I am needing a way to subset a large data set in Unix. I have > 50K SNP, each with the genetic variance they explain and a location (chromosome and position). I need to subset the SNP every 1 million base pairs (position) for each chromosome to create what we call 1Mb windows. I also need to name these windows, for instance CHR:WINDOW.
My data is structured as:
SNP CHR POS GenVar
BTB-00074935 1 157284336 2.306141e-06
BTB-01512420 8 72495155 1.958865e-06
Hapmap35555-SCAFFOLD20017_21254 18 29600313 1.876211e-06
BTB-01098205 3 68702409 1.222881e-06
ARS-BFGL-NGS-115531 11 74038177 9.597669e-07
ARS-BFGL-NGS-25658 2 119059379 7.953552e-07
BTB-00411452 20 47919708 6.827312e-07
ARS-BFGL-NGS-100532 18 63878550 6.115242e-07
Hapmap60823-rs29019235 1 10717144 5.400144e-07
ARS-BFGL-NGS-42256 10 50282066 4.864838e-07
.
.
.
A basic first try, assuming no spaces in any of the first fields (SNP), and that the "key" is (col2, first (length-6) digits of col3):
awk '{w=0+substr($3,1,length($3)-6); print >>sprintf("CHR%02d:WINDOW%03d",$2,w)}'
This prints to files named like CHR03:WINDOW456. If you only wanted something like 03:456 for filenames, edit out the CHR and WINDOW above.
Also note, subsequent runs will just keep expanding existing files, so you may need a rm *:* between runs.
Related
I have a very large csv file (1.4 million rows). It is supposed to have 22 fields and 21 commas in each row. It was created by taking quarterly text files and compiling them into one large text file so that I could import into SQL. In the past, one field was not in the file. I don't have the time to go row by row and check for this.
In R, is there a way to verify that each row has 22 fields or 21 commas? Below is a small sample data set. The possibly missing field is the 0 in the 10th slot.
32,01,01,01,01,01,000000,123,456,0,132,345,456,456,789,235,256,88,4,1,2,1
32,01,01,01,01,01,000001,123,456,0,132,345,456,456,789,235,256,88,5,1,2,1
you can use the base R function count.fields to do this:
count.fields(tmp, sep=",")
[1] 22 22
The input for this function is the name of a file or a connection. Below, I supplied a textConnection. For large files, you would probably want to feed this into table:
table(count.fields(tmp, sep=","))
Note that this can also be used to count the number of rows in a file using length, similar to the output of wc -l in the *nix OSs.
data
tmp <- textConnection(
"32,01,01,01,01,01,000000,123,456,0,132,345,456,456,789,235,256,88,4,1,2,1
32,01,01,01,01,01,000001,123,456,0,132,345,456,456,789,235,256,88,5,1,2,1"
)
Assuming df is your dataframe
apply(df, 1, length)
This will give you the length of each row.
I have a very large DAT file (16 GB). It contains some information of let's say, 1000 customers. This data is sorted like below that the first column is representing the customer IDs:
9909814 246766 0 31/07/2012 7:00 0.03 0 0 0 0
8211675 262537 0 8/04/2013 3:00 0.52 0 0 0 0
However, the data of customers are not stored in an organized way. So, I want to extract the data of each customer and store it in a separate file. (I have a file that contains the customer IDs. )
For just one customer, I wrote the following code that can search through the file and extract data. However, my problem is to how to do this for all the customers when I'm reading this big file into R.
con<-file('D:/CD_INTERVAL_READING.DAT')
open(con)
n=20
nk=100000
B=9909814 #customer ID for customer no.1
customer1 <- read.table(con, sep=",", nrow=1)
for (i in 1:n) {
conn <- read.table(con,sep=",",skip=(i-1)*nk, nrow=nk)
## extracts just those rows that belong to a specific customer ID
temp1 <-conn[conn$V1==B,]
customer1 <-rbind(customer1,temp1)
}
customer1 <- customer1 [-1,]
library(xlsx)
write.xlsx(customer1, "D:/customer1.xlsx")
The optimal solution would probably be to import the data into a proper database but if you really want to split the file into multiple files based on the first token then you can use awk with this one-liner.
awk '/^/ {ofn=$1 ".txt"} ofn {print > ofn}' filetosplit.txt
It works by
/^/ matching start of line
{ofn=$1 ".txt"} sets the ofn variable to the first word (split by white space) with .txt appended.
