Related
When .parent div width (or more generically the screen width) decreases, the .right div text should overlap on top of the .left div text.
.parent {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
letter-spacing: normal;
outline: 0;
}
.left {
text-align: center;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
}
.right {
width: 15px;
min-width: 15px;
position: relative;
display: flex;
background-color: pink;
z-index: 9999999999;
}
<div class="parent">
<div class="left">This is some text that can and should be overlapped as width decreases</div>
<div class="right">This Text should always overlap text to the left</div>
</div>
.left{
overflow: hidden;
}
.parent{
width:100%;
}
Adding an overflow property to the left div will hide the text as the right text overlaps it in combination with a parent that is 100% width. Works like a charm.
Dont know if I understand what you want. But here is a solution as I understood the task. When the screen has a width of less then 900px, the 'right' div will be displayed on top of the 'left' div. (Added some colors to make it easier to understand where each div is)
.parent {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
letter-spacing: normal;
outline: 0;
background-color: green;
}
.left {
text-align: center;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
background-color: yellow;
}
.right {
width: 15px;
min-width: 15px;
position: relative;
display: flex;
background-color: pink;
z-index: 9999999999;
}
#media screen and (max-width: 900px) {
.parent {
flex-direction: column-reverse;
}
}
<div class="parent">
<div class="left">This is some text that can and should be overlapped as width decreases</div>
<div class="right">This Text should always overlap text to the left</div>
</div>
I searched over Stackoverflow though many posts but I didn't found the solution.
I'm trying to align my text vertically, using margin: auto;
It seems there is a margin collapsing problem, if you wanna check this example:
// HTML
<div class="outer">
<div class="inner">Hello</div>
</div>
<div class="outer2">
<div class="inner">Trying to center this text vertically</div>
</div>
// CSS
.inner {
margin: auto 0;
height: 20px;
color: white;
}
.outer {
background-color: red;
}
.outer2 {
background-color: blue;
height: 200px;
}
If you want to play on my code, click here
I don't believe there's a good way to vertically align content using margin: auto 0 like you've set it up. To get the inner divs vertically centered, here's a simple way by modifying .inner:
.inner {
height: 200px;
color: white;
line-height: 200px;
}
The display does the magic. Display: table-cell on inner and display: table on outer div. And finally on inner div you put vertical-align: middle or whatever position that you want.
.inner {
display: table-cell;
vertical-align: middle;
height: 20px;
color: white;
}
.outer2 {
text-align: center;
background-color: blue;
height: 200px;
display: table;
width: 100%;
}
I would advise you to use flexbox
add this to outer2 class
.outer2 {
background-color: blue;
height: 200px;
display:flex;
align-items:center;
}
And for horizontal align you can use justify-content:center
align-item:center will align items in center of div vertically ,
.outer2 {
display: flex;
justify-content: center, left;
background-color: blue;
height: 200px;
}
you are trying to align the entire inner div by giving margin:auto. You can use text-align: center if you want to align the text. If you need to align the entire div then mention height and width for inner div. I have posted fiddle link please check
http://jsfiddle.net/ajaycoder/n1rz0bts/4/
.inner {
margin: auto ;
color: white;
width:50%;
border: solid 1px red;
height:50%;
}
How can I horizontally center a <div> within another <div> using CSS?
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
With flexbox it is very easy to style the div horizontally and vertically centered.
#inner {
border: 0.05em solid black;
}
#outer {
border: 0.05em solid red;
width:100%;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
To align the div vertically centered, use the property align-items: center.
Other Solutions
You can apply this CSS to the inner <div>:
#inner {
width: 50%;
margin: 0 auto;
}
Of course, you don't have to set the width to 50%. Any width less than the containing <div> will work. The margin: 0 auto is what does the actual centering.
If you are targeting Internet Explorer 8 (and later), it might be better to have this instead:
#inner {
display: table;
margin: 0 auto;
}
It will make the inner element center horizontally and it works without setting a specific width.
Working example here:
#inner {
display: table;
margin: 0 auto;
border: 1px solid black;
}
#outer {
border: 1px solid red;
width:100%
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
If you don't want to set a fixed width on the inner div you could do something like this:
#outer {
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
#inner {
display: inline-block;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
That makes the inner div into an inline element that can be centered with text-align.
