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Disable underline for lowercase characters: g q p j y?
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Closed 7 years ago.
I need to achieve the following layout, specifically the effect where the bottom blue line intersects the 'p', and the line 'break's around it:
http://imgur.com/tyuXXRE
The current HTML is simply:
<h2>
An unmatched fishing & boating
<span class="thick">experience</span>
</h2>
The requirements are:
Needs to be dynamic, if the text is changed and another letter intersects the line, then the same effect is required, where the blue line breaks around the text.
Has to be cross browser compatible with current versions of major browsers.
Has to be responsive. The width of the line will change at different resolutions.
What I've tried:
I first looked into the -webkit-text-stroke property, since I'm basically simulating a Photoshop stroke. Aside from the fact that it's only webkit compatible, it seems to create the stroke inwards rather than from the outside, so that won't work. Maybe I'm missing something with this property though.
I also tried text-shadow, but as it doesn't support spread like box-shadow, I can't achieve a hard line. I tried stacking multiple text-shadows, but it doesn't achieve the intended effect.
Maybe there is a way to do with it :before / :after pseudo-elements? Or am I just blanking on an easier approach?
A pretty cool challenge.
My solution is text-shadow based. So you need to change it and adjust it to your liking. i.e. How much you want your letters to cut out of the line.
So depending on your font type and size you will need to change text-shadow size. Also you can also stack more shadows on top of another if you want to make line cut bigger.
https://jsfiddle.net/1to5e8gL/
<h2>
An unmatched fishing & boating <br>
<span class="thick">experqiyencje</span>
</h2>
h2 {
background: #00008B;
color: #FFF;
font-family: sans-serif;
padding: 1em;
}
.thick {
font-size: 60px;
text-shadow: 8px 2px #00008B , -8px -2px #00008B;
}
span:after {
content: '';
width: 100%;
border-bottom: 3px solid #FFA500;
display: block;
margin-top: -7px;
}
Related
I have this code:
<p style="line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;">blah_blah</p>
<p>blah_blah</p>
<p style="line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;">qypj;,</p>
<p>qypj;,</p>
which results in (notice no underscore, and cut characters):
That is, it behaves that way in Firefox (66.0.3 on Windows 10). Other browsers seem to render the underscore. The above snippet runner also seems to work (even in Firefox), unless you run it in "Full page".
This Q is similar to Text changes height after adding unicode character except there are no tricks here. "_" is just a simple ASCII character.
My question is which behavior is the correct one.
Is specific character allowed to change line height (I thought it was only supposed to be font dependent)? Shouldn't line-height: 1 imply it can fit exactly any text?
I suppose some characters are special, such as "p", "g", "j" (and possibly "_") that draw below its line. Still which behavior is the correct one. Is it considered overflow or not?
PS: Furthermore I find it funny either overflow-x: hidden;overflow-y: visible; and overflow-x: visible;overflow-y: hidden; still causes this. Which seems more like an actual bug to me.
My question is which behavior is the correct one.
All of them are correct because we don't have the same default font in all browsers and it's also different depending on the OS.
Is specific character allowed to change line height (I thought it was only supposed to be font dependent)?
Character doesn't change line-height. To be more accurate, line-height is a property that can only be changed by setting line-height but you are probably confusing with the line box that is defined by the line-height and a character alone cannot change it.
Shouldn't line-height: 1 imply it can fit exactly any text?
Not necessarely, line-height:1 means that the line box will be equal to the 1xfont-size 1 but is the font designed to include all the character inside this space? Probably most of them will do but we don't know.
Basically, you have two things to consider. The content area that is defined by the font properties and the line box that is defined by the line-height. We have no control over the first one and we can only control the second one.
Here is a basic example to illustrate:
span {
background:red;
color:#fff;
font-size:20px;
font-family:monospace;
}
body {
margin:10px 0;
border-top:1px solid;
border-bottom:1px solid;
animation:change 2s linear infinite alternate;
}
#keyframes change {
from {
line-height:0.2
}
to {
line-height:2
}
}
<span >
blah_blah
</span>
The red is our content area and its height is defined by the font properties and if you inspect the element you will see it has a height equal to 23px (not 20px like the font-size) and the borders define our line box that we control using the line-height.
