I am trying to name the columns of a data frame, but the data frame is chosen dynamically. Any idea why this does not work? Below is an example, but in my real case, I get a different error. As of now, I would just like to know what causes either of the errors:
Error in file(filename, "r") : cannot open the connection
In addition: Warning message:
In file(filename, "r") :
cannot open file 'df': No such file or directory
#ASSIGN data frame name dynamically
> assign(as.character("df"), data.frame(c(1:10), c(11:20)))
>
#IT WOrked
> df
c.1.10. c.11.20.
1 1 11
2 2 12
3 3 13
4 4 14
5 5 15
6 6 16
7 7 17
8 8 18
9 9 19
10 10 20
>
#Call the data frame dynamically, it works
> eval(parse(text = c("df")))
c.1.10. c.11.20.
1 1 11
2 2 12
3 3 13
4 4 14
5 5 15
6 6 16
7 7 17
8 8 18
9 9 19
10 10 20
>
#name the columns
> colnames(df) <- c("a", "b")
> df
a b
1 1 11
2 2 12
3 3 13
4 4 14
5 5 15
6 6 16
7 7 17
8 8 18
9 9 19
10 10 20
>
#name columns of dynamically chosen data frame, returns and error
> colnames(eval(parse(text = c("df")))) <- c("c", "d")
Error in colnames(eval(parse(text = c("df")))) <- c("c", "d") :
target of assignment expands to non-language object
It doesn't work because R doesn't want you to use assign and (argh!) eval(parse()) for this sort of basic stuff. Lists! This is why the Lord created lists!
l <- list()
l[["df"]] <- data.frame(c(1:10), c(11:20))
colnames(l[["df"]]) <- c("a","b")
> l
$df
a b
1 1 11
2 2 12
3 3 13
4 4 14
5 5 15
6 6 16
7 7 17
8 8 18
9 9 19
10 10 20
Related
The following randomly splits a data frame into halves.
df <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/HirokiYamamoto2531/data/master/data.csv")
head(df, 3)
# dv iv subject item
#1 562 -0.5 1 7
#2 790 0.5 1 21
#3 NA -0.5 1 19
r <- seq_len(nrow(df))
first <- sample(r, 240)
second <- r[!r %in% first]
df_1 <- df[first, ]
df_2 <- df[second, ]
However, in this way, each data frame (df_1 and df_2) is not balanced on subject and item: e.g.,
table(df_1$subject)
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
# 7 8 3 5 5 3 8 1 5 7 7 6 7 7 9 8 8 9 6 7 8 5 4 4 5 2 7 6 9
# 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
# 7 5 7 7 7 3 5 7 5 3 8
table(df_1$item)
# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
# 12 11 12 12 9 11 11 8 11 12 10 8 14 7 14 10 8 7 9 9 7 11 9 8
# There are 40 subjects and 24 items, and each subject is assigned to 12 items and each item to 20 subjects.
I would like to know how to split the data frame into halves that are balanced on subject and item (i.e., exactly 6 data points from each subject and 10 data points from each item).
You can use the createDataPartition function from the caret package to create a balanced partition of one variable.
The code below creates a balanced partition of the dataset according to the variable subject:
df <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/HirokiYamamoto2531/data/master/data.csv")
partition <- caret::createDataPartition(df$subject, p = 0.5, list = FALSE)
first.half <- df[partition, ]
second.half <- df[-partition, ]
table(first.half$subject)
table(second.half$subject)
I'm not sure whether it's possible to balance two variables at once. You can try balancing for one variable and checking if you're happy with the partition of the second variable.
My data looks like this:
x y
1 1
2 2
3 2
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 6
8 8
9 9
10 9
11 11
12 12
13 13
14 13
15 14
16 15
17 14
18 16
19 17
20 18
y is a grouping variable. I would like to see how well this grouping went.
Because of this I want to extract a sample of n pairs of cases that are grouped together by variable y
and n pairs of cases that are not grouped together by variable y. In order to calculate the number of
false positives and false negatives (either falsly grouped or not). How do I extract a sample of grouped pairs
and a sample of not-grouped pairs?
I would like the samples to look like this (for n=6) :
Grouped sample:
x y
2 2
3 2
9 9
10 9
15 14
17 14
Not-grouped sample:
x y
1 1
2 2
6 8
6 8
11 11
19 17
How would I go about this in R?
I'm not entirely clear on what you like to do, partly because I feel there is some context missing as to what you're trying to achieve. I also don't quite understand your expected output (for example, the not-grouped sample contains an entry 6 8 that does not exist in your original data...)
That aside, here is a possible approach.
