How can I increase the space between the keys of the legend of ggplot2 plot?
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(aes(mpg, wt, colour = factor(cyl)),
, data = mtcars) +
geom_point() +
theme(legend.direction = "horizontal",
legend.position = "bottom") +
guides(color = guide_legend(nrow=2))
I am looking for a ggplot2 option that add a kind of vertical adjustment between (key 4 and key 6) in the plot above? Should I create a custom legend key?
PS: I want to increase the blank space between boxes not between labels.
the desired plot is :
NOTE: No the question is not duplicated of the other question. We want here to add a vertical spacing between items that are already in multiple rows. In the other question we have 1-row legend and we want to add spaces (horizontal) between items.
An alternative (and probably easier) solution is using legend.key and legend.key.size in the theme part of your code:
ggplot(data = mtcars, aes(mpg, wt, colour = factor(cyl))) +
geom_point() +
guides(color = guide_legend(nrow = 2)) +
theme(legend.direction = 'horizontal',
legend.position = 'bottom',
legend.key = element_rect(size = 5),
legend.key.size = unit(1.5, 'lines'))
this gives:
In case you are calling theme_bw or theme_classic before manipulating the legend, you should set the color of the legend rectangle:
legend.key = element_rect(size = 5, color = 'white') #or: color = NA
Here a solution using gtable. Basically I am extracting legend grobs table and I add a row in the legend table.
library(gtable)
library(grid)
## transform the ggplot to a grobs table
p_table <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(p))
## extract legend
leg <- which(sapply(p_table$grobs, function(x) x$name) == "guide-box")
## this is the tricky part !
## add a row in the second position (pos=2)
p_table$grobs[[leg]]$grobs[[1]] <-
gtable_add_rows(p_table$grobs[[leg]]$grobs[[1]],
unit(0.5, "line"), ## you can increase the height here
pos=2) ## since I have 2 rows , I insert it in the middle
plot(p_table)
PS: I dont' know here how to coerce the table to a plot again! maybe someone else can help here ( I am just plotting it and losing the object structure)
Related
This is a follow up problem to this question. The OP asked for a way to arrange parts of a plot in specific distances. I think teunbrand gave a very good answer.
My own suggestion (extract the legend with cowplot, and stitch them to a plot in desired proportions) is not fully satisfactory, because it worked only "by chance" in the given example - the legend labels were long enough to center the legend grob into the viewport for the third plot.
Having shorter labels reveals the problem - when adding a grob, patchwork centres this grob, basically padding equally to all sides.
My question is, do you know of a way to control this padding behaviour?
Cowplot (or any other ggplot combining package for that sake) also very welcome.
library(tidyverse)
library(patchwork)
data <- midwest %>%
head(5) %>%
select(2,23:25) %>%
pivot_longer(cols=2:4,names_to="Variable", values_to="Percent") %>%
mutate(Variable=factor(Variable,
levels=c("percbelowpoverty","percchildbelowpovert","percadultpoverty"),
labels = paste0("perc", 1:3)))
p1 <-
ggplot(data=data, mapping=aes(x=county, y=Percent, fill=Variable)) +
geom_col() +
scale_fill_manual(values = c("#CF232B","#942192","#000000")) +
theme(legend.background = element_rect(fill = "grey50"))
p_legend <- cowplot::get_legend(p1)
p_main <- p1 <-
ggplot(data=data, mapping=aes(x=county, y=Percent, fill=Variable)) +
geom_col(show.legend = FALSE) +
scale_fill_manual(values = c("#CF232B","#942192","#000000"))
p_main + plot_spacer() + p_legend +
plot_layout(widths = c(12.5, 1.5, 4)) &
theme(plot.margin = margin(),
plot.background = element_rect(colour = "black"))
Not so desired result - the legend grob (with grey background) should be aligned to the left plot border (black line)
Created on 2021-04-09 by the reprex package (v1.0.0)
As far as I get it the issue is not on patchworks side. Having a look at the layout of the legend's gtable we see that it is made up of 5 rows and 5 columns and that the legend is to be placed in the cell in the center:
p_legend <- cowplot::get_legend(p1)
p_legend
#> TableGrob (5 x 5) "guide-box": 2 grobs
#> z cells name
#> 99_a788e923bf245af3853cee162f5f8bc9 1 (3-3,3-3) guides
#> 0 (2-4,2-4) legend.box.background
#> grob
#> 99_a788e923bf245af3853cee162f5f8bc9 gtable[layout]
#> zeroGrob[NULL]
gtable::gtable_show_layout(p_legend)
Hence, when adding the legend patchwork centers is as demanded by the gtable layout.
