I currently have a CSS with rules which are duplicates in both .small and the media query for #a, because I want the same behaviour when browser width is smaller than 600px and when a button is clicked.
In my real case, the rules are very long, and I would like to avoid to duplicate them. How to deduplicate such a CSS?
$('#b').click(function(){ $('#a').addClass('small'); });
#a { background-color: green; }
.small { background-color: yellow !important; /* many other rules */ }
#media (max-width: 600px) {
#a { background-color: yellow !important; /* many other rules */ }
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="a">Hello</div>
<input id="b" type="button" value="Change" />
I don't think there's a way to do this in pure CSS, this is one of the things you can solve with precompilers like SASS where you can inject CSS rules anywhere you want with variables or mixins for example
I can think of Javascript solution to your problem.
window.onresize = function(event){
if(window.innerWidth < 600px){
// add the class to the element
}else{
// remove the class
}
}
I don't think you can achive what you want in any other way without using precompiler.
You'd have to use a CSS pre-processor to do this.
Otherwise you'd have to use jQuery to toggle some other class based on viewport width or assign the .small styles to #a as well, then make a media query to undo it all when you don't want it to look like that.
Related
I want to know why the media queries has less priority than normal css?
How to work around to make the media queries more important?
#media screen and (min-width: 100px) and (max-width: 1499px) {
.logo img {
width: 120%;
}
}
.logo img{
width: 100%;
}
<div class="logo">
<img src="http://www.menucool.com/slider/jsImgSlider/images/image-slider-2.jpg" alt="image">
</div>
This has to do with the way the Cascade in CSS works. When two conflicting rules target the same element, the browser uses the rules of the cascade to determine which one to apply.
Selector specificity is the most important part of this: styles with a more specific selector will override those with a less-specific selector... but
media queries do not change the specificity of your selectors. This means that your two selectors have the same specificity. When that happens, the one appearing later in your stylesheet will override the earlier one.
Your easiest and best fix is to swap the order of your rulesets:
.logo img{
width: 100%;
}
#media screen and (min-width: 100px) and (max-width: 1499px) {
.logo img {
width: 120%;
}
}
This way, the media query comes later, and will override the earlier rule when the media query matches the viewport size.
If that's not an option for some reason, you will need to increase the selector specificity of the rule you want to win. Changing it to the following would work:
#media screen and (min-width: 100px) and (max-width: 1499px) {
.logo img {
width: 120%;
}
}
.logo a img{
width: 100%;
}
This way the selector now has two tags and a class, or [0,1,2], making it more specific than one tag and one class, or [0,1,1] (the zero in each of those indicates no ids, which are highly specific).
Do not use !important to fix specificity issues like this. If you need to override the style again elsewhere, the only way to do it is to add another !important. This will eventually lead to !importants all over the place, and then you will still need to deal with the specificity of the selectors.
While linking the css files in head section, just include the file with the media queries at the last. This way, it can override other style rules, if they have same specificity.
This worked well for me.
I know this may seem like a very simple question, but please understand I know very little about CSS.
Essentially, I have a responsive website with two columns. I want to add an ad on the right for Desktop, and one of the left for Mobile. So far so good, I only have to copy and adapt the code they provide on their website, and this did work for mobile, hiding the ad:
<style type="text/css">
.adslot_1 { display:inline-block; width: 320px; height: 50px; }
#media (max-width: 400px) { .adslot_1 { display: none; } }
</style>
<ins class="adsbygoogle adslot_1"
data-ad-client="ca-pub-1234"
data-ad-slot="5678"></ins>
<script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>
<script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});</script>
However, how can I adapt this for desktop? I assumed all I had was to change the max-width: 400px to min-width, but it doesn't seem to be working at all... any ideas on why, and how can I fix it?
In many cases scripts that insert content dynamically tend to modify the element's inline CSS properties and that usually overrides the style definitions, because of specificity. You can learn more on specificity in CSS on MDN.
What I would recommend you to do is to add !important to your style definition to see if that does hide the element. Your style should look something like: (I added some extra info to the #media query.
