I am trying to link some CSS in my html (running a Django server) and the problem is that if running on Windows and using the \ (backslash) but then it wouldn't execute properly on Linux (since it uses / (slash)
What is the best way to modify the path in my base.html based on the current executing operating system?
For example if it's Windows it should be:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static "\style.css" %}"/>
^
But on Linux:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static "/style.css" %}"/>
^
First, configure STATIC_ROOT and STATIC_URL in yoursettings.py:
import os
# Project root is intended to be used when building paths,
# e.g. ``os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'relative/path')``.
PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__name__))
# Absolute path to the directory where ``collectstatic``
# will collect static files for deployment.
#
# For more information on ``STATIC_ROOT``, visit
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/settings/#static-root
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'static/')
# URL to use when referring to static files.
#
# For more information on ``STATIC_URL``, visit
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/settings/#static-url
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
Then you should be able to use
{% static 'project/css/style.css' %}
which, as far as I know, will take care of compatibility.
Consider reading about managing static files.
Related
Just as the title says, static files somehow are not loading up in my template. I've tried working on it and looking at similar StackOverflow questions but I can't find a solution. I tried debugging it using browser's dev tools.
I tried opening the CSS file from there but it just leads me to this error. This leads me to the conclusion that Django doesn't seem to find base.css inside the static folder. I've already done manage.py collectstatic so there shouldn't be a problem. Thanks!
Page not found (404)
Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/static/static/base.css
'static\base.css' could not be found
You're seeing this error because you have DEBUG = True in your Django settings file. Change that to False, and Django will display a standard 404 page.
settings.py
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static/')
template
{% load static %}
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{% static 'css/base.css' %}">
edit: reverted back {% static 'static/base.css' %} to {% static 'css/base.css' %}
Firstly, you have to correct the settings.py :
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
]
Then, lets say, you stored your css file in static/base.css
Now, write, {% static 'base.css' %} because django by-default look up for your static files in your app so you dont have to include static path.
django 1.8 on a production server:
When loading the admin page, it shows the content without rendering the css, similar to the site shown here.
There are no errors in chrome developer tools. These 2 css files load fine:
<link href="/static/admin/css/base.7cdd754721f8.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
<link href="/static/admin/css/dashboard.4898e2e9983d.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
Still the admin interface appears unstyled.
Relevant settings:
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'staticroot')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
ABS_TEMPLATES_PATH = PROJECT_ROOT + '/templates'
# Extra places for collectstatic to find static files.
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'project_docs/site'),
)
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
Any suggestions?
This was caused by wrong css files being loaded.
The mkdocs package (http://www.mkdocs.org/) also has a file called "base.css".
Static file collection brought them erroneously to the same place, overwriting the django admin base.css file.
So django admin was loading the mkdocs theme...
Corrected the static file collection so these files do not overwrite each other and the issue is solved.
I'm following the gettingstartedwithdjango.com tutorials but with newer versions of code. I'm on the second tutorial and I'm near the end but I'm unable to successfully style my site with CSS due to 404 errors serving static files content. I'm not exactly clear on why.
I'm running a Vagrant VM atop Windows 7 for development, /vagrant (in the VM) is mapped to C:/VAGRANT (in Win7). I created C:/VAGRANT/PROJECTS to contain all of my projects. I created a virtualenv for my project which sits in /home/vagrant/blog-venv (in the VM), the contents for that project from a code perspective sit in C:/VAGRANT/PROJECTS/microblog.
DIRECTORY STRUCTURE
PROJECTS
static # subdirs not auto-created yet as functionality not yet working
uploads # subdirs not auto-created yet as functionality not yet working
microblog
manage.py <file>
assets
css
fonts
js
microblog
settings
templates
_layouts
blog
migrations
templates
blog
Based on the above directory structure, here are the relevant files and their contents:
/microblog/microblog/settings/__init__.py
from .base import *
try:
from .local import *
except ImportError:
pass
/microblog/microblog/settings/base.py
DEBUG = False
here = lambda * x: os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)), *x)
PROJECT_ROOT = here("..")