The best approaches are with CSS3.
The old box model (deprecated)
display: box and its properties box-pack, box-align, box-orient, box-direction etc. have been replaced by flexbox. While they may still work, they are not recommended to be used in production.
#outer {
width: 100%;
/* Firefox */
display: -moz-box;
-moz-box-pack: center;
-moz-box-align: center;
/* Safari and Chrome */
display: -webkit-box;
-webkit-box-pack: center;
-webkit-box-align: center;
/* W3C */
display: box;
box-pack: center;
box-align: center;
}
#inner {
width: 50%;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
According to your usability you may also use the box-orient, box-flex, box-direction properties.
The modern box model with Flexbox
#outer {
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
Read more about centering the child elements
CSS Box Model Module Level 3
Box model (CSS2)
box-align on MDN
And this explains why the box model is the best approach:
Why is the W3C box model considered better?
#centered {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
margin-left: -100px;
}
<div id="outer" style="width:200px">
<div id="centered">Foo foo</div>
</div>
Make sure the parent element is positioned, i.e., relative, fixed, absolute, or sticky.
If you don't know the width of your div, you can use transform:translateX(-50%); instead of the negative margin.
With CSS calc(), the code can get even simpler:
.centered {
width: 200px;
position: absolute;
left: calc(50% - 100px);
}
The principle is still the same; put the item in the middle and compensate for the width.
I've created this example to show how to vertically and horizontally align.
The code is basically this:
#outer {
position: relative;
}
and...
#inner {
margin: auto;
position: absolute;
left:0;
right: 0;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
}
And it will stay in the center even when you resize your screen.
Some posters have mentioned the CSS 3 way to center using display:box.
This syntax is outdated and shouldn't be used anymore. [See also this post].
So just for completeness here is the latest way to center in CSS 3 using the Flexible Box Layout Module.
So if you have simple markup like:
<div class="box">
<div class="item1">A</div>
<div class="item2">B</div>
<div class="item3">C</div>
</div>
...and you want to center your items within the box, here's what you need on the parent element (.box):
.box {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap; /* Optional. only if you want the items to wrap */
justify-content: center; /* For horizontal alignment */
align-items: center; /* For vertical alignment */
}
.box {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
/* Optional. only if you want the items to wrap */
justify-content: center;
/* For horizontal alignment */
align-items: center;
/* For vertical alignment */
}
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html,
body {
height: 100%;
}
.box {
height: 200px;
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
border: 2px solid tomato;
}
.box div {
margin: 0 10px;
width: 100px;
}
.item1 {
height: 50px;
background: pink;
}
.item2 {
background: brown;
height: 100px;
}
.item3 {
height: 150px;
background: orange;
}
<div class="box">
<div class="item1">A</div>
<div class="item2">B</div>
<div class="item3">C</div>
</div>
If you need to support older browsers which use older syntax for flexbox here's a good place to look.
If you don't want to set a fixed width and don't want the extra margin, add display: inline-block to your element.
You can use:
#element {
display: table;
margin: 0 auto;
}
Centering a div of unknown height and width
Horizontally and vertically. It works with reasonably modern browsers (Firefox, Safari/WebKit, Chrome, Internet & Explorer & 10, Opera, etc.)
.content {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}
<div class="content">This works with any content</div>
Tinker with it further on Codepen or on JSBin.
Set the width and set margin-left and margin-right to auto. That's for horizontal only, though. If you want both ways, you'd just do it both ways. Don't be afraid to experiment; it's not like you'll break anything.
It cannot be centered if you don't give it a width. Otherwise, it will take, by default, the whole horizontal space.
CSS 3's box-align property
#outer {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
display: box;
box-orient: horizontal;
box-pack: center;
box-align: center;
}
The way I usually do it is using absolute position:
#inner{
left: 0;
right: 0;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
position: absolute;
}
The outer div doesn't need any extra properties for this to work.
I recently had to center a "hidden" div (i.e., display:none;) that had a tabled form within it that needed to be centered on the page. I wrote the following jQuery code to display the hidden div and then update the CSS content to the automatic generated width of the table and change the margin to center it. (The display toggle is triggered by clicking on a link, but this code wasn't necessary to display.)