So if the line-height is equal to 1 we will have a line box equal to 20px which is not enough to contain the 23px of the content area thus it will get truncated and we may probably hide some characters (or a part of them) which is logical:
span {
background: red;
color: #fff;
font-size: 20px;
font-family: monospace;
}
body {
margin: 5px;
line-height: 1;
overflow:hidden;
}
html {
overflow:auto;
}
<span>
blah_blah ÂÄ j p
</span>
a different font-size will remove the underscore in Firefox:
span {
background: red;
color: #fff;
font-size: 26px;
font-family: monospace;
}
body {
margin: 5px;
line-height: 1;
overflow:hidden;
}
html {
overflow:auto;
}
<span>
blah_blah ÂÄ j p
</span>
Another example with a Google Font where the result should be the same cross browser. The underscore is visible but not the ^/¨
span {
background: red;
color: #fff;
font-size: 26px;
font-family: 'Gugi', cursive;
}
body {
margin: 5px;
line-height: 1;
overflow:hidden;
}
html {
overflow:auto;
}
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Gugi" rel="stylesheet">
<span>
blah_blah ÂÄ j p
</span>
Another example where the underscore is not visible:
span {
background: red;
color: #fff;
font-size: 27px;
font-family: 'PT Sans', sans-serif;
}
body {
margin: 5px;
line-height: 1;
overflow:hidden;
}
html {
overflow:auto;
}
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Sans" rel="stylesheet">
<span>
blah_blah ÂÄ j p
</span>
You can clearly see that we have a different overflow everytime we use a different font which confirms that this is font related. We have no control over it unless we know how the font is designed.
Related questions:
Understanding CSS2.1 specification regarding height on inline-level boxes
Why is there space between line boxes, not due to half leading?
Line height issue with inline-block elements
Here is a good article to get more accurate details and calculation: https://iamvdo.me/en/blog/css-font-metrics-line-height-and-vertical-align
A quote from this article:
It becomes obvious that setting line-height: 1 is a bad practice. I remind you that unitless values are font-size relative, not content-area relative, and dealing with a virtual-area smaller than the content-area is the origin of many of our problems.
1 : I considered a simplified explanation but in reality the calculation of the line box is not only relate to the line-height property.
The default line-height (depending on the font-family) when not otherwise specified is about 1.2 in most browsers. This includes Firefox.
This would explain why the underscore did not show in FireFox when the line-height was set to 1 - the bottom was of the line was cut off. So I don't think it's entirely to do with the font (although this does contribute), but also browser defaults.
Some font-sizes are bigger than other even at seemingly the "same" font size (as I'm sure you've seen when typing documents in e.g. Georgia vs Times new Roman/Baskerville ; so you wouldn't be guaranteed that text would always show on a specified line height of 1 (or 1.2). There are ways of measuring a font in pixels however
Hope this helps
If I use the browser tools in Firefox to inspect my snippet below, there is no height difference between the lines with and without underscore. The only difference is caused by the line-height setting: 16px with line-height: 1, 19.2 px with the browser's default line-height. So the underscore doesn't make a difference here (Firefox 66.0.3 on Mac), and it is visible in both cases.
Note that I set margins to 0 to see the "pure" line-height without distances between the lines. Also, I didn't specify a font-familiy setting, so the default font of the browser for p tags is used.
The only reason for what you describe which I can think of is a font with very particular dimensions/settings, where the descenders (i.e. the parts of letters like p q j which extend below the baseline) are not inside the line-height as defined by the font.
After a bunch of comments back and forth: I suppose it could be caused by the different default (system) fonts on Windows and Mac. Still a bug, I would say (if you are using the default font).
html,
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
p {
background: #fb6;
margin: 0px;
}
<p style="line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;">blah_plah</p>
<p style="line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;">blah plah</p>
<p>blah_plah</p>
<p>blah plah</p>
Ive been handed a design that has a particular header with style the type knocking out a rule like:
------ Text Content ------
Ive done this a couple times over the years but i was never happy with my solution. Usually it involved using numerous elements. Since these are headers id like to keep the markup as lean as possible.