One option to control the positioning or the padding of the legend would be to squash the first column via cowplot::gtable_squash_cols and if desired add some padding by adding a new column with the desired amount of padding via gtable::gtable_add_cols:
# Squash first column
p_legend <- cowplot::gtable_squash_cols(p_legend, 1)
# Add some padding by adding a new col
p_legend <- gtable::gtable_add_cols(p_legend, unit(.1, "cm"), pos = 1)
p_main <- p1 <-
ggplot(data=data, mapping=aes(x=county, y=Percent, fill=Variable)) +
geom_col(show.legend = FALSE) +
scale_fill_manual(values = c("#CF232B","#942192","#000000"))
p_main + plot_spacer() + p_legend +
plot_layout(widths = c(12.5, 1.5, 4)) &
theme(plot.margin = margin(),
plot.background = element_rect(colour = "black"))
After looking at various post and asking questions here i have been able to make a multi faceted pie chart. But i am facing a problem in tidying up the pie chart. Here are the things i am having troubles with:
How do i remove the facet labels from each row and only have one facet label on the top or bottom and left or right? How do i control how the facet label looks?
I have tried using facet_grid instead of facet_wrap and that removes the label from each row but still the labels are inside a box. I would like to remove the box which i donot seem to be able to do.
Centering the labels so that the values for each fraction of the pie is inside that pie-slice.
Some of my piechart have 8 to 10 values and they are not always inside there fraction. First i used geom_text_repel but that only helped me to repel the text. It didnt place the text inside each fraction. I also looked at this thread. I tried that by creating a new dataframe which has a position values and using that pos inside geom_text like so d<-c %>% group_by(Parameter)%>% mutate(pos= ave(Values, Zones, FUN = function(x) cumsum(x) - 0.5 * x)) and using the same code to make pie chart for d dataframe but it didnt quite work.
Grouping the values under certain level into one single "other" groups so the number of slices would be less
It would be ideal for me to be able to group the values with less than 1 % into one single group and call it "others" so that the number of slices are less. So far i have to completely ignore those values by c<-c[c$Values>1,] and using this newly created data frame.
Any suggestions/help regarding these issues would be helpful.
Following is the reproducible example of my current pie chart:
library(RColorBrewer)
library(ggrepel)
library(ggplot2)
library(tidyverse)
my_pal <- colorRampPalette(brewer.pal(9, "Set1"))
#### create new matrix ############
new_mat<-matrix(, nrow=40, ncol = 4)
colnames(new_mat)<-c("Zones", "ssoilcmb", "Erosion_t", "area..sq.m.")
for ( i in 1:nrow(new_mat)){
new_mat[i,4]<-as.numeric(sample(0:20, 1))
new_mat[i,3]<-as.numeric(sample(0:20, 1))
a<-sample(c("S2","S3","S4","S5","S1"),1)
b<-sample(c("Deep","Moderate","Shallow"),1)
new_mat[i,1]<-sample(c("High Precip","Moderate Precip","Low Precip"),1)
new_mat[i,2]<-paste0(a,"_",b)
}
m_dt<-as.data.frame(new_mat)
m_dt$Erosion_t<-as.numeric(m_dt$Erosion_t)
m_dt$area..sq.m.<-as.numeric(m_dt$area..sq.m.)
#### calculate parea
m_dt<- m_dt %>%
group_by(Zones)%>%
mutate(per_er=signif((`Erosion_t`/sum(`Erosion_t`))*100,3), per_area=signif((`area..sq.m.`/sum(`area..sq.m.`))*100,3))
## Rearranging data:
a<-data.frame(m_dt$Zones,m_dt$ssoilcmb, m_dt$per_er)
b<-data.frame(m_dt$Zones,m_dt$ssoilcmb, m_dt$per_area)
c<-data.frame(Zones=m_dt$Zones,ssoilcmb=m_dt$ssoilcmb,
Parameter=c(rep("Erosion",40),rep("Area",40)),
Values=c(m_dt$per_er,m_dt$per_area))
### New Plot ###
ggplot(c, aes(x="", y=Values, fill=ssoilcmb)) +
geom_bar(stat="identity", width=1, position = position_fill())+
coord_polar("y", start=0) +
facet_wrap(Zones~Parameter, nrow = 3) +
geom_text_repel(aes(label = paste0(Values, "%")), position = position_fill(vjust = 0.5))+
scale_fill_manual(values=my_pal(15)) +
labs(x = NULL, y = NULL, fill = NULL, title = "Erosions")+
theme_classic() + theme(axis.line = element_blank(),
axis.text = element_blank(),
axis.ticks = element_blank(),
plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5, color = "#666666"))
If you're open to alternatives, maybe a facet_wrapped barplot will suit your needs, e.g.