NOTE: I'm sharing this code, because Google brought me to this Stack Overflow solution and everything would have worked except that hidden elements don't have any width and can't be resized/centered until after they are displayed.
$(function(){
$('#inner').show().width($('#innerTable').width()).css('margin','0 auto');
});
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="inner" style="display:none;">
<form action="">
<table id="innerTable">
<tr><td>Name:</td><td><input type="text"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Email:</td><td><input type="text"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Email:</td><td><input type="submit"></td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</div>
For Firefox and Chrome:
<div style="width:100%;">
<div style="width: 50%; margin: 0px auto;">Text</div>
</div>
For Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Chrome:
<div style="width:100%; text-align:center;">
<div style="width: 50%; margin: 0px auto; text-align:left;">Text</div>
</div>
The text-align: property is optional for modern browsers, but it is necessary in Internet Explorer Quirks Mode for legacy browsers support.
Use:
#outerDiv {
width: 500px;
}
#innerDiv {
width: 200px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
<div id="outerDiv">
<div id="innerDiv">Inner Content</div>
</div>
Another solution for this without having to set a width for one of the elements is using the CSS 3 transform attribute.
#outer {
position: relative;
}
#inner {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
}
The trick is that translateX(-50%) sets the #inner element 50 percent to the left of its own width. You can use the same trick for vertical alignment.
Here's a Fiddle showing horizontal and vertical alignment.
More information is on Mozilla Developer Network.
Chris Coyier who wrote an excellent post on 'Centering in the Unknown' on his blog. It's a roundup of multiple solutions. I posted one that isn't posted in this question. It has more browser support than the Flexbox solution, and you're not using display: table; which could break other things.
/* This parent can be any width and height */
.outer {
text-align: center;
}
/* The ghost, nudged to maintain perfect centering */
.outer:before {
content: '.';
display: inline-block;
height: 100%;
vertical-align: middle;
width: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
/* The element to be centered, can
also be of any width and height */
.inner {
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: middle;
width: 300px;
}
I recently found an approach:
#outer {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
}
#inner {
position: relative;
left: -50%;
}
Both elements must be the same width to function correctly.
For example, see this link and the snippet below:
div#outer {
height: 120px;
background-color: red;
}
div#inner {
width: 50%;
height: 100%;
background-color: green;
margin: 0 auto;
text-align: center; /* For text alignment to center horizontally. */
line-height: 120px; /* For text alignment to center vertically. */
}
<div id="outer" style="width:100%;">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
If you have a lot of children under a parent, so your CSS content must be like this example on fiddle.
The HTML content look likes this:
<div id="outer" style="width:100%;">
<div class="inner"> Foo Text </div>
<div class="inner"> Foo Text </div>
<div class="inner"> Foo Text </div>
<div class="inner"> </div>
<div class="inner"> </div>
<div class="inner"> </div>
<div class="inner"> </div>
<div class="inner"> </div>
<div class="inner"> Foo Text </div>
</div>
Then see this example on fiddle.
Centering only horizontally
In my experience, the best way to center a box horizontally is to apply the following properties:
The container:
should have text-align: center;
The content box:
should have display: inline-block;
Demo:
.container {
width: 100%;
height: 120px;
background: #CCC;
text-align: center;
}
.centered-content {
display: inline-block;
background: #FFF;
padding: 20px;
border: 1px solid #000;
}
<div class="container">
<div class="centered-content">
Center this!
</div>
</div>
See also this Fiddle!
Centering both horizontally & vertically
In my experience, the best way to center a box both vertically and horizontally is to use an additional container and apply the following properties:
The outer container:
should have display: table;
The inner container:
should have display: table-cell;
should have vertical-align: middle;
should have text-align: center;
The content box:
should have display: inline-block;
Demo:
.outer-container {
display: table;
width: 100%;
height: 120px;
background: #CCC;
}
.inner-container {
display: table-cell;
vertical-align: middle;
text-align: center;
}
.centered-content {
display: inline-block;
background: #FFF;
padding: 20px;
border: 1px solid #000;
}
<div class="outer-container">
<div class="inner-container">
<div class="centered-content">
Center this!
</div>
</div>
</div>
See also this Fiddle!