# Maximum number of samples per group
n <- 3;
# Set fixed RNG seed for reproducibility
set.seed(2017);
# Grouped samples
df.grouped <- do.call(rbind.data.frame, lapply(split(df, df$y),
function(x) if (nrow(x) > 1) x[sample(min(n, nrow(x))), ]));
df.grouped;
# x y
#2.3 3 2
#2.2 2 2
#6.6 6 6
#6.7 7 6
#9.10 10 9
#9.9 9 9
#13.13 13 13
#13.14 14 13
#14.15 15 14
#14.17 17 14
# Ungrouped samples
df.ungrouped <- df[sample(nrow(df.grouped)), ];
df.ungrouped;
# x y
#7 7 6
#1 1 1
#9 9 9
#4 4 4
#3 3 2
#2 2 2
#5 5 5
#6 6 6
#10 10 9
#8 8 8
Explanation: Split df based on y, then draw min(n, nrow(x)) samples from subset x containing >1 rows; rbinding gives the grouped df.grouped. We then draw nrow(df.grouped) samples from df to produce the ungrouped df.ungrouped.
Sample data
df <- read.table(text =
"x y
1 1
2 2
3 2
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 6
8 8
9 9
10 9
11 11
12 12
13 13
14 13
15 14
16 15
17 14
18 16
19 17
20 18", header = T)
I need to extract separate tables from each excel sheet and have them as a list object. I have two lists : "allsheets" contains 38 sheets and each of sheets includes at least 2 tables, and "dataRowMeta" contains information about which rows are relevant for each table. For example,
a1 <- data.frame(y1=c(1:15),y2=c(6:20))
a2 <- data.frame(y1=c(3:18),y2=c(2:17))
allsheets <- list(a1, a2)
d1<- data.frame(starthead=c(1,9),endhead=c(2,10),startdata =c(3,11),
enddata = c(7,14),footer = c(8,15))
d2<- data.frame(starthead=c(1,10),endhead=c(2,11),startdata =c(3,12),
enddata = c(8,15),footer = c(9,16))
dataRowMeta <- list(d1,d2)
[[1]]
y1 y2
1 1 6
2 2 7
3 3 8
4 4 9
5 5 10
6 6 11
7 7 12
8 8 13
9 9 14
10 10 15
11 11 16
12 12 17
13 13 18
14 14 19
15 15 20
[[2]]
y1 y2
1 3 2
2 4 3
3 5 4
4 6 5
5 7 6
6 8 7
7 9 8
8 10 9
9 11 10
10 12 11
11 13 12
12 14 13
13 15 14
14 16 15
15 17 16
16 18 17
and here is dataRowMeta :
[[1]]
starthead endhead startdata enddata footer
1 1 2 3 7 8
2 9 10 11 14 15
[[2]]
starthead endhead startdata enddata footer
1 1 2 3 8 9
2 10 11 12 15 16
I've tried to write a loop function which would subset each sheet according to dataRowMeta, but failed to get a desired output.
I am getting an error
Error in sheet[[a[m]:b[m], ]] : incorrect number of subscripts
I guess that's because I am iterating over list, not matrices...but how to tell R to subset list in this case?
So I need 1st and 4th columns of dataRowMeta(starthead and enddata) as "start" and "end" id rows of future tables.
tables <- function(allsheets,dataRowMeta){
for(i in 1 : length(dataRowMeta)){
for (j in 1 : nrow(dataRowMeta[[i]])){
a <-""
b <- ""
a <- dataRowMeta[[i]][j:j,1]
b <- dataRowMeta[[i]][j:j,4]
for (k in 1 : length(allsheets)){
sheet <- allsheets[k]
for ( m in 1 : length(a)){
tbl <- sheet[[a[m]:b[m],]]
}
}
}
}}
Desired output : I have this for the first element of the first list(sheet1):
sheet1 <- allsheets[[1]]
tmp1 <- sheet1[dataRowMeta[[1]][1:1,1] :dataRowMeta[[1]][1:1,4] ,]
> tmp1
y1 y2
1 1 6
2 2 7
3 3 8
4 4 9
5 5 10
6 6 11
7 7 12
And need a loop which would do it for all sheets. Please help me to figure out how to get it. Thank you!
