List Indexing in R over a loop - r

I'm new to using lists in R and am trying to run a loop over various data frames that stores multiple models for each frame. I would like the models that correspond to a given data frame within the first index of the list; e.g. [[i]][1], [[i]][2]. The following example overwrites the list:
f1 <- data.frame(x = seq(1:6), y = sample(1:100, 6, replace = TRUE), z = rnorm(6))
f2 <- data.frame(x = seq(6,11), y = sample(1:100, 6, replace = TRUE), z = rnorm(6))
data.frames <- list(f1,f2)
fit <- list()
for(i in 1:length(data.frames)){
fit[[i]] <- lm(y ~ x, data = data.frames[[i]])
fit[[i]] <- lm(y ~ x + z, data = data.frames[[i]])
}
Any idea how to set up the list or the indexing in the loop such that it generates an output that has the two models for the first frame referenced as [[1]][1] and [[1]][2] and the second frame as [[2]][1] and [[2]][2]? Thanks for any and all help.

Calculate both models in a single lapply call applied to each part of the data.frames list:
lapply(data.frames, function(i) {
list(lm(y ~ x, data = i),
lm(y ~ x + z, data=i))
})

Related

Accessing a variable in a data frame by columns number in R?

I have a data frame as "df" and 41 variables var1 to var41. If I write this command
pcdtest(plm(var1~ 1 , data = df, model = "pooling"))[[1]]
I can see the test value. But I need to apply this test 41 times. I want to access variable by column number which is "df[1]" for "var1" and "df[41]" for "var41"
pcdtest(plm(df[1]~ 1 , data = dfp, model = "pooling"))[[1]]
But it fails. Could you please help me to do this? I will have result in for loop. And I will calculate the descriptive statistics for all the results. But it is very difficult to do test for each variable.
I think you can easily adapt the following code to your data. Since you didn't provide any of your data, I used data that comes with the plm package.
library(plm) # for pcdtest
# example data from plm package
data("Cigar" , package = "plm")
Cigar[ , "fact1"] <- c(0,1)
Cigar[ , "fact2"] <- c(1,0)
Cigar.p <- pdata.frame(Cigar)
# example for one column
p_model <- plm(formula = pop~1, data = Cigar.p, model = "pooling")
pcdtest(p_model)[[1]]
# run through multiple models
l_plm_models <- list() # store plm models in this list
l_tests <- list() # store testresults in this list
for(i in 3:ncol(Cigar.p)){ # start in the third column, since the first two are state and year
fmla <- as.formula(paste(names(Cigar.p)[i], '~ 1', sep = ""))
l_plm_models[[i]] <- plm(formula = as.formula(paste0(colnames(Cigar.p)[i], "~ 1", sep = "")),
data = Cigar.p,
model = "pooling")
l_tests[[i]] <- pcdtest(l_plm_models[[i]])[[1]]
}
testresult <- data.frame("z" = unlist(l_tests), row.names = (colnames(Cigar.p[3:11])))
> testresult
z
price 175.36476
pop 130.45774
pop16 155.29092
cpi 176.21010
ndi 175.51938
sales 99.02973
pimin 175.74600
fact1 176.21010
fact2 176.21010
# example for cipstest
matrix_results <- matrix(NA, nrow = 11, ncol = 2) # use 41 here for your df
l_ctest <- list()
for(i in 3:ncol(Cigar.p)){
l_ctest[[i]] <- cipstest(Cigar.p[, i], lags = 4, type = 'none', model = 'cmg', truncated = F)
matrix_results[i, 1] <- as.numeric(l_ctest[[i]][1])
matrix_results[i, 2] <- as.numeric(l_ctest[[i]][7])
}
res <- data.frame(matrix_results)
names(res) <- c('cips-statistic', 'p-value')
print(res)
Try using as.formula(), for example:
results <- list()
for (i in 1:41){
varName <- paste0('var',i)
frml <- paste0(varName, ' ~ 1')
results[[i]] <-
pcdtest(plm(as.formula(frml) , data = dfp, model = "pooling"))[[1]]
}
You can use reformulate to create the formula and apply the code for 41 times using lapply :
var <- paste0('var', 1:41)
result <- lapply(var, function(x) pcdtest(plm(reformulate('1', x),
data = df, model = "pooling"))[[1]])