Flexbox
display: flex behaves like a block element and lays out its content according to the flexbox model. It works with justify-content: center.
Please note: Flexbox is compatible all browsers exept Internet Explorer. See display: flex not working on Internet Explorer for a complete and up to date list of browsers compatibility.
#inner {
display: inline-block;
}
#outer {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
Text-align: center
Applying text-align: center the inline contents are centered within the line box. However since the inner div has by default width: 100% you have to set a specific width or use one of the following:
display: block
display: inline
display: inline-block
#inner {
display: inline-block;
}
#outer {
text-align: center;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
Margin: 0 auto
Using margin: 0 auto is another option and it is more suitable for older browsers compatibility. It works together with display: table.
#inner {
display: table;
margin: 0 auto;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
Transform
transform: translate lets you modify the coordinate space of the CSS visual formatting model. Using it, elements can be translated, rotated, scaled, and skewed. To center horizontally it require position: absolute and left: 50%.
#inner {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, 0%);
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
<center> (Deprecated)
The tag <center> is the HTML alternative to text-align: center. It works on older browsers and most of the new ones but it is not considered a good practice since this feature is obsolete and has been removed from the Web standards.
#inner {
display: inline-block;
}
<div id="outer">
<center>
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</center>
</div>
This method also works just fine:
div.container {
display: flex;
justify-content: center; /* For horizontal alignment */
align-items: center; /* For vertical alignment */
}
For the inner <div>, the only condition is that its height and width must not be larger than the ones of its container.
The easiest way:
#outer {
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
#inner {
margin: auto;
width: 200px;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Blabla</div>
</div>
Flex have more than 97% browser support coverage and might be the best way to solve these kind of problems within few lines:
#outer {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
If width of the content is unknown you can use the following method. Suppose we have these two elements:
.outer -- full width
.inner -- no width set (but a max-width could be specified)
Suppose the computed width of the elements are 1000 pixels and 300 pixels respectively. Proceed as follows:
Wrap .inner inside .center-helper
Make .center-helper an inline block; it becomes the same size as .inner making it 300 pixels wide.
Push .center-helper 50% right relative to its parent; this places its left at 500 pixels wrt. outer.
Push .inner 50% left relative to its parent; this places its left at -150 pixels wrt. center helper which means its left is at 500 - 150 = 350 pixels wrt. outer.
Set overflow on .outer to hidden to prevent horizontal scrollbar.
Demo:
body {
font: medium sans-serif;
}
.outer {
overflow: hidden;
background-color: papayawhip;
}
.center-helper {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
left: 50%;
background-color: burlywood;
}
.inner {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
left: -50%;
background-color: wheat;
}
<div class="outer">
<div class="center-helper">
<div class="inner">
<h1>A div with no defined width</h1>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.<br>
Duis condimentum sem non turpis consectetur blandit.<br>
Donec dictum risus id orci ornare tempor.<br>
Proin pharetra augue a lorem elementum molestie.<br>
Nunc nec justo sit amet nisi tempor viverra sit amet a ipsum.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
You can do something like this
#container {
display: table;
width: <width of your container>;
height: <height of your container>;
}
#inner {
width: <width of your center div>;
display: table-cell;
margin: 0 auto;
text-align: center;
vertical-align: middle;
}
This will also align the #inner vertically. If you don't want to, remove the display and vertical-align properties;
Here is what you want in the shortest way.
JSFIDDLE
#outer {
margin - top: 100 px;
height: 500 px; /* you can set whatever you want */
border: 1 px solid# ccc;
}
#inner {
border: 1 px solid# f00;
position: relative;
top: 50 % ;
transform: translateY(-50 % );
}
You can use display: flex for your outer div and to horizontally center you have to add justify-content: center
#outer{
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
or you can visit w3schools - CSS flex Property for more ideas.