My first thought this time around was to use box collapsing to my advantage: http://jsfiddle.net/cEcCL/
However there a are few problems here:
This relies on setting the background of the span to something opaque in order to knockout the line. Problem is most of these will probably be in the upper portion of the page where the gradient background hasnt yet faded to its solid
Actually i wasnt aware of this till i made the fiddle - the text seems slightly off center, not sure why that is.
While it can probably be managed, Im worried about the robustness of the vertical offsets to center the line on the median of the text line-box.. What if i have long header that goes to 2 lines?
Does anyone have any other ideas?
Here's a very quick example that uses a single h2 and the before/after pseudo elements.
h2:before, h2:after {
content:' '; display:inline-block;
height:0; width:100px;
border-top:1px solid black;
vertical-align:middle;
margin:0 1em
}
Obviously, there are some drawbacks:
No IE6/7 support
As it stands, you have to explicitly declare a width for the lines (but you might be able to mess with this)
Doesn't handle multiple lines too well, but again, you might be able to edit the h2 styles to make this work a little better
While not a perfect solution (I feel your pain here, this is a tough one), sometimes you can use background-attachment:fixed to remedy the background issue using the <span> technique if you are using a background image:
Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/cEcCL/3/
<h2><span>Text Content</span></h2>
h2 span,
body{ /* Apply to h2 span and whatever the parent element is */
background:url(background.gif) fixed;
}
h2 {
line-height: 10px;
font-size: 18px;
text-align: center;
padding: 5px 0;
}
h2:after{
content:" ";
float:left;
border-bottom: 1px solid #000;
width:100%;
height:10px;
margin-top:-15px;
}
Of course this only works if the parent element can have a fixed background image, and won't work with CSS3 gradient backgrounds. It's a limited-use idea, but I just thought I'd bring it to light.
It seems only <legend> tags have this behavior, and I know of no way to emulate that with CSS, and I don't think you don't want to start using <legends> for headings...
I inherited a site that I'm working on finishing and there is this style applied to tags inside my footer (forgive me if I don't give enough info, just let me know and I'll put it up). The style puts a subtle background color around the header text and rounds the corners a bit:
h4 {
background: none repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(32, 37, 41, 0.3);
border-radius: 8px 8px 8px 8px;
color: #5CB414;
font-size: 26px;
font-weight: bold;
margin-bottom: 20px;
padding: 12px 0 8px 10px;
position: relative;
}
This works great in Chrome and FF but in IE8 it doesn't work. And in IE8 it doesn't float the columns next to each other. Here is the site. Scroll down to the bottom to see the issues (should be 3 columns but in IE it is only 2 and there is no background style applied to the H4.
I know IE is finicky, but I don't know what to do about it. Any help will be greatly appreciated. Thanks!
as far as losing the 3 columns at the bottom simple replace the ".col" width:300px to width:292px; It's just barely too big.
Also with the rounded corners being crossbrowser compatible I like to get my styles from here: http://css3please.com/
I do not know that rounded corners will work in ie8 or less so you might try doing it with jquery instead of css3
http://jquery.malsup.com/corner/
Versions of IE prior to 9 don't support RGBA or border radius, so these are simply being ignored. You can try the cross-browser syntax at http://css3please.com, but this won't give you rounded corners in versions of IE prior to 9.
Your column float issue stems from the use of an nth-child selector on line 1454 of your style.css:
.col:nth-child(3) { margin-right: 0; }
Again, IE8 and lower don't support this so you'll have to find a work around. You can add a class of "last" to the third column, and place this in your stylesheet:
col.last { margin-right: 0 !important; }
What is the difference to use {text-decoration: underline} and {border-bottom: ...}?
which is easy to style and cross browser compatible?
when we should use border-bottom over text-decoration: underline?
Would it be good to use border-bottom always in place of text-decoration: underline?
border-bottom puts a line at the bottom of the element box. text-decoration:underline renders the text underlined. The exact difference depends on the HTML and text layout engines in use, but in general if you want text underlined, then underline it.
Sorry to say this, but some answers here are misleading. Splitting a line of text does not place the border at the bottom of the entire block, because of the nature of inline blocks. Borders under links are actually more consistent across browsers than text-decoration: underline.
See: Text-Decoration vs. Border-Bottom
As Ignacio said, border-bottom will put the line at the bottom of the containing box, whereas text-decoration:underline will actually underline the text. This becomes an important distinction for multi-line strings.