Assigning a variable to pasted name of column in R

I have a few data frames with the names:
Meanplots1,
Meanplots2,
Meanplots3 etc.
I am trying to write a for loop to do a series of equations on each data frame.
I am attempting to use the paste0 function.
What I want to happen is for x to be a column of each data set. So the code should work like this line:
x <- Meanplots1$PAR
However, since I want to put this in a for loop I want to format it like this:
for (i in 1:3){
x <- paste0("Meanplots",i,"$PAR")
Dmodel <- nls(y ~ ((a*x)/(b + x )) - c, data = dat, start = list(a=a,b=b,c=c))
}
What this does is it assigns x to the list "Meanplots1$PAR" not the actual column. Any idea on how to fix this?
We can get all the data.frame in a list with mget
lst1 <- mget(ls(pattern = '^MeanPlots\\d+$'))
then loop over the list with lapply and apply the model
DmodelLst <- lapply(lst1, function(dat) nls(y ~ ((a* PAR)/(b + PAR )) - c,
data = dat, start = list(a=a,b=b,c=c)))
Replace 'x' with the column name 'PAR'.
In the OP's loop, create a NULL list to store the output ('Outlst'), get the value of the object from paste0, then apply the formula with the unquoted column name i.e. 'PAR'
Outlst <- vector("list", 3)
ndat <- data.frame(x = seq(0,2000,100))
for(i in 1:3) {
dat <- get(paste0("MeanPlots", i))
modeltmp <- nls(y ~ ((a*PAR)/(b + PAR )) - c,
data = dat, start = list(a=a,b=b,c=c))
MD <- data.frame(predict(modeltmp, newdata = ndat))
MD[,2] <- ndat$x
names(MD) <- c("Photo","PARi")
Outlst[[i]] <- MD
}
Now, we extract the output of each list element
Outlst[[1]]
Outlst[[2]]
instead of creating multiple objects in the global environment

Iterate over list and append in order to do a regression in R

I know that somewhere there will exist this kind of question, but I couldn't find it. I have the variables a, b, c, d and I want to write a loop, such that I regress and append the variables and regress again with the additional variable
lm(Y ~ a, data = data), then
lm(Y ~ a + b, data = data), then
lm(Y ~ a + b + c, data = data) etc.
How would you do this?
Using paste and as.formula, example using mtcars dataset:
myFits <- lapply(2:ncol(mtcars), function(i){
x <- as.formula(paste("mpg",
paste(colnames(mtcars)[2:i], collapse = "+"),
sep = "~"))
lm(formula = x, data = mtcars)
})
Note: looks like a duplicate post, I have seen a better solution for this type of questions, cannot find at the moment.
You could do this with a lapply / reformulate approach.
formulae <- lapply(ivars, function(x) reformulate(x, response="Y"))
lapply(formulae, function(x) summary(do.call("lm", list(x, quote(dat)))))
Data
set.seed(42)
dat <- data.frame(matrix(rnorm(80), 20, 4, dimnames=list(NULL, c("Y", letters[1:3]))))
ivars <- sapply(1:3, function(x) letters[1:x]) # create an example vector ov indep. variables
vars = c('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
# might want to use a subset of names(data) instead of
# manually typing the names
reg_list = list()
for (i in seq_along(vars)) {
my_formula = as.formula(sprintf('Y ~ %s', paste(vars[1:i], collapse = " + ")))
reg_list[[i]] = lm(my_formula, data = data)
}
You can then inspect an individual result with, e.g., summary(reg_list[[2]]) (for the 2nd one).