library(RColorBrewer)
library(ggrepel)
library(tidyverse)
my_pal <- colorRampPalette(brewer.pal(9, "Set1"))
#### create new matrix ############
new_mat<-matrix(nrow=40, ncol = 4)
colnames(new_mat)<-c("Zones", "ssoilcmb", "Erosion_t", "area..sq.m.")
for ( i in 1:nrow(new_mat)){
new_mat[i,4]<-as.numeric(sample(0:20, 1))
new_mat[i,3]<-as.numeric(sample(0:20, 1))
a<-sample(c("S2","S3","S4","S5","S1"),1)
b<-sample(c("Deep","Moderate","Shallow"),1)
new_mat[i,1]<-sample(c("High Precip","Moderate Precip","Low Precip"),1)
new_mat[i,2]<-paste0(a,"_",b)
}
m_dt<-as.data.frame(new_mat)
m_dt$Erosion_t<-as.numeric(m_dt$Erosion_t)
m_dt$area..sq.m.<-as.numeric(m_dt$area..sq.m.)
#### calculate parea
m_dt<- m_dt %>%
group_by(Zones)%>%
mutate(per_er=signif((`Erosion_t`/sum(`Erosion_t`))*100,3),
per_area=signif((`area..sq.m.`/sum(`area..sq.m.`))*100,3))
## Rearranging data:
a<-data.frame(m_dt$Zones,m_dt$ssoilcmb, m_dt$per_er)
b<-data.frame(m_dt$Zones,m_dt$ssoilcmb, m_dt$per_area)
c<-data.frame(Zones=m_dt$Zones,ssoilcmb=m_dt$ssoilcmb,
Parameter=c(rep("Erosion",40),rep("Area",40)),
Values=c(m_dt$per_er,m_dt$per_area))
### New Plot ###
c$Zones <- factor(c$Zones,levels(c$Zones)[c(2,3,1)])
ggplot(c, aes(x=ssoilcmb, y=Values, fill=ssoilcmb)) +
geom_col()+
facet_wrap(Zones~Parameter, nrow = 3) +
scale_fill_manual(values=my_pal(15)) +
labs(x = NULL, fill = NULL, title = "Erosions")+
theme_minimal() + theme(axis.line = element_blank(),
axis.ticks = element_blank(),
axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90,
hjust = 1,
vjust = 0.5),
plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5,
color = "#666666"))
I'm working with a plot analogous to the following:
ggplot(data=mtcars, aes(x=wt, y=mpg, color=carb)) +
geom_line() + facet_grid(gear ~ .) +
ggtitle(expression("Title")) +
labs(caption = "Sources: Compustat, Author's Calculations") +
theme(plot.title = element_text(size = 20, hjust = 0.5),
plot.caption=element_text(size=8, hjust=.5),
strip.background = element_blank(),
strip.text = element_blank(),
legend.title = element_blank())
I'm trying to do the following:
Insert a legend beneath each of the 3 facets, each legend specific to the facet above it.
Insert one plot title (as opposed to the same title above each facet).
Insert one caption beneath the final facet (as opposed to three captions beneath each facet).
I was able to reproduce this example on assigning a legend to each facet.
However, the plot title was placed above and the caption below each facet. Also, this example uses facet_wrap and not facet_grid.
Thank you in advance.
library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)
tempgg <- mtcars %>%
group_by(gear) %>%
do(gg = {ggplot(data=., aes(x=wt, y=mpg, color=carb)) +
geom_point() +
labs(x = NULL) +
guides(color = guide_colorbar(title.position = "left")) +
theme(plot.title = element_text(size = 20, hjust = 0.5),
plot.caption=element_text(size=8, hjust=.5),
legend.position = "bottom")})
tempgg$gg[1][[1]] <- tempgg$gg[1][[1]] + labs(title = "Top title")
tempgg$gg[3][[1]] <- tempgg$gg[3][[1]] + labs(x = "Axis label", caption = "Bottom caption")
tempgg %>% gridExtra::grid.arrange(grobs = .$gg)
This isn't the most elegant way to do it. Each of the three grobs gets an equal space when you grid.arrange them, so the first and last ones are squished from the title and caption taking up space. You could add something like heights = c(3,2,3) inside the grid.arrange call, but you'd have to fiddle with each of the heights to get it to look right, and even then it would be a visual approximation, not exact.
