_var), "_", deparse(substitute(.f)))
df %>%
dplyr::group_by(!!group_var) %>%
dplyr::summarise(!!name := func(!!summary_var, na.rm = TRUE))
}
data %>%
date_diff(time2, time1) %>%
group_stat(Hosp, summary_var = time2_minus_time1, mean)
#> # A tibble: 2 x 2
#> Hosp time2_minus_time1_mean
#> <chr> <dbl>
#> 1 A 15.1
#> 2 B 14.9
Created on 2019-05-02 by the reprex package (v0.2.1)
If you intend to always use these functions one after another in this way you could add an attribute containing the new column's name with date_diff, and have group_stat use that attribute. With the if condition, the attribute is only used if it exists and the summary_var argument is not provided.
date_diff <- function(df, stamp1, stamp2, units = "mins"){
stamp1 <- rlang::enquo(stamp1)
stamp2 <- rlang::enquo(stamp2)
name <- paste0(rlang::quo_name(stamp1), "_minus_", rlang::quo_name(stamp2))
out <- df %>%
dplyr::mutate(!!name := as.numeric(difftime(!!stamp1, !!stamp2, units=units)))
attr(out, 'date_diff_nm') <- name
out
}
group_stat <- function(df, group_var, summary_var, .f) {
if(!is.null(attr(df, 'date_diff_nm')) & missing(summary_var))
summary_var <- attr(df, 'date_diff_nm')
group_var <- rlang::enquo(group_var)
name <- paste0(summary_var, "_", deparse(substitute(.f)))
df %>%
dplyr::group_by(!!group_var) %>%
dplyr::summarise_at(summary_var, funs(!!name := .f), na.rm = T)
}
data %>%
date_diff(time2, time1) %>%
group_stat(Hosp, .f = mean)
# # A tibble: 2 x 2
# Hosp time2_minus_time1_mean
# <chr> <dbl>
# 1 A 15.1
# 2 B 14.9

Calculate Group Mean and Overall Mean

I have a data frame with several variables I want to get the means of and a variable I want to group by. Then, I would like to get the proportion of each group's mean to the overall mean.
I have put together the following, but it is clumsy.
How would you go about it using dplyr or data.table? Bonus points for the option to return both the intermediate step (group and overall mean) and the final proportions.
library(tidyverse)
set.seed(1)
Data <- data.frame(
X1 = sample(1:10),
X2 = sample(11:20),
X3 = sample(21:30),
Y = sample(c("yes", "no"), 10, replace = TRUE)
)
groupMeans <- Data %>%
group_by(Y) %>%
summarize_all(funs(mean))
overallMeans <- Data %>%
select(-Y) %>%
summarize_all(funs(mean))
index <- sweep(as.matrix(groupMeans[, -1]), MARGIN = 2, as.matrix(overallMeans), FUN = "/")
here is one more dplyr solution
index <- as.data.frame(Data %>%
group_by(Y) %>%
summarise_all(mean) %>%
select(-Y) %>%
rbind(Data %>% select(-Y) %>% summarise_all(mean))%>%
mutate_all(funs( . / .[3])))[1:2,]
Here is one possible dplyr solution that contains everything you want:
Data %>%
group_by(Y) %>%
summarise(
group_avg_X1 = mean(X1),
group_avg_X2 = mean(X2),
group_avg_X3 = mean(X3)
) %>%
mutate(
overall_avg_X1 = mean(group_avg_X1),
overall_avg_X2 = mean(group_avg_X2),
overall_avg_X3 = mean(group_avg_X3),
proportion_X1 = group_avg_X1 / overall_avg_X1,
proportion_X2 = group_avg_X2 / overall_avg_X2,
proportion_X3 = group_avg_X3 / overall_avg_X3
)
# # A tibble: 2 x 10
# Y group_avg_X1 group_avg_X2 group_avg_X3 overall_avg_X1 overall_avg_X2 overall_avg_X3 proportion_X1
# <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
# 1 no 6.6 14.6 25.8 5.5 15.5 25.5 1.2
# 2 yes 4.4 16.4 25.2 5.5 15.5 25.5 0.8
# # ... with 2 more variables: proportion_X2 <dbl>, proportion_X3 <dbl>
Here's a method with data.table:
#data
library(data.table)
set.seed(1)
dt <- data.table(
x1 = sample(1:10),
x2 = sample(11:20),
x3 = sample(21:30),
y = sample(c("yes", "no"), 10, replace = TRUE)
)
# group means
group_means <- dt[ , lapply(.SD, mean), by=y, .SDcols=1:3]
# overall means
overall_means <- dt[ , lapply(.SD, mean), .SDcols=1:3]
# clunky combination (sorry!)
group_means[ , perc_x1 := x1 / overall_means[[1]] ]
group_means[ , perc_x2 := x2 / overall_means[[2]] ]
group_means[ , perc_x3 := x3 / overall_means[[3]] ]