Print each line to the file set by ofn.
It takes me just under two minutes on my laptop to split a 1 GB file with the same format as you listed above into multiple text files. I have no idea how well that scales or if it's fast enough for you. If you want an R solution you can always wrap it into a system() call ;o)
Addendum:
Oh ... I'm guessing you are on windows based on the path you mentioned. Then you may need to install Cygwin to get awk.
I apologize in advance for the somewhat lack of reproducibility here. I am doing an analysis on a very large (for me) dataset. It is from the CMS Open Payments database.
There are four files I downloaded from that website, read into R using readr, then manipulated a bit to make them smaller (column removal), and then stuck them all together using rbind. I would like to write my pared down file out to an external hard drive so I don't have to read in all the data each time I want to work on it and doing the paring then. (Obviously, its all scripted but, it takes about 45 minutes to do this so I'd like to avoid it if possible.)
So I wrote out the data and read it in, but now I am getting different results. Below is about as close as I can get to a good example. The data is named sa_all. There is a column in the table for the source. It can only take on two values: gen or res. It is a column that is actually added as part of the analysis, not one that comes in the data.
table(sa_all$src)
gen res
14837291 822559
So I save the sa_all dataframe into a CSV file.
write.csv(sa_all, 'D:\\Open_Payments\\data\\written_files\\sa_all.csv',
row.names = FALSE)
Then I open it:
sa_all2 <- read_csv('D:\\Open_Payments\\data\\written_files\\sa_all.csv')
table(sa_all2$src)
g gen res
1 14837289 822559
I did receive the following parsing warnings.
Warning: 4 parsing failures.
row col expected actual
5454739 pmt_nature embedded null
7849361 src delimiter or quote 2
7849361 src embedded null
7849361 NA 28 columns 54 columns
Since I manually add the src column and it can only take on two values, I don't see how this could cause any parsing errors.
Has anyone had any similar problems using readr? Thank you.
Just to follow up on the comment:
write_csv(sa_all, 'D:\\Open_Payments\\data\\written_files\\sa_all.csv')
sa_all2a <- read_csv('D:\\Open_Payments\\data\\written_files\\sa_all.csv')
Warning: 83 parsing failures.
row col expected actual
1535657 drug2 embedded null
1535657 NA 28 columns 25 columns
1535748 drug1 embedded null
1535748 year an integer No
1535748 NA 28 columns 27 columns
Even more parsing errors and it looks like some columns are getting shuffled entirely:
table(sa_all2a$src)
100000000278 Allergan Inc. gen GlaxoSmithKline, LLC.
1 1 14837267 1
No res
1 822559
There are columns for manufacturer names and it looks like those are leaking into the src column when I use the write_csv function.
I searched, but I couldn't find a similar question, so I apologize if I may have missed it.
My problem is actually pretty simple. I have two lists, a large one and a smaller one.
The smaller one consists of the averages of the data in the large list (ten lines have
been aggregated to form the small list -> it has one tenth the size of the larger one). All I want now, is to add a new column in the large list (which is no problem) and showing the averages next
to the original data. I am aware that I will see the average ten times, but that's fine.
I tried to solve this "problem" with simple list comparisons, e.g. (the relevant averages, as well as the original data have identical identifiers in the first column):
Large_List$Average_column[ Large_List$identifier == Small_List$identifier ] <- Small_List$Average[ Large_List$identifier == Small_List$identifier ];
Yet for some reason, it doesn't work. Probably because the target vector is larger than the source vector. I really tried a lot, and the only thing that seems to work is a loop structure. But that is no option because my list is way too large... I am sure there must be a smart solution to this simple issue.
