I know how to change R markdown style with a custom css file. However, when the changes are minor, I prefer internal or even inline css, to save trouble from managing two files. I googled and haven't find a solution for this. Below is a simple example of changing style with an external css file. Is there a way to do it with internal or inline css?
The R markdown file:
---
title: "test"
output:
html_document:
css: test.css
---
## Header 1 {#header1}
But how to change style with internal css?
The test.css file:
#header1 {
color: red;
}
Markdown accepts raw HTML and passes it through unaltered, so define your "styled" elements as HTML:
<h2 style="color: red;">Header 1</h2>
Of course, some tools don't actually allow the raw HTML to be passed through (for security reasons or because the final output is not HTML), so your mileage may vary.
Depending on the Markdown implementation you are using, you may be able to define styles in the attribute list (if it supports arbitrary keys):
## Header 1 {style="color: red;"}
However, that is the least likely to work.
And remember, HTML <style> tags do not need to be in the document <head> to work. If you can use raw HTML, you can include a <style> element in the body of your document (as pointed out by #user5219763 in a comment):
---
title: "test"
output:
html_document
---
<style>
#header1 {
color: red;
}
</style>
## Header 1 {#header1}
But how to change style with internal css?
If you don't want to create an external .css file, but would like to define several styles and would rather keep your code less crowded, another possibility is to use a css chunk at the beginning of your R markdown:
---
title: "test"
output: html_document
---
```{css, echo = FALSE}
#header1 {
color: red;
}
```
## Header 1 {#header1}
In the css chunk, you can control multiple styles, as you would do in an external .css file.
Another, sort of hacky option is to specify a css file in the script, then create it in the first chunk.
e.g. the first 18 lines of your .Rmd file:
---
title: "Something Important"
output:
html_document:
css: mystyle.css
---
```{r b, echo=F}
writeLines("td, th { padding : 6px }
th { background-color : coral ;
color : white;
border : 1px solid white; }
td { color : black ;
border : 1px solid skyblue }
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, p { font-family: consolas; ",
con = "mystyle.css")
```
In the above, I first reference the file mystyle.css in the header block of markdown. Then, I create the file using writeLines(), and save it to the file specified with con = ....
Personally, I think the best option is to just throw your code in between some <script></script> tags if it's a one-off R script.
However, if you do want to create an external file, but don't want to edit a separate file, the above method provides a workaround. It just feels odd.
Related
I would like to apply a style to Quarto chunk output.
The first thing I made was to embed some CSS properties in a class .output in the Quarto document and then referenced it with :
```{r class.output="output"}
```
It worked, but I think it's not very efficient because I have to write it within each doc.
So I wrote a class .output with some CSS properties in a custom.scss file, but now
```{r class.output="output"}
```
doesn't work.
So where and how have I to declare it?
Many thanks!
Using a CSS style file to define CSS properties for quarto chunk output should suffice unless you want to build a custom theme (and in that case, you should use SCSS)
So write the CSS properties for a class selector in a styles.css file and use css YAML key to refer to this styles.css from a quarto document file.
style.css
.output {
color: green;
background-color: black;
}
quarto-doc.qmd
---
title: "Output-style"
format:
html:
css: styles.css
---
```{r}
#| class-output: output
x = "hello quarto"
print(x)
1 + 1
```
You can add options to executable code like this
```{r}
#| class-output: output
2 * 2
```
Now for the case of SCSS, to refer to a scss file, you need to use theme yaml key instead of css.
custom_style.scss
/*-- scss:rules --*/
.output {
color: green;
background-color: black;
}
quarto-doc.qmd
---
title: "Output-style"
format:
html:
theme: output_style.scss
---
```{r}
#| class-output: output
x = "hello quarto"
print(x)
1 + 1
```
And the output is similar as the above.
Is there a way to change the font and color in the YAML title in a R markdown flexdashboard?