root = lambda * x: os.path.join(os.path.abspath(PROJECT_ROOT), *x)
TEMPLATES = [
{
'DIRS': [
root("templates")
},
]
MEDIA_ROOT = root("..", "..", "uploads")
MEDIA_URL = ''
STATIC_ROOT = root("..", "..", "static")
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
root("..", "assets"),
]
STATICFILES_FINDERS = [
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
]
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
DJANGO_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
THIRD_PARTY_APPS = []
LOCAL_APPS = [
'blog',
]
INSTALLED_APPS = DJANGO_APPS + THIRD_PARTY_APPS + LOCAL_APPS
/microblog/microblog/settings/local.py
DEBUG = True
/microblog/microblog/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.contrib import admin
import blog.urls
from . import views, settings
admin.autodiscover()
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.HomepageView.as_view(), name="home"),
url(r'^blog/', include(blog.urls, namespace="blog")),
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
# url(r'^static/(.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {'document_root': settings.base.STATIC_ROOT}),
]# + static(settings.base.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.base.STATIC_ROOT)
/microblog/microblog/views.py
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
class HomepageView(TemplateView):
template_name = "index.html"
/microblog/blog/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views.generic import ListView, DetailView
from .models import Post
class PublishedPostsMixin(object):
def get_queryset(self):
queryset = super(PublishedPostsMixin, self).get_queryset()
return queryset.filter(published=True)
class PostDetailView(PublishedPostsMixin, DetailView):
model = Post
/microblog/microblog/templates/_layouts/base.html
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>{% block page_title %}{% endblock %}Microblog</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}css/bootstrap.min.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Welcome to my site!</h1>
{% block page_content %}{% endblock %}
</div>
</body>
</html>
/microblog/microblog/templates/index.html
{% extends "_layouts/base.html" %}
{% block page_content %}
<a href="{% url 'blog:list' %}" class='btn'>Read my blog</a>
{% endblock %}
THE RUNSERVER ERROR I'M SEEING IS:
Performing system checks...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
December 23, 2015 - 11:13:14
Django version 1.9, using settings 'microblog.settings'
Starting development server at http://0.0.0.0:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
[23/Dec/2015 11:13:20] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 391
Not Found: /css/bootstrap.min.css
[23/Dec/2015 11:13:20] "GET /css/bootstrap.min.css HTTP/1.1" 404 2190
ATTEMPT AT PROBLEM DIAGNOSIS
Taking the 'Not Found' message from above, the path /css/bootstrap.min.css rather than /static/css/bootstrap.min.css has lead me to believe the problem is manifesting itself in the /microblog/microblog/templates/_layouts/base.html file here:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}css/bootstrap.min.css">
It appears that {{ STATIC_URL }} is not being interpreted to it's it set value of '/static/' and therefore the lookup path is /css/bootstrap.min.css rather than the expected /static/css/bootstrap.min.css. Yes, I have validated that the expected path and file does exist on the actual file system. Accordingly, when the page renders, it's just your standard HTML output without the CSS styling that I'm expecting. In the /microblog/microblog/templates/index.html file, the class="btn" is not working/rendering properly either.
I have read that this might have to do with the values of DEBUG and/or ALLOWED_HOSTS and of course I suspect my PATHS.
Let's deal with the paths first. It could be that best-practices dictate that I should adjust my current paths somewhat, please advise (lack of experience here), but for now I'm just following what I was told to do on the tutorial website. In that vein and since I'm not using hard-coded paths, I have confirmed the post-code-interpretation (base.py) of each of my paths, as well as the actual existence of each of these folders in my file system (see the DIRECTORY STRUCTURE block near the top of this post) as follows:
here() = /vagrant/PROJECTS/microblog/microblog/settings
PROJECT_ROOT = /vagrant/PROJECTS/microblog/microblog
root() = /vagrant/PROJECTS/microblog/microblog
TEMPLATES = [{'DIRS': = /vagrant/PROJECTS/microblog/microblog/templates }]
MEDIA_ROOT = /vagrant/PROJECTS/uploads
MEDIA_URL = ''
STATIC_ROOT = /vagrant/PROJECTS/static
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [ /vagrant/PROJECTS/microblog/assets ]
With regards to DEBUG needing to be set to 'True', this is the case in my local.py file, which is imported when I run Django locally but not imported when I push code to production (local.py is excluded from production sync via .gitignore).