UPDATE & SPECIFICATION
Thank you for your suggestions. But it seems I need to be more specific. The problem is that in most, but not in all cases, the average is formed out of ten consecutive datapoints. It may occur that less is used because of holes in the sample. Therefore, a replication will unfortunately not do the job.
Here’s an example (1_Ident is the minute identifier, 10_Ident being the ten minute identifier) :
Original_List:
1_Ident | 10_Ident|Minute_value|
July1-0| July1-0d| 1
July1-2| July1-0d| 1
(..)
July1-10| July1-0d| 1
July1-11| July1-1d| 1
July1-12| July1-1d| 2
July1-21| July1-21| 3
July1-31| July1-31| 2
Resulting Small_list:
10_Ident|Minute_average|
July1-0d| 1
July1-1d| 1.5
July1-2d| 3
July1-3d| 2
Desired outcome:
Large_List:
1_Ident |10_Ident|Minute_value|Minute_average|
July1-0| July1-0d| 1 1
July1-2| July1-0d| 1 1
(..)
July1-10| July1-0d| 1 1
July1-11| July1-1d| 1 1.5
July1-12| July1-1d| 2 1.5
July1-21| July1-21| 3 3
July1-31| July1-31| 2 2
I think the main problem is that the Small_list$Minute_average vector is not the same size as the Large_list$Minute_value vector. As said, one could compare the two lists line by line, doing a loop, but the size of the tables is >1M lines, so that won't work.
What I want to do is basically the following:
1) Look in the Large_List$10_Ident and compare it Small_List$10_Ident
2) Where the values match, transfer the corresponding Small_List$Minute_average value to Large_List$Minute_average
Thanks!
You could use match or merge to do that but why not just calculate the averages off the groupings?
Large_List$Average_column <- ave(Large_List$col_to_be_avgd,
Large_List$group_var,
FUN=mean, na.rm=TRUE)
The merge code might look like
merge( Large_List, Small_List[c('identifier', "Average"], by='identifier' , all.x=TRUE)
I am new to R and my question should be trivial. I need to create a word cloud from a txt file containing the words and their occurrence number. For that purposes I am using the snippets package.
As it can be seen at the bottom of the link, first I have to create a vector (is that right that words is a vector?) like bellow.
> words <- c(apple=10, pie=14, orange=5, fruit=4)
My problem is to do the same thing but create the vector from a file which would contain words and their occurrence number. I would be very happy if you could give me some hints.
Moreover, to understand the format of the file to be inserted I write the vector words to a file.
> write(words, file="words.txt")
However, the file words.txt contains only the values but not the names(apple, pie etc.).
$ cat words.txt
10 14 5 4
Thanks.
words is a named vector, the distinction is important in the context of the cloud() function if I read the help correctly.
Write the data out correctly to a file:
write.table(words, file = "words.txt")
Create your word occurrence file like the txt file created. When you read it back in to R, you need to do a little manipulation:
> newWords <- read.table("words.txt", header = TRUE)
> newWords
x
apple 10
pie 14
orange 5
fruit 4
> words <- newWords[,1]
> names(words) <- rownames(newWords)
> words
apple pie orange fruit
10 14 5 4
What we are doing here is reading the file into newWords, the subsetting it to take the one and only column (variable), which we store in words. The last step is to take the row names from the file read in and apply them as the "names" on the words vector. We do the last step using the names() function.
Yes, 'vector' is the proper term.
EDIT:
A better method than write.table would be to use save() and load():
save(words. file="svwrd.rda")
load(file="svwrd.rda")
The save/load combo preserved all the structure rather than doing coercion. The write.table followed by names()<- is kind of a hassle as you can see in both Gavin's answer here and my answer on rhelp.
Initial answer:
Suggest you use as.data.frame to coerce to a dataframe an then write.table() to write to a file.
write.table(as.data.frame(words), file="savew.txt")
saved <- read.table(file="savew.txt")
saved
words
apple 10
pie 14
orange 5
fruit 4