To do it the more precise way, you'd need to look at the underlying gtables in each of the grobs. https://stackoverflow.com/users/471093/baptiste is the expert on that.
Update:
I used a #baptiste solution, which is still not particularly elegant, but gives you the same plot space for each panel. Use this snippet in place of the last line above.
tempggt <- tempgg %>% do(ggt = ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(.$gg))) %>% .$ggt
gg1 <- tempggt[[1]]
gg2 <- tempggt[[2]]
gg3 <- tempggt[[3]]
gridExtra::grid.arrange(gridExtra::rbind.gtable(gg1, gg2, gg3))
Here is some example code, which provides a legend with 2 columns. I want to decrease the space between the two colums of the legend (see below).
library(ggplot2)
labels <- c(expression(""^13*CH[4]),
expression(""^13*CH[4]~"+"~SO[4]^{2-''}),
expression(""^13*CH[4]~"+"~MoO[4]^{2-''}))
ggplot(aes(mpg, wt, colour = factor(cyl), shape=factor(cyl)),
data = mtcars) +
geom_point() +
scale_colour_manual(values=c("red", "green", "blue"), label=labels)+
scale_shape_manual(values = c(4,5,6), label=labels)+
theme(legend.position = "bottom",
legend.text.align = 0,
legend.text = element_text(size=8),
legend.key.size = unit(0.8, 'lines')) +
guides(col = guide_legend("", ncol=2), shape=guide_legend("", col=2))
Here is my real life problem:
Additional space is needed on the right side of the plot, because the three factor levels there contain much more characters. However, i am really constrained in the plot size. Hence, I would like to decrease the space between the two rows of the legend.
I also would like to keep the most bottom factor level of the left hand side as is, without adding an extra line.
Based on your example, I simplified it a bit:
Create the problematic plot:
library(ggplot2)
labels <- c("short1", "loooooooooooooooooong", "short2")
plt <- ggplot(aes(mpg, wt, colour = factor(cyl), shape=factor(cyl)),
data = mtcars) +
geom_point() +
scale_colour_manual(values=c("red", "green", "blue"), label=labels)+
scale_shape_manual(values = c(4,5,6), label=labels)+
theme(legend.position = "bottom",
legend.text.align = 0,
legend.text = element_text(size=8),
legend.key.size = unit(0.8, 'lines')) +
guides(col = guide_legend("", ncol=2), shape=guide_legend("", col=2))
plot(plt)
Extract the legend and tweak it
I used this answer to extract the legend from the plot:
#Extract Legend
g_legend<-function(a.gplot){
tmp <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(a.gplot))
leg <- which(sapply(tmp$grobs, function(x) x$name) == "guide-box")
legend <- tmp$grobs[[leg]]
return(legend)}
legend <- g_legend(plt)
And print it:
grid.newpage()
grid.draw(legend)
Then I explored the grobs inside the legend and I found the widths field:
legend$grobs[[1]]$widths
[1] 0.2cm 0cm 0.1524cm 0.4064cm 0.0762cm 3.22791666666667cm 0.0762cm 0.4064cm 0.0762cm
[10] 0.79375cm 0.2cm
>
Apparently those 3.227 cm are too much so I just changed them:
legend$grobs[[1]]$widths[6] <- unit(1.5, "cm")
And plot it:
grid.newpage()
grid.draw(legend)
Apply the fix to the global plot:
The final steps are to replicate that on the ggplot:
Apply that same manual correction to the global plot:
# this is how the legend was extracted:
plt_gtable <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(plt))
leg <- which(sapply(plt_gtable$grobs, function(x) x$name) == "guide-box")
# Replace the legend with our modified legend:
plt_gtable$grobs[[leg]] <- legend
And replot:
grid.newpage()
grid.draw(plt_gtable)
I am creating a step plot using a self-defined function "stepPlot" which is working. I got stuck when I attempted to put a geom_text() inside this function. Interestingly, geom_text() works when it's not in the function. Can any one help me tweak the geom_text(). There are two parts: (1) "labelPosiX" is the horizontal position of the label text, and (2) geom_text() where is at the end of the function. "labelPosiY", the vertical position of the label, will be manually specified with a number. These two lines of codes have been inactivated. Thanks in advance