Well, I managed to find a solution that maybe will fit all situations, but uses JavaScript:
Here's the structure:
<div class="container">
<div class="content">Your content goes here!</div>
<div class="content">Your content goes here!</div>
<div class="content">Your content goes here!</div>
</div>
And here's the JavaScript snippet:
$(document).ready(function() {
$('.container .content').each( function() {
container = $(this).closest('.container');
content = $(this);
containerHeight = container.height();
contentHeight = content.height();
margin = (containerHeight - contentHeight) / 2;
content.css('margin-top', margin);
})
});
If you want to use it in a responsive approach, you can add the following:
$(window).resize(function() {
$('.container .content').each( function() {
container = $(this).closest('.container');
content = $(this);
containerHeight = container.height();
contentHeight = content.height();
margin = (containerHeight - contentHeight) / 2;
content.css('margin-top', margin);
})
});
One option existed that I found:
Everybody says to use:
margin: auto 0;
But there is another option. Set this property for the parent div. It
works perfectly anytime:
text-align: center;
And see, child go center.
And finally CSS for you:
#outer{
text-align: center;
display: block; /* Or inline-block - base on your need */
}
#inner
{
position: relative;
margin: 0 auto; /* It is good to be */
}
How can I horizontally center a <div> within another <div> using CSS?
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
With flexbox it is very easy to style the div horizontally and vertically centered.
#inner {
border: 0.05em solid black;
}
#outer {
border: 0.05em solid red;
width:100%;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
To align the div vertically centered, use the property align-items: center.
Other Solutions
You can apply this CSS to the inner <div>:
#inner {
width: 50%;
margin: 0 auto;
}
Of course, you don't have to set the width to 50%. Any width less than the containing <div> will work. The margin: 0 auto is what does the actual centering.
If you are targeting Internet Explorer 8 (and later), it might be better to have this instead:
#inner {
display: table;
margin: 0 auto;
}
It will make the inner element center horizontally and it works without setting a specific width.
Working example here:
#inner {
display: table;
margin: 0 auto;
border: 1px solid black;
}
#outer {
border: 1px solid red;
width:100%
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
If you don't want to set a fixed width on the inner div you could do something like this:
#outer {
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
#inner {
display: inline-block;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
That makes the inner div into an inline element that can be centered with text-align.
The best approaches are with CSS3.
The old box model (deprecated)
display: box and its properties box-pack, box-align, box-orient, box-direction etc. have been replaced by flexbox. While they may still work, they are not recommended to be used in production.
#outer {
width: 100%;
/* Firefox */
display: -moz-box;
-moz-box-pack: center;
-moz-box-align: center;
/* Safari and Chrome */
display: -webkit-box;
-webkit-box-pack: center;
-webkit-box-align: center;
/* W3C */
display: box;
box-pack: center;
box-align: center;
}
#inner {
width: 50%;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
According to your usability you may also use the box-orient, box-flex, box-direction properties.
The modern box model with Flexbox
#outer {
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
Read more about centering the child elements
CSS Box Model Module Level 3
Box model (CSS2)
box-align on MDN
And this explains why the box model is the best approach:
Why is the W3C box model considered better?
#centered {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
margin-left: -100px;
}
<div id="outer" style="width:200px">
<div id="centered">Foo foo</div>
</div>
Make sure the parent element is positioned, i.e., relative, fixed, absolute, or sticky.
If you don't know the width of your div, you can use transform:translateX(-50%); instead of the negative margin.
With CSS calc(), the code can get even simpler:
.centered {
width: 200px;
position: absolute;
left: calc(50% - 100px);
}
The principle is still the same; put the item in the middle and compensate for the width.
I've created this example to show how to vertically and horizontally align.
The code is basically this:
#outer {
position: relative;
}
and...
#inner {
margin: auto;
position: absolute;
left:0;
right: 0;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
}
And it will stay in the center even when you resize your screen.
Some posters have mentioned the CSS 3 way to center using display:box.
This syntax is outdated and shouldn't be used anymore. [See also this post].
So just for completeness here is the latest way to center in CSS 3 using the Flexible Box Layout Module.
So if you have simple markup like:
<div class="box">
<div class="item1">A</div>
<div class="item2">B</div>
<div class="item3">C</div>
</div>
...and you want to center your items within the box, here's what you need on the parent element (.box):
.box {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap; /* Optional. only if you want the items to wrap */
justify-content: center; /* For horizontal alignment */
align-items: center; /* For vertical alignment */
}
.box {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
/* Optional. only if you want the items to wrap */
justify-content: center;
/* For horizontal alignment */
align-items: center;
/* For vertical alignment */
}
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html,
body {
height: 100%;
}
.box {
height: 200px;
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
border: 2px solid tomato;
}
.box div {
margin: 0 10px;
width: 100px;
}
.item1 {
height: 50px;
background: pink;
}
.item2 {
background: brown;
height: 100px;
}
.item3 {
height: 150px;
background: orange;
}
<div class="box">
<div class="item1">A</div>
<div class="item2">B</div>
<div class="item3">C</div>
</div>
If you need to support older browsers which use older syntax for flexbox here's a good place to look.