With regards to ALLOWED_HOSTS you'll see I currently have a value of '*' which may or may not be appropriate. I don't know, lack of experience.
I've noticed that running python manage.py collectstatic collects 0 files but I'm unsure why.
You'll notice that my /microblog/microblog/urls.py has some lines commented out of it, I've tried various things here to try to resolve the issue.
One further observation. The admin side of my project has the default styling typical of the Django Admin interface but this only became true when I enabled the STATICFILES_FINDERS called django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder. I believe that's because this causes Django to go look where the files are for the admin app. Since these haven't been synced to the STATIC_ROOT location (because python manage.py collectstatic is failing), I'm assuming it's looking in the location where my VENV makes these files available (/home/vagrant/blog-venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin). Can anyone confirm this? As for the front-end side of the project, that piece is obviously still having trouble.
I'm relatively new to Django and I'm very stuck on this problem. Essentially this boils down to getting static files working for my site as a whole and without that I'm kind of dead in the water as I will need static files functionality for other aspects of my project too. I don't know if there is a better way I should be troubleshooting or debugging. I sort of expect that I'd get a browser error page (since DEBUG=True) that would help me further narrow down the problem but I'm not getting this despite my DEBUG setting. I also don't know if there is a way to python manage.py runserver with parameters which would produce more debug output as to why I'm getting the 404.
Any assistance or advice with this problem as a whole will be greatly appreciated. If any further information is required, please request and I will post an update. Thank you in advance!
This is really the key point to look at:
[23/Dec/2015 11:13:20] "GET /css/bootstrap.min.css HTTP/1.1" 404 2190
The /static prefix is missing from /static/css/bootstrap.min.css.
As the documentation explains, you should include this in your template to use static files:
{% load staticfiles %}
And in modern versions of Django, instead of:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}css/bootstrap.min.css">
You should use:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}">
This static template tag appeared in Django 1.4, and has been the preferred approach since.
I am getting 404 errors on all of my static files when I try to deploy them in production
A live page of the site is available here. Inspecting the page in Chromes Console or Firebug will show the below issues.
I cant understand why this is happening as the above 404 errors match perfectly to the locations of my CSS files
/var/www/bias_experiment/static/survey/css/bootstrap.css
I've tried to solve this for a few days but cant crack the problem.
Below is all of my setup. I thought it best to include everything that might be useful and all the steps I have taken. Apologies for the length.
settings.py
DEBUG = True
STATIC_ROOT = '/var/www/bias_experiment/static/'
STATIC_URL = '/bias_experiment/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
'/var/www/bias_experiment/src/survey/static/survey/css',
'/var/www/bias_experiment/src/survey/static/survey/js',
'/var/www/bias_experiment/src/survey/static/survey/fonts',
)
I am using STATIC_URL = '/bias_experiment/static/' because I am using a VM which has been made publicly available through http://phaedrus.scss.tcd.ie/bias_experiment/
If I use STATIC_URL = '/static/' I get 403 forbidden errors.
slide_test.html
{% load staticfiles %}
<!-- THESE WORK LOCALY BUT DO NOT WORK ON THE SERVER -->
<link rel = "stylesheet" href ="{% static "survey/css/bootstrap.min.css" %}" >
<link rel = "stylesheet" href ="{% static "survey/css/bootstrap.css" %}">
<link rel="stylesheet" href ="{% static "survey/css/jquery-ui.css" %}">
<link rel="stylesheet" href ="{% static "survey/css/slider.css" %}">
<script src="{% static "survey/js/jquery.min.js" %}"></script>
<script src="{% static "survey/js/jquery-ui.js" %}"></script>
<script src="{% static "survey/js/slider.js" %}"></script>
My default apache file /etc/apache2/sites-available/default
Alias /static/ /var/www/bias_experiment/static/
<Directory /var/www/bias_experiment/static>
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Directory>
WSGIScriptAlias /bias_experiment /var/www/bias_experiment/src/bias_experiment/index.wsgi
<Directory /var/www/bias_experiment/src/bias_experiment>
<Files index.wsgi>
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Files>
</Directory>
...
standard apache default settings here
...