how to use group_by in a function in R

I want to use group_by in a function, the following is my code, 1, 2 work well, so I create a function - 3, while it doesn't work in 4. I don't known how to address this problem, so ask for a help.
# 1 generate variables and dataframe
x <- rnorm(100)
y <- rep(c("A", "B"), 50)
df <- data.frame(y, x)
# 2 group by y
df %>%
group_by(y) %>%
summarise(n = n(),
mean = mean(x),
sd = sd(x))
# 3 create function
group <- function(df, var1, var2){
df %>%
group_by(var1) %>%
summarise(n = n(),
mean = mean(var2),
sd = sd(var2))
}
# 4 test function
group(df = df, var1 = y, var2 = x)
# the error is as follows:
"Error in grouped_df_impl(data, unname(vars), drop) :
Column `var1` is unknown
Called from: grouped_df_impl(data, unname(vars), drop)",
You can do:
library(dplyr)
group <- function(df, var1, var2){
var1 <- enquo(var1); var2 <- enquo(var2);
df %>%
group_by(!!var1) %>%
summarise(n = n(),
mean = mean(!!var2),
sd = sd(!!var2))
}
group(df = df, var1 = y, var2 = x)
### A tibble: 2 x 4
## y n mean sd
## <fct> <int> <dbl> <dbl>
##1 A 50 -0.133 0.866
##2 B 50 0.0770 0.976
For further reference check the link

Create t.test table with dplyr?

