R get correct index using which() condition - r

I have to find an observation satisfying some criteria and then merge this indices with an other dataset. So I don't need the index of the observations satisfying the condition, but the index that refers to all the observations.
For instance, I want to find the max(x1) given that x2>20 and then use this index in another dataset later. I need the right index, in other words:
dat <- data.frame(name= c("A","B","C","D"),
x1= c(1,2,3,4),
x2= c(10,20,30,40))
dat$name[which.max(dat$x1[dat$x2>20])]
[1] B
I want to get
[1] D
i.e. an index of 4, not 2.

Here's one way using data table
library(data.table)
dat <- as.data.table(dat)
which(dat[,name]==dat[x2>20,][which.max(x1),name])
Can do something similar using data frames, but it will be rather more verbose.
which (dat$name==dat$name[which(dat$x2>20)][which.max(dat$x1[which(dat$x2>20)])])
Note that this method depends on the assumption that name contains unique values for each row.

Just use max instead of which.max. However, the whole data frame needs to be sorted based on x1, as max does 1:1 mapping. (Thanks #myk_raniu for clarifying)
dat <- dat[order(dat$x1),]
dat$name[max(dat$x1[dat$x2>20])]
#[1] D

The reason which.max doesn't give the right answer is that the filtered list of x1 is shorter than the dat$name list and there is no longer a 1:1 correspondance
Try this instead
dat <- data.frame(name= c("A","B","C","D"),
x1= c(1,2,3,4),
x2= c(10,20,30,40))
dat$name[dat$x1==max(dat$x1[dat$x2>20])]

Related

How to replace several variables with several variables from another dataframe in R using a loop?

I would like to replace multiple variables with variables from a second dataframe in R.
df1$var1 <- df2$var1
df1$var2 <- df2$var2
# and so on ...
As you can see the variable names are the same in both dataframes, however, numeric values are slightly different whereas the correct version is in df2 but needs to be in df1. I need to do this for many, many variables in a complex data set and wonder whether someone could help with a more efficient way to code this (possibly without using column references).
Here some example data:
# dataframe 1
var1 <- c(1:10)
var2 <- c(1:10)
df1 <- data.frame(var1,var2)
# dataframe 2
var1 <- c(11:20)
var2 <- c(11:20)
df2 <- data.frame(var1,var2)
# assigning correct values
df1$var1 <- df2$var1
df1$var2 <- df2$var2
As Parfait has said, the current post seems a bit too simplified to give any immediate help but I will try and summarize what you may need for something like this to work.
If the assumption is that df1 and df2 have the same number of rows AND that their orders are already matching, then you can achieve this really easily by the following subset notation:
df1[,c({column names df1}), drop = FALSE] <- df2[, c({column names df2}), drop = FALSE]
Lets say that df1 has columns a, b, and c and you want to replace b and c with two columns of df1 whose columns are x, y, z.
df1[,c("b","c"), drop = FALSE] <- df2[, c("y", "z"), drop = FALSE]
Here we are replacing b with y and c with z. The drop argument is just for added protection against subsetting a data.frame to ensure you don't get a vector.
If you do NOT know the order is correct or one data frame may have a differing size than the other BUT there is a unique identifier between the two data.frames - then I would personally use a function that is designed for merging two data frames. Depending on your preference you can use merge from base or use *_join functions from the dplyr package (my preference).
library(dplyr)
#assuming a and x are unique identifiers that can be matched.
new_df <- left_join(df1, df2, by = c("a"="x"))

using adist on two columns of data frame

I want to use adist to calculate edit distance between the values of two columns in each row.
I am using it in more-or-less this way:
A <- c("mad","car")
B <- c("mug","cat")
my_df <- data.frame(A,B)
my_df$dist <- adist(my_df$A, my_df$B, ignore.case = TRUE)
my_df <- my_df[order(dist),]
The last two rows are the same as in my case, but the actual data frame looks a bit different - columns of my original data frame are character type, not factor. Also, the dist column seems to be returned as 2-column matrix, I have no idea why it happens.
Update:
I have read a bit and found that I need to apply it over the rows, so my new code is following:
apply(my_df, 1, function(d) adist(d[1], d[2]))
It works fine, but for my original dataset calling it by column numbers is inpractical, how can I refer to column names in this function?
Using tidyverse approach, you may use the following code:
library(tidyverse)
A <- c("mad","car")
B <- c("mug","cat")
my_df <- data.frame(A,B)
my_df %>%
rowwise() %>%
mutate(Lev_dist=adist(x=A,y=B,ignore.case=TRUE))
You can overcome that problem by using mapply, i.e.
mapply(adist, df$A, df$B)
#[1] 2 1
As per adist function definition the x and y arguments should be character vectors. In your example the function is returning a 2x2 matrix because it is comparing also the cross words "mad" with "cat" and "car" with "mug".
Just look at the matrix master diagonal.