</VirtualHost>
As per the DjangoProject 1.6 Documentation (I am using Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu))
If you are using a version of Apache older than 2.4, replace Require
all granted with Allow from all and also add the line Order deny,allow
above it.
I have restarted and reloaded Apache
sudo service apache2 restart sudo service apache2 reload
I have no problem running collectstatic
I have set ownership of the collected files to www-data:www-data with the below command
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/bias_experiment/static/
I have even disabled and re-enabled the default file in apache2
sudo a2dissite default
sudo a2ensite default
and then restarted
sudo service apache2 restart sudo service apache2 reload
I am using
Ubuntu 12.04
Apache 2.22
Django 1.6
mod_wsgi Version: 3.3-4ubuntu0.1
An absolute path to one of the CSS files is http://phaedrus.scss.tcd.ie/bias_experiment/static/survey/css/bootstrap.min in case it is of any use.
However I cant seem to get the test deployment page I am working to show its CSS or JS.
I really am not sure what I'm leaving out. If anyone can make any suggestions it would be hugely appreciated.
I asked a similar question to this a few days ago which i have deleted as there were too many mistakes on my part and it lacked both detail and a clear issue.
Thanks
For:
STATIC_URL = '/bias_experiment/static/'
in the Django settings module, you should be using:
Alias /bias_experiment/static/ /var/www/bias_experiment/static/
in the Apache configuration.
Don't use STATIC_ROOT in STATICFILES_DIRS. They shouldn't be the same. Because when you run python manage.py collectstatic for deployment they will be overwritten and also take a look at this page Managing static files (CSS, images)
#settings.py
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
# Introduce templates
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'somewhereelse'),
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
'dajaxice.finders.DajaxiceFinder',
)
And this code for WSGI works for me
import os
import sys
import pprint
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'Yourapp.settings'
import django.core.handlers.wsgi
class LoggingMiddleware:
def __init__(self, application):
self.__application = application
def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
errors = environ['wsgi.errors']
pprint.pprint(('REQUEST', environ), stream=errors)
def _start_response(status, headers, *args):
pprint.pprint(('RESPONSE', status, headers), stream=errors)
return start_response(status, headers, *args)
return self.__application(environ, _start_response)
application = LoggingMiddleware(django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler())
path = '/var/www/example.com'
if path not in sys.path:
sys.path.append(path)
I'm having a very similar problem to this question but unfortunately none of the solutions seem to be working for me.
Essentially I have the following, really simple directory:
ulogin
- models.py
- tests.py
- views.py
- media
- screen.css
- templates
- utemplate
- index.html
in my settings.py I have the following defined:
MEDIA_ROOT = '../compwebsite/ucode/ulogin/media'
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
and in index.html I have the following trying to reference screen.css
<html>
<head>
<title>
YAY TITLE
</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ MEDIA_URL }}screen.css">
<!--and it more...-->
My urls.py I have the following:
from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
if settings.DEBUG:
# static files (images, css, javascript, etc.)
urlpatterns += patterns('',
(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {
'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT}))
No matter what I do, I can't get the reference to the screen.css to work. I'm really uncertain of how to fix this based on the other questions here on the site. Thank you so much and let me know if you need more info!
Static files should be placed in the 'static' directory; this is where Django will look. The 'media' directory is meant to hold user-uploaded files, which get copied over to the static directory when the django server runs.
Change your MEDIA_URL references to STATIC_URL
You shoudn't have to use the URLConf to manage static files at all.
As for your Django settings, it's not a good idea to hard code absolute paths in case they are changed (i.e. when pushed to a deployment server).
A better idea is to do something like this:
from os import path
PROJECT_ROOT = path.abspath(path.dirname(path.dirname(__file__)))
MEDIA_ROOT = path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'media/')
MEDIA_URL = ''
STATIC_ROOT = ''
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'static/'),
)
This will ensure that Django is using the correct absolute path regardless of where your project is on your system.
You can also enable the DefaultStoreFinder in STATICFILES_FINDERS although it shouldn't be necessary.