Here is the code for the YAML header I am trying to change:
---
title: "Greenhouse gases and weather data"
fontsize: 30
output:
flexdashboard::flex_dashboard:
orientation: rows
vertical_layout: fill
social: menu
source_code: embed
theme: readable
---
The other option would be to add a CSS code chunk anywhere in the dashboard
```{css}
body > div.navbar.navbar-inverse.navbar-fixed-top > div > div.navbar-header > span.navbar-brand {
font-size: 26px;
color: red;
}
```
as Kat said, the color is set by CSS , therefore you can change the behaviour in the .rmd file itself, or in the underlying theme template .css file.
somewhere located at:
/home/user/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/4.0/flexdashboard/rmarkdown/templates/flex_dashboard/resources
add (to the rmd) or look for and change (the .css) to :
<style>
.navbar {
background-color:white;
border-color:blue;
}
.navbar-brand {
color:blue!important;
}
</style>
This will revert the default color scheme of the top navbar
at the moment i dont know a simple YAML - argument solution for this
( but looking into css will gain you much more
versatility along the way, than relying on the YAML options)
I am using rmarkdown to generate an HTML report. I am on a restricted machine, can't install tex. So, I was trying to generate an HTML document and then convert/print it to a pdf. The example markdown document is:
---
title: "trials"
author: "Foo Bar"
date: "15 December 2016"
output: html_document
---
```{r setup, include=FALSE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
```
```{r cars, echo=FALSE, cache=FALSE, message=FALSE}
library(dplyr, quietly = TRUE)
library(abind, quietly = TRUE)
virginica <- iris %>% filter(Species == "virginica") %>% head() %>% select(-Species)
setosa <- iris %>% filter(Species == "setosa") %>% head() %>% select(-Species)
diff_mat <- virginica - setosa
diff_mat[diff_mat<0] <- '<font color="green">⇓ </font>'
diff_mat[diff_mat>0] <- '<font color="red">⇑ </font>'
diff_mat[diff_mat == 0] <- '<font color="blue">⇔ </font>'
datArray <- abind::abind(virginica, diff_mat, along=3)
fin_dat <- apply(datArray,1:2, function(x)paste(x[1],x[2], sep = " "))
knitr::kable(fin_dat, format = "html",
escape = FALSE, table.attr = "border=1",
caption = "Changes across species")
```
I can't knit to word either as the formatting is lost as discussed in HTML formatted tables in rmarkdown word document. The HTML produced is exactly what I wanted. HTML to word using save as in word works mostly fine with some issues and I can print pdf but it is not as good as directly printed from pdf.
when I try to save it as pdf in chrome the colour is lost.
There is no issues in print options
Other pages such as this question in our beloved site Replace NA's using data from Multiple Columns prints fine
Do you have any pointers where I am missing a point or where the issue is.
Add this right after the YAML header:
<style>
#media print {
font[color="green"] {
color: #00ff00!important;
-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;
}
font[color="red"] {
color: #ff0000!important;
-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;
}
}
</style>
The problem is that RStudio's default R markdown templates use Bootstrap and their version of bootstrap.min.css has:
#media print {
*,
*:before,
*:after {
color: #000 !important;
text-shadow: none !important;
background: transparent !important;
-webkit-box-shadow: none !important;
box-shadow: none !important;
}
in it. That's a pretty "destructive" media query as the *'s cause those settings to be applied to all tags and color: #000 !important; means "no color for YOU!" when you print a document. I grok the sentiment behind that (saving the planet + toner/ink costs) but if you're printing to PDF it makes no sense whatsoever.
Unfortunately, there are no hyper-targeted media queries for printing to PDF, so the generic "print" ones get applied when you print web pages to PDFs and these mindless, catch-all media queries take over.
The problem for you is that you'll need to be very specific in targeting any other tags to override these settings. Which means adding your own CSS classes to anything you generate in Rmds or getting cozy with "Inspect Element" until you catch'em all.
However, if you're feeling adventurous you can modify the YAML header to be:
output:
html_document:
self_contained: false
When you render to HTML it'll create a directory with subdirectories for the various components vs base64-encode them into one big document.
I named my document forso.Rmd which means it made a directory called forso_files and put subdirs under it.