Remove Duplicates, but Keep the Most Complete Iteration

I'm trying to figure out how remove duplicates based on three variables (id, key, and num). I would like to remove the duplicate with the least amount of columns filled. If an equal number are filled, either can be removed.
For example,
Original <- data.frame(id= c(1,2,2,3,3,4,5,5),
key=c(1,2,2,3,3,4,5,5),
num=c(1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1),
v4= c(1,NA,5,5,NA,5,NA,7),
v5=c(1,NA,5,5,NA,5,NA,7))
The output would be the following:
Finished <- data.frame(id= c(1,2,3,4,5),
key=c(1,2,3,4,5),
num=c(1,1,1,1,1),
v4= c(1,5,5,5,7),
v5=c(1,5,5,5,7))
My real dataset is bigger and a mix of mostly numerical, but some character variables, but I couldn't determine the best way to go about doing this. I've previously used a program that would do something similar within the duplicates command called check.all.
So far, my thoughts have been to use grepl and determine where "anything" is present
Present <- apply(Original, 2, function(x) grepl("[[:alnum:]]", x))
Then, using the resultant dataframe I ask for rowSums and Cbind it to the original.
CompleteNess <- rowSums(Present)
cbind(Original, CompleteNess)
This is the point where I'm unsure of my next steps... I have a variable which tells me how many columns are filled in each row (CompleteNess); however, I'm unsure of how to implement duplicates.
Simply, I'm looking for When id, key, and num are duplicated - keep the row with the highest value of CompleteNess.
If anybody can think of a better way to do this or get me through the last little bit I would greatly appreciate it. Thanks All!
Here is a solution. It is not very pretty but it should work for your application:
#Order by the degree of completeness
Original<-Original[order(CompleteNess),]
#Starting from the bottom select the not duplicated rows
#based on the first 3 columns
Original[!duplicated(Original[,1:3], fromLast = TRUE),]
This does rearrange your original data frame so beware if there is additional processing later on.
You can aggregate your data and select the row with max score:
Original <- data.frame(id= c(1,2,2,3,3,4,5,5),
key=c(1,2,2,3,3,4,5,5),
num=c(1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1),
v4= c(1,NA,5,5,NA,5,NA,7),
v5=c(1,NA,5,5,NA,5,NA,7))
Present <- apply(Original, 2, function(x) grepl("[[:alnum:]]", x))
#get the score
Original$present <- rowSums(Present)
#create a column to aggregate on
Original$id.key.num <- paste(Original$id, Original$key, Original$num, sep = "-")
library("plyr")
#aggregate here
Final <- ddply(Original,.(id.key.num),summarize,
Max = max(present))
And if you want to keep the other columns, just do this:
Final <- ddply(Original,.(id.key.num),summarize,
Max = max(present),
v4 = v4[which.max(present)],
v5 = v5[which.max(present)]
)

How to assign a subset from a data frame `a' to a subset of data frame `b'

It might be a trivial question (I am new to R), but I could not find a answer for my question, either here in SO or anywhere else. My scenario is the following.
I have an data frame df and i want to update a subset df$tag values. df is similar to the following:
id = rep( c(1:4), 3)
tag = rep( c("aaa", "bbb", "rrr", "fff"), 3)
df = data.frame(id, tag)
Then, I am trying to use match() to update the column tag from the subsets of the data frame, using a second data frame (e.g., aux) that contains two columns, namely, key and value. The subsets are defined by id = n, according to n in unique(df$id). aux looks like the following:
> aux
key value
"aaa" "valueAA"
"bbb" "valueBB"
"rrr" "valueRR"
"fff" "valueFF"
I have tried to loop over the data frame, as follows:
for(i in unique(df$id)){
indexer = df$id == i
# here is how I tried to update the dame frame:
df[indexer,]$tag <- aux[match(df[indexer,]$tag, aux$key),]$value
}
The expected result was the df[indexer,]$tag updated with the respective values from aux$value.
The actual result was df$tag fulfilled with NA's. I've got no errors, but the following warning message:
In '[<-.factor'('tmp', df$id == i, value = c(NA, :
invalid factor level, NA generated
Before, I was using df$tag <- aux[match(df$tag, aux$key),]$value, which worked properly, but some duplicated df$tags made the match() produce the misplaced updates in a number of rows. I also simulate the subsetting and it works fine. Can someone suggest a solution for this update?
UPDATE (how the final dataset should look like?):
> df
id tag
1 "valueAA"
2 "valueBB"
3 "valueRR"
4 "valueFF"
(...) (...)
Thank you in advance.
Does this produce the output you expect?
df$tag <- aux$value[match(df$tag, aux$key)]
merge() would work too unless you have duplicates in aux.
It turned out that my data was breaking all the available built-in functions providing me a wrong dataset in the end. Then, my solution (at least, a preliminary one) was the following:
to process each subset individually;
add each data frame to a list;
use rbindlist(a.list, use.names = T) to get a complete data frame with the results.

R: Apply function on specific columns preserving the rest of the dataframe

I'd like to learn how to apply functions on specific columns of my dataframe without "excluding" the other columns from my df. For example i'd like to multiply some specific columns by 1000 and leave the other ones as they are.
Using the sapply function for example like this:
a<-as.data.frame(sapply(table.xy[,1], function(x){x*1000}))
I get new dataframes with the first column multiplied by 1000 but without the other columns that I didn't use in the operation. So my attempt was to do it like this:
a<-as.data.frame(sapply(table.xy, function(x) if (colnames=="columnA") {x/1000} else {x}))
but this one didn't work.
My workaround was to give both dataframes another row with IDs and later on merge the old dataframe with the newly created to get a complete one. But I think there must be a better solution. Isn't it?
If you only want to do a computation on one or a few columns you can use transform or simply do index it manually:
# with transfrom:
df <- data.frame(A = 1:10, B = 1:10)
df <- transform(df, A = A*1000)
# Manually:
df <- data.frame(A = 1:10, B = 1:10)
df$A <- df$A * 1000
The following code will apply the desired function to the only the columns you specify.
I'll create a simple data frame as a reproducible example.
(df <- data.frame(x = 1, y = 1:10, z=11:20))
(df <- cbind(df[1], apply(df[2:3],2, function(x){x*1000})))
Basically, use cbind() to select the columns you don't want the function to run on, then use apply() with desired functions on the target columns.
In dplyr we would use mutate_at in which you can select or exclude (by preceding variable name with "-" minus sign) specific variables.
You can just name a function
df <- df %>%
mutate_at(vars(columnA), scale)
or create your own
df <- df %>%
mutate_at(vars(columnA, columnC), function(x) {do this})

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