I am a single line and will look similar for both methods
---------------------------------------------------------
would probably render the same for both styles, but you'll get the following for multi-line strings.
I am a string that has been
split and added a border-bottom
-------------------------------
I am a string that has been
---------------------------
split and underlined
--------------------
Apologies for using code formatting rather than properly rending these examples, but you can see the point I'm trying to make.
bottom-border lets you control the distance between the text and the underline, so its more versatile. And (as mentioned above) it allows a different color for the underline (although I don't see a reason why you'll want to do that).
text-decoration is more 'correct' because it is the 'real' CSS property meant for underlining text.
if you set text-decoration: underline for all links then you will have to set text-decoration: none for special links which you don't need an underline. but if you use border-bottom instead, you'll save one line of CSS code (provide you set text-decoration: none in your reset CSS.
so all in all, i'll vote for border-bottom if you have a complex layout with different styles for each link but text-decoration for a simple website coded 'by the book'.
While there are always going to be cases where one is more appropriate than the other, border-bottom offers much more precise control over text-decoration and is therefore probably the preferred method. Here's a quick (likely not exhaustive) list of properties that border-bottom can control/enable that text-decoration cannot:
Spacing between text and "underline"
"Underline" style (dotted, dashed, solid, gradient, image)
Thickness
CSS transitions/animations
Separation of color between text and "underline"
In many cases, most of these abilities will not be needed - but it is good to have them available! I've switched to using border-bottom primarily for the ability to put a few pixels of padding between the text and the underline; the next most common use I've found is divorcing the underline color from the text color.
With CSS variables now shipping in every major browser, a "reset" stylesheet might look something like this:
:root {
--link-color: blue;
--hover-color: purple;
--underline-color: var(--link-color);
}
a {
color: var(--link-color);
text-decoration: none;
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--underline-color);
}
a:hover {
color: var(--hover-color);
border-bottom-color: var(--hover-color);
}
This way, links will display as expected on a "default" basis, yet still allow for customization as needed.
setting your text to display inline (actually, it should be that by default) will cause the border-bottom to render much as a text-decoration rule.
however, i presume that you want to use this technique on links by doing the following:
/* my super eye catching dual colour link */
a {
color:black;
border-bottom:1px solid red;
}
which is all well and good, but you'll find that wherever you have an img tag inside a link, the image will have a red border under it.
if you can figure out a way to target the parent of a page element (the image) using existing selectors and no javascript, i'll buy you a beer but i don't think you'll have much luck.
using "text-decoration" avoids this issue altogether as an image is clearly not text, it will not render an underline when inside a link.
if you have complete control over your markup, i suppose you can bumble your way through by adding classes to every link, but if you're working with any popular CMS system, you're going to struggle with this idea.
Try this border with 1px image
a:hover {
background: url("img/bg-link-hover.png") repeat-x scroll 0px 92% transparent;
background-color: transparent;
background-image: url("img/bg-link-hover.png");
background-repeat: repeat-x;
background-attachment: scroll;
background-position: 0px 92%;
background-clip: border-box;
background-origin: padding-box;
background-size: auto auto;
}
I have something like this
<h1>
Home
</h1>
Very simple. IE, FF render it smoothly, underline works fine. Safari does this weird thing I've never seen before, it underlines "Home" only where the font serifs & curves DONT touch the underline, i.e. the letter "H" would get underline between the two "pillars" (sounds weird i know), and where those two touch the underline, the latter becomes much lighter in color (#eee vs #000).
UPDATE:
Apparently Safari's not rendering the link well when there's
text-shadow: 0px 2px 1px #fff;
Is there a particular reason for this?
The reason is because the text-shadow is rendered on the frontmost layer. If I were you I'd add a border-bottom to the h1 a element with no text underline.
h1 a {
text-decoration: none;
border-bottom: 1px solid blue;
}
Of course, replace blue with whatever colour your links are.
Edit: Realized that the shadow could be fixed with a span tag.
I think having a bit of space between the underline and the baseline when using the drop shadow looks better, but if you must have a text-decoration: underline you would have to add a span element to your markup:
<span>Home</span>
CSS:
h1 a span {
position: relative;
top: 0px;
z-index: -100;
}