If you don't want to set a fixed width and don't want the extra margin, add display: inline-block to your element.
You can use:
#element {
display: table;
margin: 0 auto;
}
Centering a div of unknown height and width
Horizontally and vertically. It works with reasonably modern browsers (Firefox, Safari/WebKit, Chrome, Internet & Explorer & 10, Opera, etc.)
.content {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}
<div class="content">This works with any content</div>
Tinker with it further on Codepen or on JSBin.
Set the width and set margin-left and margin-right to auto. That's for horizontal only, though. If you want both ways, you'd just do it both ways. Don't be afraid to experiment; it's not like you'll break anything.
It cannot be centered if you don't give it a width. Otherwise, it will take, by default, the whole horizontal space.
CSS 3's box-align property
#outer {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
display: box;
box-orient: horizontal;
box-pack: center;
box-align: center;
}
The way I usually do it is using absolute position:
#inner{
left: 0;
right: 0;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
position: absolute;
}
The outer div doesn't need any extra properties for this to work.
I recently had to center a "hidden" div (i.e., display:none;) that had a tabled form within it that needed to be centered on the page. I wrote the following jQuery code to display the hidden div and then update the CSS content to the automatic generated width of the table and change the margin to center it. (The display toggle is triggered by clicking on a link, but this code wasn't necessary to display.)
NOTE: I'm sharing this code, because Google brought me to this Stack Overflow solution and everything would have worked except that hidden elements don't have any width and can't be resized/centered until after they are displayed.
$(function(){
$('#inner').show().width($('#innerTable').width()).css('margin','0 auto');
});
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="inner" style="display:none;">
<form action="">
<table id="innerTable">
<tr><td>Name:</td><td><input type="text"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Email:</td><td><input type="text"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Email:</td><td><input type="submit"></td></tr>
</table>
</form>
</div>
For Firefox and Chrome:
<div style="width:100%;">
<div style="width: 50%; margin: 0px auto;">Text</div>
</div>
For Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Chrome:
<div style="width:100%; text-align:center;">
<div style="width: 50%; margin: 0px auto; text-align:left;">Text</div>
</div>
The text-align: property is optional for modern browsers, but it is necessary in Internet Explorer Quirks Mode for legacy browsers support.
Use:
#outerDiv {
width: 500px;
}
#innerDiv {
width: 200px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
<div id="outerDiv">
<div id="innerDiv">Inner Content</div>
</div>
Another solution for this without having to set a width for one of the elements is using the CSS 3 transform attribute.
#outer {
position: relative;
}
#inner {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
}
The trick is that translateX(-50%) sets the #inner element 50 percent to the left of its own width. You can use the same trick for vertical alignment.
Here's a Fiddle showing horizontal and vertical alignment.
More information is on Mozilla Developer Network.
Chris Coyier who wrote an excellent post on 'Centering in the Unknown' on his blog. It's a roundup of multiple solutions. I posted one that isn't posted in this question. It has more browser support than the Flexbox solution, and you're not using display: table; which could break other things.
/* This parent can be any width and height */
.outer {
text-align: center;
}
/* The ghost, nudged to maintain perfect centering */
.outer:before {
content: '.';
display: inline-block;
height: 100%;
vertical-align: middle;
width: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
/* The element to be centered, can
also be of any width and height */
.inner {
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: middle;
width: 300px;
}
I recently found an approach:
#outer {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
}
#inner {
position: relative;
left: -50%;
}
Both elements must be the same width to function correctly.
For example, see this link and the snippet below:
div#outer {
height: 120px;
background-color: red;
}
div#inner {
width: 50%;
height: 100%;
background-color: green;
margin: 0 auto;
text-align: center; /* For text alignment to center horizontally. */
line-height: 120px; /* For text alignment to center vertically. */
}
<div id="outer" style="width:100%;">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
If you have a lot of children under a parent, so your CSS content must be like this example on fiddle.