Suppose I have data that looks like this:
set.seed(031915)
myDF <- data.frame(
Name= rep(c("A", "B"), times = c(10,10)),
Group = rep(c("treatment", "control", "treatment", "control"), times = c(5,5,5,5)),
X = c(rnorm(n=5,mean = .05, sd = .001), rnorm(n=5,mean = .02, sd = .001),
rnorm(n=5,mean = .08, sd = .02), rnorm(n=5,mean = .03, sd = .02))
)
I want to create a t.test table with a row for "A" and one for "B"
I can write my own function that does that:
ttestbyName <- function(Name) {
b <- t.test(myDF$X[myDF$Group == "treatment" & myDF$Name==Name],
myDF$X[myDF$Group == "control" & myDF$Name==Name],
conf.level = 0.90)
dataNameX <- data.frame(Name = Name,
treatment = round(b$estimate[[1]], digits = 4),
control = round(b$estimate[[2]], digits = 4),
CI = paste('(',round(b$conf.int[[1]],
digits = 4),', ',
round(b$conf.int[[2]],
digits = 4), ')',
sep=""),
pvalue = round(b$p.value, digits = 4),
ntreatment = nrow(myDF[myDF$Group == "treatment" & myDF$Name==Name,]),
ncontrol = nrow(myDF[myDF$Group == "control" & myDF$Name==Name,]))
}
library(parallel)
Test_by_Name <- mclapply(unique(myDF$Name), ttestbyName)
Test_by_Name <- do.call("rbind", Test_by_Name)
and the output looks like this:
Name treatment control CI pvalue ntreatment ncontrol
1 A 0.0500 0.0195 (0.0296, 0.0314) 0.0000 5 5
2 B 0.0654 0.0212 (0.0174, 0.071) 0.0161 5 5
I'm wondering if there is a cleaner way of doing this with dplyr. I thought about using groupby, but I'm a little lost.
Thanks!
Not much cleaner, but here's an improvement:
library(dplyr)
ttestbyName <- function(myName) {
bt <- filter(myDF, Group=="treatment", Name==myName)
bc <- filter(myDF, Group=="control", Name==myName)
b <- t.test(bt$X, bc$X, conf.level=0.90)
dataNameX <- data.frame(Name = myName,
treatment = round(b$estimate[[1]], digits = 4),
control = round(b$estimate[[2]], digits = 4),
CI = paste('(',round(b$conf.int[[1]],
digits = 4),', ',
round(b$conf.int[[2]],
digits = 4), ')',
sep=""),
pvalue = round(b$p.value, digits = 4),
ntreatment = nrow(bt), # changes only in
ncontrol = nrow(bc)) # these 2 nrow() args
}
You should really replace the do.call function with rbindlist from data.table:
library(data.table)
Test_by_Name <- lapply(unique(myDF$Name), ttestbyName)
Test_by_Name <- rbindlist(Test_by_Name)
or, even better, use the %>% pipes:
Test_by_Name <- myDF$Name %>%
unique %>%
lapply(., ttestbyName) %>%
rbindlist
> Test_by_Name
Name treatment control CI pvalue ntreatment ncontrol
1: A 0.0500 0.0195 (0.0296, 0.0314) 0.0000 5 5
2: B 0.0654 0.0212 (0.0174, 0.071) 0.0161 5 5
An old question, but the broom package has since been made available for this exact purpose (as well as other statistical tests):
library(broom)
library(dplyr)
myDF %>% group_by(Name) %>%
do(tidy(t.test(X~Group, data = .)))
Source: local data frame [2 x 9]
Groups: Name [2]
Name estimate estimate1 estimate2 statistic p.value
(fctr) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl) (dbl)
1 A -0.03050475 0.01950384 0.05000860 -63.838440 1.195226e-09
2 B -0.04423181 0.02117864 0.06541046 -3.104927 1.613625e-02
Variables not shown: parameter (dbl), conf.low (dbl), conf.high (dbl)
library(tidyr)
library(dplyr)
myDF %>% group_by(Group) %>% mutate(rowname=1:n())%>%
spread(Group, X) %>%
group_by(Name) %>%
do(b = t.test(.$control, .$treatment)) %>%
mutate(
treatment = round(b[['estimate']][[2]], digits = 4),
control = round(b[['estimate']][[1]], digits = 4),
CI = paste0("(", paste(b[['conf.int']], collapse=", "), ")"),
pvalue = b[['p.value']]
)
# Name treatment control CI pvalue
#1 A 0.0500 0.0195 (-0.031677109707283, -0.0293323994902097) 1.195226e-09
#2 B 0.0654 0.0212 (-0.0775829100729602, -0.010880719830447) 1.613625e-02
You can add ncontrol, ntreatment manually.
You can do it with a custom t.test function and do:
my.t.test <- function(data, formula, ...)
{
tt <- t.test(formula=formula, data=data, ...)
ests <- tt$estimate
names(ests) <- sub("mean in group ()", "\\1",names(ests))
counts <- xtabs(formula[c(1,3)],data)
names(counts) <- paste0("n",names(counts))
cbind(
as.list(ests),
data.frame(
CI = paste0("(", paste(tt$conf.int, collapse=", "), ")"),
pvalue = tt$p.value,
stringsAsFactors=FALSE
),
as.list(counts)
)
}
myDF %>% group_by(Name) %>% do(my.t.test(.,X~Group))
Source: local data frame [2 x 7]
Groups: Name
Name control treatment CI pvalue ncontrol ntreatment
1 A 0.01950384 0.05000860 (-0.031677109707283, -0.0293323994902097) 1.195226e-09 5 5
2 B 0.02117864 0.06541046 (-0.0775829100729602, -0.010880719830447) 1.613625e-02 5 5

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