library("xlsx")
library("lubridate")
setwd("C:/Users/Fa16Rcs028/Dropbox/Spring 17/Special Topics In HCI/Tasks/Task 6/Data Set")
for(i in 1:6) {
Read <- paste(toString(i),".xlsx",sep="")
Task1 <- read.xlsx(Read,1)
time<-Task1$Time
time<-dmy_hms(time)
hr<-hour(time)
zeeshan[i] <-table(hr)
}
Here table(hr) is:
hr 3 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 19 21
freq 2 1 5 9 16 5 12 8 3 15 3 1 4 8
Why I am having this error in my script
In zeeshan[i] <- table(hr) :number of items to replace is not a
multiple of replacement length
I have made a start to create some training and test sets using 10 fold crossvalidation for an artificial dataset:
rows <- 1000
X1<- sort(runif(n = rows, min = -1, max =1))
occ.prob <- 1/(1+exp(-(0.0 + 3.0*X1)))
true.presence <- rbinom(n = rows, size = 1, prob = occ.prob)
# combine data as data frame and save
data <- data.frame(X1, true.presence)
id <- sample(1:10,nrow(data),replace=TRUE)
ListX <- split(data,id)
fold1 <- data[id==1,]
fold2 <- data[id==2,]
fold3 <- data[id==3,]
fold4 <- data[id==4,]
fold5 <- data[id==5,]
fold6 <- data[id==6,]
fold7 <- data[id==7,]
fold8 <- data[id==8,]
fold9 <- data[id==9,]
fold10 <- data[id==10,]
trainingset <- subset(data, id %in% c(2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10))
testset <- subset(data, id %in% c(1))
I am just wondering whether there are easier ways to achieve this and how I could perform stratified crossvalidation which ensures that the class priors (true.presence) are roughly the same in all folds?
createFolds method of caret package performs a stratified partitioning. Here is a paragraph from the help page:
... The random sampling is done within the levels of y (=outcomes) when y is a factor in an attempt to balance the class distributions within the splits.
Here is the answer of your problem:
library(caret)
folds <- createFolds(factor(data$true.presence), k = 10, list = FALSE)
and the proportions:
> library(plyr)
> data$fold <- folds
> ddply(data, 'fold', summarise, prop=mean(true.presence))
fold prop
1 1 0.5000000
2 2 0.5050505
3 3 0.5000000
4 4 0.5000000
5 5 0.5000000
6 6 0.5049505
7 7 0.5000000
8 8 0.5049505
9 9 0.5000000
10 10 0.5050505
I'm sure that (a) there's a more efficient way to code this, and (b) there's almost certainly a function somewhere in a package that will just return the folds, but here's some simple code that gives you an idea of how one might do this:
rows <- 1000
X1<- sort(runif(n = rows, min = -1, max =1))
occ.prob <- 1/(1+exp(-(0.0 + 3.0*X1)))
true.presence <- rbinom(n = rows, size = 1, prob = occ.prob)
# combine data as data frame and save
dat <- data.frame(X1, true.presence)
require(plyr)
createFolds <- function(x,k){
n <- nrow(x)
x$folds <- rep(1:k,length.out = n)[sample(n,n)]
x
}
folds <- ddply(dat,.(true.presence),createFolds,k = 10)
#Proportion of true.presence in each fold:
ddply(folds,.(folds),summarise,prop = sum(true.presence)/length(true.presence))
folds prop
1 1 0.5049505
2 2 0.5049505
3 3 0.5100000
4 4 0.5100000
5 5 0.5100000
6 6 0.5100000
7 7 0.5100000
8 8 0.5100000
9 9 0.5050505
10 10 0.5050505
#joran is right (regarding his assumption (b)). dismo::kfold() is what you are looking for.
So using data from the initial question:
require(dismo)
folds <- kfold(data, k=10, by=data$true.presence)
gives a vector of length nrow(data) containing the fold association of each row of data.
Hence, data[fold==1,] returns the 1st fold and data[fold!=1,] can be used for validation.
edit 6/2018: I strongly support using the caret package as recommended by #gkcn. It is better integrated in the tidyverse workflow and more actively developed. Go with that!
I found splitTools is pretty useful, hope the vignette https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/splitTools/vignettes/splitTools.html can help anyone interested in this topic.
> y <- rep(c(letters[1:4]), each = 5)
> y
[1] "a" "a" "a" "a" "a" "b" "b" "b" "b" "b" "c" "c" "c" "c" "c" "d" "d" "d" "d" "d"
> create_folds(y)
$Fold1
[1] 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20
$Fold2
[1] 1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 19 20
$Fold3
[1] 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 20
$Fold4
[1] 1 2 3 4 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 18 19 20
$Fold5
[1] 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19
> create_folds(y, m_rep = 3)
$Fold1.Rep1
[1] 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 19 20
$Fold2.Rep1
[1] 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 20
$Fold3.Rep1
[1] 1 2 3 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 17 18 19 20
$Fold4.Rep1
[1] 1 2 3 4 6 7 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 18 19 20
$Fold5.Rep1
[1] 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
$Fold1.Rep2
[1] 1 2 3 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 19
$Fold2.Rep2
[1] 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 10 11 12 14 15 17 18 19 20
$Fold3.Rep2
[1] 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20
$Fold4.Rep2
[1] 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 20
$Fold5.Rep2
[1] 1 2 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 18 19 20
$Fold1.Rep3
[1] 1 2 3 4 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 18 19 20
$Fold2.Rep3
[1] 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 19
$Fold3.Rep3
[1] 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 14 15 16 17 19 20
$Fold4.Rep3
[1] 1 2 3 5 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20
$Fold5.Rep3
[1] 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 13 14 15 16 17 18 20