The HTML content look likes this:
<div id="outer" style="width:100%;">
<div class="inner"> Foo Text </div>
<div class="inner"> Foo Text </div>
<div class="inner"> Foo Text </div>
<div class="inner"> </div>
<div class="inner"> </div>
<div class="inner"> </div>
<div class="inner"> </div>
<div class="inner"> </div>
<div class="inner"> Foo Text </div>
</div>
Then see this example on fiddle.
Centering only horizontally
In my experience, the best way to center a box horizontally is to apply the following properties:
The container:
should have text-align: center;
The content box:
should have display: inline-block;
Demo:
.container {
width: 100%;
height: 120px;
background: #CCC;
text-align: center;
}
.centered-content {
display: inline-block;
background: #FFF;
padding: 20px;
border: 1px solid #000;
}
<div class="container">
<div class="centered-content">
Center this!
</div>
</div>
See also this Fiddle!
Centering both horizontally & vertically
In my experience, the best way to center a box both vertically and horizontally is to use an additional container and apply the following properties:
The outer container:
should have display: table;
The inner container:
should have display: table-cell;
should have vertical-align: middle;
should have text-align: center;
The content box:
should have display: inline-block;
Demo:
.outer-container {
display: table;
width: 100%;
height: 120px;
background: #CCC;
}
.inner-container {
display: table-cell;
vertical-align: middle;
text-align: center;
}
.centered-content {
display: inline-block;
background: #FFF;
padding: 20px;
border: 1px solid #000;
}
<div class="outer-container">
<div class="inner-container">
<div class="centered-content">
Center this!
</div>
</div>
</div>
See also this Fiddle!
Flexbox
display: flex behaves like a block element and lays out its content according to the flexbox model. It works with justify-content: center.
Please note: Flexbox is compatible all browsers exept Internet Explorer. See display: flex not working on Internet Explorer for a complete and up to date list of browsers compatibility.
#inner {
display: inline-block;
}
#outer {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
Text-align: center
Applying text-align: center the inline contents are centered within the line box. However since the inner div has by default width: 100% you have to set a specific width or use one of the following:
display: block
display: inline
display: inline-block
#inner {
display: inline-block;
}
#outer {
text-align: center;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
Margin: 0 auto
Using margin: 0 auto is another option and it is more suitable for older browsers compatibility. It works together with display: table.
#inner {
display: table;
margin: 0 auto;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
Transform
transform: translate lets you modify the coordinate space of the CSS visual formatting model. Using it, elements can be translated, rotated, scaled, and skewed. To center horizontally it require position: absolute and left: 50%.
#inner {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, 0%);
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</div>
<center> (Deprecated)
The tag <center> is the HTML alternative to text-align: center. It works on older browsers and most of the new ones but it is not considered a good practice since this feature is obsolete and has been removed from the Web standards.
#inner {
display: inline-block;
}
<div id="outer">
<center>
<div id="inner">Foo foo</div>
</center>
</div>
This method also works just fine:
div.container {
display: flex;
justify-content: center; /* For horizontal alignment */
align-items: center; /* For vertical alignment */
}
For the inner <div>, the only condition is that its height and width must not be larger than the ones of its container.
The easiest way:
#outer {
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
#inner {
margin: auto;
width: 200px;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">Blabla</div>
</div>
Flex have more than 97% browser support coverage and might be the best way to solve these kind of problems within few lines:
#outer {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
If width of the content is unknown you can use the following method. Suppose we have these two elements:
.outer -- full width
.inner -- no width set (but a max-width could be specified)
Suppose the computed width of the elements are 1000 pixels and 300 pixels respectively. Proceed as follows:
Wrap .inner inside .center-helper
Make .center-helper an inline block; it becomes the same size as .inner making it 300 pixels wide.
Push .center-helper 50% right relative to its parent; this places its left at 500 pixels wrt. outer.
Push .inner 50% left relative to its parent; this places its left at -150 pixels wrt. center helper which means its left is at 500 - 150 = 350 pixels wrt. outer.
Set overflow on .outer to hidden to prevent horizontal scrollbar.