Regression in R using a function

I am trying to smooth out my data for each variable in the data frame. Lets say it looks like this:
data <- data.frame(v1 = c(0.5,1.1,2.9,3.4,4.1,5.7,6.3,7.4,6.9,8.5,9.1),
v2 = c(0.1,0.8,0.5,1.1,1.9,2.4,0.8,3.4,2.9,3.1,4.2),
v3 = c(1.3,2.1,0.8,4.1,5.9,8.1,4.3,9.1,9.2,8.4,7.4))
data$x <- 1:nrow(data)
I then specify my x and y variables as:
x <- data$x
y <- data$v1
I can fit the predicted line I want (and I am happy with the process):
f <- function (x,a,b,d) {(a*x^2) + (b*x) + d}
order_two <- nls(y ~ f(x,a,b,d), start = c(a=1, b=1, d=1))
co2 <- coef(order_two)
data$order_two_predicted_v1 <- (co2[1] * (data$x)^2) + (co2[2] * data$x) + co2[3]
I therefore end up with an appropriately titled new variable (the predicted values for v1). I now want to do this for each of the other 100 variables in my data frame (v2 and v3 in this example).
I tried using a function to do this but can't get it to work as intended. Here is my attempt:
myfunction <- function(xaxis,yaxis){
# Specfiy my "y" and "x"
x <- data$xaxis
y <- data$yaxis
f <- function (x,a,b,d) {(a*x^2) + (b*x) + d}
order_two <- nls(y ~ f(x,a,b,d), start = c(a=1, b=1, d=1))
co2 <- coef(order_two)
data$order_two_predicted_yaxis <- (co2[1] * (data$x)^2) + (co2[2] * data$x) + co2[3]
}
myfunction(x,v1)
myfunction(x,v2)
myfunction(x,v3)
Not only does the function not work as intended, I would like to avoid calling the function 100 times for each variable and instead somehow loop through it.
This is really simple to do in SAS using macros but I am struggling to get this to work in R.
You can model your data directly with the lm() function:
data <- data.frame(v1 = c(0.5,1.1,2.9,3.4,4.1,5.7,6.3,7.4,6.9,8.5,9.1),
v2 = c(0.1,0.8,0.5,1.1,1.9,2.4,0.8,3.4,2.9,3.1,4.2),
v3 = c(1.3,2.1,0.8,4.1,5.9,8.1,4.3,9.1,9.2,8.4,7.4))
x <- 1:nrow(data)
# initialize a list to store the models
models = vector("list", length = (ncol(data)))
# create a loop running over the columns of data
for (i in 1:(ncol(data))){
models[[i]] = lm(data[,i] ~ poly(x,2, raw = TRUE))}
You can also use lapply instead of the for-loop, as stated in the comments.
Use predict() to get the values of the models:
smoothed_v1 = predict(model[[1]], newdata=data.frame(x = x))
Edit:
Regarding your comment - you can store the new values in data with:
for (i in (length(models):1)){
data <- cbind(predict(models[[i]], newdata=data.frame(x = x)), data)
# set the name for the new column
names(data)[1] = paste("pred_v",i, sep ="")}

Extracting residual values from lavaan list matrices in R

I am using lavaan package and my intention is to get my model residuals as dataframes for further use. I run several models that have grouping variables. Here's the basic workflow:
require(lavaan)
df <- data.frame(
y1 = sample(1:100),
y2 = sample(1:100),
x1 = sample(1:100),
x2 = sample(1:100),
x3 = sample(1:100),
grpvar = sample(c("grp1","grp2"), 100, replace = T))
semModel <- list(length = 2)
semModel[1] <- 'y1 ~ c(a,b)*x1 + c(a,b)*x2'
semModel[2] <- 'y1 ~ c(a,b)*x1
y2 ~ c(a,b)*x2 + c(a,b)*x3'
funEstim <- function(model){
sem(model, data = df, group = "grpvar", estimator = "MLM")}
fits <- lapply(semModel, funEstim)
residuals <- lapply(fits, function(x) resid(x, "obs"))
Now the resulting residuals object bugs me. It is a list of matrices that is nested few times. How do I get each of the matrices as a separate dataframe without any hardcoding? I don't want to unlist them as that would lose some information.
You can use list2env along with unlist to make the grp1, grp2, length.grp1, and length.grp2 directly available in the global environment.
list2env(unlist(residuals, recursive=FALSE), envir=.GlobalEnv)
ls()
#[1] "df" "fits" "funEstim" "grp1" "grp2"
#[6] "length.grp1" "length.grp2" "residuals" "semModel"
But they won't be data frames. For that you could convert them to data frames before calling list2env:
df.list <- lapply(unlist(residuals, recursive=FALSE), data.frame)
list2env(df.list, envir=.GlobalEnv)

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