Open up the main HTML file and scroll down until you see something like:
<script src="forso_files/jquery-1.11.3/jquery.min.js"></script>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<link href="forso_files/bootstrap-3.3.5/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<script src="forso_files/bootstrap-3.3.5/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="forso_files/bootstrap-3.3.5/shim/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="forso_files/bootstrap-3.3.5/shim/respond.min.js"></script>
<script src="forso_files/navigation-1.1/tabsets.js"></script>
Change this:
<link href="forso_files/bootstrap-3.3.5/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
to:
<link href="forso_files/bootstrap-3.3.5/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet" />
Edit bootstrap.css, remove the color: #000 !important; line and add the -webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; line. SAVE A COPY OF bootstrap.css ELSEWHERE as it'll get squashed on future renders (i.e. you'll need to copy it back on every render).
You can't just link to a separate CSS file with a less brain dead print media query since the color: #000 !important; impacts all tags thanks to the * target and you can't just reset it to initial or inherit` because that will just turn them black as well.
Your final (and probably best) option is to make your own R Markdown template (see https://github.com/hrbrmstr/markdowntemplates for more info) and avoid placing over-arching print media queries in it.
I have an RMarkdown document outputting to HTML of the same form as the below example. What do I add where to apply unique CSS ids or classes to each plot output?
---
title: "RMarkdown"
author: "Me"
date: "Friday, March 27, 2015"
output:
html_document:
theme: null
css: style.css
---
```{r plot1, echo=FALSE, warning=FALSE, message=FALSE}
library(ggplot2)
x <- ggplot(some_r_code)
print(x)
```
```{r plot2, echo=FALSE, warning=FALSE, message=FALSE}
y <- ggplot(some_more_r_code)
print(y)
```
I've read the info page at http://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/html_document_format.html that went a ways to answering this question but didn't get me there. I have a similar question referencing the material in that page in it's comment section, and would appreciate an answer on either.
Thanks!
You can tell knitr (which is used under the hood) with results="asis" to embed a chunk's output directly into the html. Within the chunk you can use cat to simply write a style tag including your css definitions:
```{r results="asis"}
cat("
<style>
h1 {
color: red;
}
</style>
")
```
See http://yihui.name/knitr/options/#chunk_options for details.
Declaring custom css in RMarkdown
Add css between <style> and </style> tags in the regular body of the RMarkdown (i.e. not in R code area), like so:
<style>
.pad {
padding-top: 200px;
}
</style>
# This heading will be padded {.pad}
Another option is to declare css: "style.css" in yaml and store styles in a separate file (style sheet) in the same directory
Or css can be generated and applied via R code (excellent example here)
Open the resultant HTML in a browser with a Developer Tools option and look at the generated HTML. Then apply you styling to the appropriate tags/classes. For example, put the following into style.css, knit the file and you should see a red border on the plots:
img {
background-color: red;
padding: 2px;
border: 1px solid red;
border-radius: 3px;
margin: 0 5px;
max-width: 100%;
}
I want to change the default style sheet for the KnitHTML function in RStudio 0.96.331.
I follow the instructions in this post.
First I copy past the original markdown.css from here . As a test I change the first few lines from:
body, td {
font-family: sans-serif;
background-color: white;
font-size: 12px;
margin: 8px;
}
to red background
body, td {
font-family: sans-serif;
background-color: red;
font-size: 12px;
margin: 8px;
}
and save it as mymd.css in my working directory. I then create a style.R file as follows:
options(rstudio.markdownToHTML =
function(inputFile, outputFile) {
require(markdown)
markdownToHTML(inputFile, outputFile, stylesheet='mymd.css')
}
)
Finally, I source the style.R file by clicking source and then go back to the .Rmd file and knit it to HTML. I get the red background, but the math is not compiled e.g. $\alpha$
AFAIK，MathJax service was down yesterday due to the GoDaddy outage. Can you confirm the math problem was not due to that?
So I may have a work around for you, but it involves using pandoc:
Suppose your style sheet is called style.css
Source the following code:
options(rstudio.markdownToHTML = function(inputFile, outputFile) {
system(paste("pandoc -c style.css", shQuote(inputFile),
"-o", shQuote(outputFile)))
}
)
This is maybe a new feature that was not available at the time the question was asked. However, there is a simple solution I found here:
https://bookdown.org/yihui/rmarkdown/html-document.html#appearance-and-style
In the preamble of your .Rmd, just write this:
---
title: "Your title"
output:
html_document:
css: yourstylefile.css
---