Demo:
body {
font: medium sans-serif;
}
.outer {
overflow: hidden;
background-color: papayawhip;
}
.center-helper {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
left: 50%;
background-color: burlywood;
}
.inner {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
left: -50%;
background-color: wheat;
}
<div class="outer">
<div class="center-helper">
<div class="inner">
<h1>A div with no defined width</h1>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.<br>
Duis condimentum sem non turpis consectetur blandit.<br>
Donec dictum risus id orci ornare tempor.<br>
Proin pharetra augue a lorem elementum molestie.<br>
Nunc nec justo sit amet nisi tempor viverra sit amet a ipsum.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
You can do something like this
#container {
display: table;
width: <width of your container>;
height: <height of your container>;
}
#inner {
width: <width of your center div>;
display: table-cell;
margin: 0 auto;
text-align: center;
vertical-align: middle;
}
This will also align the #inner vertically. If you don't want to, remove the display and vertical-align properties;
Here is what you want in the shortest way.
JSFIDDLE
#outer {
margin - top: 100 px;
height: 500 px; /* you can set whatever you want */
border: 1 px solid# ccc;
}
#inner {
border: 1 px solid# f00;
position: relative;
top: 50 % ;
transform: translateY(-50 % );
}
You can use display: flex for your outer div and to horizontally center you have to add justify-content: center
#outer{
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
or you can visit w3schools - CSS flex Property for more ideas.
Well, I managed to find a solution that maybe will fit all situations, but uses JavaScript:
Here's the structure:
<div class="container">
<div class="content">Your content goes here!</div>
<div class="content">Your content goes here!</div>
<div class="content">Your content goes here!</div>
</div>
And here's the JavaScript snippet:
$(document).ready(function() {
$('.container .content').each( function() {
container = $(this).closest('.container');
content = $(this);
containerHeight = container.height();
contentHeight = content.height();
margin = (containerHeight - contentHeight) / 2;
content.css('margin-top', margin);
})
});
If you want to use it in a responsive approach, you can add the following:
$(window).resize(function() {
$('.container .content').each( function() {
container = $(this).closest('.container');
content = $(this);
containerHeight = container.height();
contentHeight = content.height();
margin = (containerHeight - contentHeight) / 2;
content.css('margin-top', margin);
})
});
One option existed that I found:
Everybody says to use:
margin: auto 0;
But there is another option. Set this property for the parent div. It
works perfectly anytime:
text-align: center;
And see, child go center.
And finally CSS for you:
#outer{
text-align: center;
display: block; /* Or inline-block - base on your need */
}
#inner
{
position: relative;
margin: 0 auto; /* It is good to be */
}
I made box and I set line-height, the text is automatically vertically center. Is there a way or any kind of trick to set the text on the bottom of the box?
div {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: #eee;
color: #333;
text-align: center;
line-height: 100px;
vertical-align: text-bottom;
}
<div>FoxRox</div>
2020 Update
You can use CSS grid, flexbox or the original method with line-height:
body { display: flex } /* just to prettify */
div {
margin: .5em;
width: 6.25em; height: 6.25em;
background: #eee;
color: #333;
text-align: center
}
.grid {
display: grid;
align-content: end;
}
.flex {
display: flex;
align-items: flex-end;
justify-content: center
}
.lh { line-height: 11.5 /* 6.25*2 - 1.5 */ }
<div class='grid'>Hello</div>
<div class='flex'>Hello</div>
<div class='lh'>Hello</div>
Setting the height of the div and the line-height of the text to the same value, 100px in your case, is a method of vertically centering the text within the div. That's the problem.
The solution is to change line-height to twice the height minus the size of the text and remove useless vertical-align.
Enclose the text in a p tag with display:inline-block. Set vertical-align to the p element.
<div>
<p>FoxRox</p>
</div>
div {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: #eee;
color: #333;
text-align: center;
}
p {
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: -80px;
}
Demo
You could set display to table-cell, try this CSS for example.
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
display: table-cell;
vertical-align: bottom;
Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/Kawwr/
You could check out my answer to https://stackoverflow.com/a/6116514/682480.
Here is the demo for the above answer.
The trick is to use display: table-cell on the outer container. That way you can use the vertical-align: bottom and display: inline-block; on the div.