stepPlot <- function(Data,xVar, yVar, LegendTitle="", GroupLabels, Plottitle="",labelPosiY, labelText="A"
# plot specifications remain the same over data subsets. Ignore these setting when calling the function
GroupColour=c("black","blue","orange"), LineTypeGroup=c("solid","solid","solid"), LineSize=1,
LegendPosition=c(0.5,0.8),
YaxisTitle="", YAxisTitleSize=element_blank(),
XAxisText=element_text(size=20),AxisTextSize=15,LegendTitleSize=10, LegendTextSize=10,LegendKeySize=10,
PlotTitleSize=15
){
# define x limits (Xmin, Xmax), x break increments (BreakIncreX),level of breaks (GroupBreaks),horizontal position of label text (labelPosiX)
Xmin <- min(Data[xVar])-1
Xmax <- max(Data[xVar])+1
BreakIncreX <- round((Xmax-Xmin)/6)
GroupBreaks <-unique(Data$trt_label)
#labelPosiX <-min(Data[xVar])+2
# define y maximal limit (limitYMax),y break increments (BreakIncreY)
library(plyr)
limitYMax <- round_any(max(Data[yVar]), 100, f = ceiling)
BreakIncreY <- round_any(max(Data[yVar])/5, 100, f = ceiling)
# step plot
ggplot(Data, aes_string(x=xVar, y=yVar, group='trt_label'))+
geom_step(aes(colour=trt_label, linetype=trt_label), direction='hv',size= LineSize)+ #specify step curve from different group with colours, colour by default
scale_y_continuous(YaxisTitle, limits=c(0,limitYMax), expand=c(0,0), breaks=seq(0,limitYMax,by=BreakIncreY))+
scale_x_continuous("Age of adults in days", limits=c(Xmin, Xmax), expand=c(0,0), breaks=seq(Xmin,Xmax,by=BreakIncreX)) +
scale_colour_manual(name=LegendTitle,
breaks=GroupBreaks,
labels=GroupLabels,
values=GroupColour
)+ # change default colours to manually specified grey scale
scale_linetype_manual(name =LegendTitle,
breaks=GroupBreaks,
labels=GroupLabels,
values=LineTypeGroup
)+
guides(colour = guide_legend(LegendTitle), linetype = guide_legend(LegendTitle))+ # merge two legends into a single one
theme_bw() + # maek background theme black and white
theme(axis.title.x = element_blank(), #font size of x axis title
axis.title.y = YAxisTitleSize, #font size of y axis title
axis.text.x = XAxisText, #font size of x axis text
axis.text.y = element_text(size=AxisTextSize), #font size of y axis text
legend.position=LegendPosition,
legend.title=element_text(size=LegendTitleSize), #font size of legend title
legend.text = element_text(colour="black", size = LegendTextSize, face = "bold"), #font size of legend text
legend.key.size=unit(LegendKeySize,'points'), ## ben - added to shrink the legend
legend.background=element_blank(), ## ben - added to get rid of white background
panel.grid.major = element_line(size = 0.5, colour = '#FFFFFF'),
panel.grid.minor = element_line(colour = NA), # colour = NA to suppress gridlines, reappear if colour='black'
plot.title=element_text( face="bold", size=PlotTitleSize) # aduust plot title size
)+
ggtitle(Plottitle)
# add label text
**#+ geom_text(aes(labelPosiX, labelPosiY, label="test"), colour="black",size=5)** }
}
My old way to add text works but I am hoping to move the geom_text into the function.
source("C:/Now/R/Rfunction_stepPlot.R")
fig17b <-stepPlot(Data=df17b,xVar= "age", yVar='mean_cumSumDurLeftByBeeAge',
LegendTitle="Precocious topical",GroupLabels=c("acetone", "untreated", "methoprene"),
Plottitle="weighed hive"
)+
geom_text(aes((min(df17b$age)+2), 3700, label="A"), colour="black",size=5)
Here's one way you can pass the (x,y) positions of geom_text to a function:
In general, make it a part of the data frame that ggplot is plotting. (Using SimonO101's suggestion, here's how it works for mtcars.)
plotFunction <- function (df, labelPosiY) {
df$xPos = df$cyl #add columns to the data frame
df$yPos = labelPosiY
p <- ggplot(data=df, aes(x=cyl, y=mpg)) + geom_step(aes(colour=gear, direction='hv',size=2))
p <- p + geom_text(aes(xPos, y=yPos, label="test"), colour="black",size=5)
return (p)
}
Now, calling
plotFunction(mtcars, 17)
produces
You can try making the geom_text part of your code work, and then bringing in all the other aspects of your plot.