.adslot_1 {
display:inline-block;
width: 320px;
height: 50px;
}
#media only screen and (max-width: 400px) {
.adslot_1 {
display: none !important;
}
}
What you could also do is open your browser's inspect tools (developer tools) and inspect that specific element to see which styles are being applied and also check that based on media query.
First, let me say I've looked all over for this solution and am completely stuck. I've followed suggestions of importing media queries from a separate file after my other css rules, I've used an ancestor to target the span in the query to try and override the inline styling, I've tried just about everything else I can think of.
Currently, I have a span with nested spans that I want to render when the page width is between 0px and 600px. I am using react so I had to follow their guidelines for inline styling. Essentially I created an object with the display: none styling rules as the key-value pair. I then passed that to the JSX for the span. So essentially, it looks like this.
const hidden = {
display: 'none'
}
...
<span className="blah" style={hidden}>
<span>blah</span>
<span>: </span>
{deleteButton2} //this is a separate span generated conditionally, doesn't relate to this.
</span>
So now I have in my media query:
#media screen and (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 600px) {
//other rules that work fine
...
.blah-ancestor > .blah {
display: inline //I've tried inline, inline-block, and block, none of which are working.
}
}
Please, I really need some help here. I'm quite literally pulling my hair out over this and I have 0 tools in my toolbelt to deal with this kind of bug as I've never run into something quite like this yet.
Inline styles always have priority over internal or embedded CSS, and over external CSS. This is shown to some degree on the <style> MDN documentation.
You could simply remove the inline styles and use two media queries or the mobile-first approach to show/hide the .blah.
Here is the mobile first approach:
// Smallest screens 0px - 600px, no media query
.blah-ancestor > .blah {
display: inline;
}
// Small screens above 600px
#media screen and (min-width: 601px) {
.blah-ancestor > .blah {
display: none;
}
}
This way you completely get rid of inline CSS and with that, you eliminate some of the priority issues.
I am new to learning responsive design. What I have noticed on my journey is that when I put media queries at the bottom of the stylesheet, everything works flawlessly in regards to breakpoints. If I put the media queries at the top of the stylesheet, nothing works, and only recently I found out that I need to add !important and max-DEVICE-width ( as opposed to max-width) to the css that is being changed.
Why is this? Why do the media queries work on both desktop and mobile when put at the bottom of the stylesheet.
Why is it that when I put media queries on the top of the stylesheet I need to add !important and also max-DEVICE-width in order for the breakpoints to work on desktop and mobile?
Because css is read from top to bottom. The rule that is set last, is the one that will be executed.
Translating, it is like this:
#media (max-width: 600px) { //If my screen fits this size
.text {
color: red; //Paint it red
}
}
.text {
color: yellow; //Now, forget about everything and paint it yellow!
}
When you add !important is like saying:
#media (max-width: 600px) { //If my screen fits this size
.text {
color: red !important; //Paint it red, and don't change it ever!!!
}
}
.text {
color: yellow; //Ok, I'm not going to paint it yellow....
}
CSS is read from top to bottom.
Everything that is below some other css will overwrite what's on top of it.
It is possible however to use !important at the end of a CSS parameter to make it overwrite everything else
body{
background-color: black !important;
}
body{
background-color: pink;
}
The background-color will be black.
If you remove the !important, it will be pink.
Media queries cascade with the rest of the stylesheet. You can intersperse media queries within your stylesheet, and so you can also cascade styles as needed.
For example:
.my-class {
color: red;
}
.my-class--modifier {
color: blue;
}
#media screen and (min-width: 760px) {
.my-class--modifier {
color: green;
}
}
.some-other-class {
width: 200px;
}
#media screen and (min-width: 760px) {
.some-other-class {
width: 700px;
background-color: gray;
}
.some-other-class .my-class {
border: 2px solid red;
border-radius: 4pt;
}
}
This works precisely due to CSS's cascading nature. You can organize media queries as required based on sections, individual selectors and more.
Basically you are using media queries when you want to apply CSS styles depending on a device's general type (such as print vs. screen), specific characteristics (such as the width of the browser viewport, or environment (such as ambient light conditions).
When you started designing, you generally started doing it for one device of known specifications. So you design it according to you current device and then apply it for other screen sizes.
Hence the order goes like this: Make complete design --> Add the media query to fit for desired screen sizes at the bottom.
It is preferrable to write the query at the bottom became of precedence. That will save you from stress of using important! everytime.
I have a page with lots of data, tables and content.
I want to make a print version that will only display very few selected things.
Instead of writing another page just for printing, I was reading about CSS's feature for "#media print".
First, what browsers support it? Since this is an internal feature, it's OK if only the latest browsers support it.
I was thinking of tagging a few DOM elements with a "printable" class, and basically apply "display:none" to everything except those elements with the "printable" class.
Is that doable?
How do I achieve this?
EDIT:
This is what I have so far:
<style type="text/css">
#media print {
* {display:none;}
.printable, .printable > * {display:block;}
}
</style>
But it hides everything. How do I make those "printable" elements visible?
EDIT:
Trying now the negative approach
<style type="text/css">
#media print {
body *:not(.printable *) {display:none;}
}
</style>
This looks good in theory, however it doesn't work. Maybe "not" doesn't support advanced css ...
Start here. But basically what you are thinking is the correct approach.
Thanks, Now my question is actually
becoming: How do I apply CSS to a
class AND ALL OF ITS DESCENDANT
ELEMENTS? So that I can apply
"display:block" to whatever is in the
"printable" zones.
If an element is set to display:none; all its children will be hidden as well. But in any case. If you want a style to apply to all children of something else, you do the following:
.printable * {
display: block;
}
That would apply the style to all children of the "printable" zone.
If you want to display some links etc. when in the browser, that you don't want to be printed. Furthermore you have some logos and letterhead info that only should go on the printed page.
This seems to work fine:
Example:
CSS:
#media print {
.noPrint {
display:none;
}
}
#media screen {
.onlyPrint {
display: none;
}
}
HTML:
<div class="noPrint" id="this_is_not_printed" >
<a href=links.html>
</div>
<div class="onlyPrint" id="this_is_only_seen_on_printer" >
<img scr=logo.png >
<img scr=letterhead.png >
</div>
A simple way:
<style>
.print-only{
display: none;
}
#media print {
.no-print {
display: none;
}
.print-only{
display: block;
}
}
</style>
I got here because I was curious about printing a chart generated by chart.js. I wanted to just print the chart directly from the page (with a button that does a 'window.print') without all of the other content of the page.
So, I got closer by using the technique from the answer here: Why can't I override display property applied via an asterisk? .
You have to apply the 'asterisk' to the 'body' element, not just by itself. So, using the example CSS that the OP (Nathan) added to the question, I changed it to this:
<style type="text/css">
#media print {
body * {display:none;}
.printable, .printable > * {
display: block !important;
}
}
</style>
Then adding that 'printable' class to the chart itself, as in
<canvas id="myChart" class="printable" width="400" height="400"></canvas>
Which removed all page elements on the printed output except the chart when the 'print' button is clicked (via this):
<script>
myChart.render();
document.getElementById("printChart").addEventListener("click",function(){
window.print();
});
</script>
So, perhaps this will help anyone that gets to this question via the googles.
Came across the same question recently and for me, this solution works just perfect:
#media print {
* {
visibility: hidden;
}
.printable {
visibility: visible;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
padding: 10mm;
}
.printable * {
visibility: visible;
}
}
Since visibility: hidden doesn't remove elements, as display: none does, it is possible to change it for desired elements separately.
Nearly all browsers support it. It might be advantageous to use the media attribute on the link tag.
Using display: none; in some of your rules would be an appropriate way to handle your situation.
I suggest to hide the element that you won't print:
HTML
<h1 class="no-print" >Welcome Just Screen</h1>
<div> I want print this section :)</div>
<div class="no-print">It's display only on screen</div>
CSS
#media print {
.no-print {
display: none;
}
}