Overlaying line graph with barplot in ggplot2 - r

Provided the following dataframe (see below) which was taken out of a questionnaire asking about perceived security to people from different neighborhoods, I have managed to create a bar plot which displays perceived security and groups results per each neighborhood:
questionnaire_raw = read.csv("https://www.dropbox.com/s/l647q2omffnwyrg/local.data.csv?dl=0")
ggplot(data = questionnaire_raw,
aes(x = factor(Seguridad.de.tu.barrio..de.día.), # We have to convert x values to categorical data
y = (..count..)/sum(..count..)*100,
fill = neighborhoods)) +
geom_bar(position="dodge") +
ggtitle("Seguridad de día") +
labs(x="Grado de seguridad", y="% encuestados", fill="Barrios")
I would like to overlay these results with a line graph representing the mean of each security category (1, 2, 3 or 4) in all neighborhoods (this is, without grouping results), so it is easy to know if a specific neighborhood is over or under the average of all neighborhoods. However, since it's my first job with R, I do not know how to calculate that mean with a dataframe and then overlay it in the previous barplot.

using data.table for data-manipulation and lukeA's comment:
require(ggplot2)
require(data.table)
setDT(questionnaire_raw)
setnames(questionnaire_raw, c("Timestamp", "Barrios", "Grado"))
plot_data <- questionnaire_raw[,.N, by=.(Barrios,Grado)]
ggplot(plot_data, aes(x=factor(Grado), y = N, fill = Barrios)) +
geom_bar(position="dodge", stat="identity") +
stat_summary(fun.y=mean, geom = "line", mapping = aes(group = 1)) +
ggtitle("Seguridad de día") +
labs(x="Grado de seguridad", y="% encuestados", fill="Barrios")
Result:

Related

R code of scatter plot for three variables

Hi I am trying to code for a scatter plot for three variables in R:
Race= [0,1]
YOI= [90,92,94]
ASB_mean = [1.56, 1.59, 1.74]
Antisocial <- read.csv(file = 'Antisocial.csv')
Table_1 <- ddply(Antisocial, "YOI", summarise, ASB_mean = mean(ASB))
Table_1
Race <- unique(Antisocial$Race)
Race
ggplot(data = Table_1, aes(x = YOI, y = ASB_mean, group_by(Race))) +
geom_point(colour = "Black", size = 2) + geom_line(data = Table_1, aes(YOI,
ASB_mean), colour = "orange", size = 1)
Image of plot: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1E-ePt9DZJaEr49m8fguHVS0thlVIodu9/view?usp=sharing
Data file: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1UeVTJ1M_eKQDNtvyUHRB77VDpSF1ASli/view?usp=sharing
Can someone help me understand where I am making mistake? I want to plot mean ASB vs YOI grouped by Race. Thanks.
I am not sure what is your desidered output. Maybe, if I well understood your question I Think that you want somthing like this.
g_Antisocial <- Antisocial %>%
group_by(Race) %>%
summarise(ASB = mean(ASB),
YOI = mean(YOI))
Antisocial %>%
ggplot(aes(x = YOI, y = ASB, color = as_factor(Race), shape = as_factor(Race))) +
geom_point(alpha = .4) +
geom_point(data = g_Antisocial, size = 4) +
theme_bw() +
guides(color = guide_legend("Race"), shape = guide_legend("Race"))
and this is the output:
#Maninder: there are a few things you need to look at.
First of all: The grammar of graphics of ggplot() works with layers. You can add layers with different data (frames) for the different geoms you want to plot.
The reason why your code is not working is that you mix the layer call and or do not really specify (and even mix) what is the scatter and line visualisation you want.
(I) Use ggplot() + geom_point() for a scatter plot
The ultimate first layer is: ggplot(). Think of this as your drawing canvas.
You then speak about adding a scatter plot layer, but you actually do not do it.
For example:
# plotting antisocal data set
ggplot() +
geom_point(data = Antisocial, aes(x = YOI, y = ASB, colour = as.factor(Race)))
will plot your Antiscoial data set using the scatter, i.e. geom_point() layer.
Note that I put Race as a factor to have a categorical colour scheme otherwise you might end up with a continous palette.
(II) line plot
In analogy to above, you would get for the line plot the following:
# plotting Table_1
ggplot() +
geom_line(data = Table_1, aes(x = YOI, y = ASB_mean))
I save showing the plot of the line.
(III) combining different layers
# putting both together
ggplot() +
geom_point(data = Antisocial, aes(x = YOI, y = ASB, colour = as.factor(Race))) +
geom_line(data = Table_1, aes(x = YOI, y = ASB_mean)) +
## this is to set the legend title and have a nice(r) name in your colour legend
labs(colour = "Race")
This yields:
That should explain how ggplot-layering works. Keep an eye on the datasets and geoms that you want to use. Before working with inheritance in aes, I recommend to keep the data= and aes() call in the geom_xxxx. This avoids confustion.
You may want to explore with geom_jitter() instead of geom_point() to get a bit of a better presentation of your dataset. The "few" points plotted are the result of many datapoints in the same position (and overplotted).
Moving away from plotting to your question "I want to plot mean ASB vs YOI grouped by Race."
I know too little about your research to fully comprehend what you mean with that.
I take it that the mean ASB you calculated over the whole population is your reference (aka your Table_1), and you would like to see how the Race groups feature vs this population mean.
One option is to group your race data points and show them as boxplots for each YOI.
This might be what you want. The boxplot gives you the median and quartiles, and you can compare this per group against the calculated ASB mean.
For presentation purposes, I highlighted the line by increasing its size and linetype. You can play around with the colours, etc. to give you the aesthetics you aim for.
Please note, that for the grouped boxplot, you also have to treat your integer variable YOI, I coerced into a categorical factor. Boxplot works with fill for the body (colour sets only the outer line). In this setup, you also need to supply a group value to geom_line() (I just assigned it to 1, but that is arbitrary - in other contexts you can assign another variable here).
ggplot() +
geom_boxplot(data = Antisocial, aes(x = as.factor(YOI), y = ASB, fill = as.factor(Race))) +
geom_line(data = Table_1, aes(x = as.factor(YOI), y = ASB_mean, group = 1)
, size = 2, linetype = "dashed") +
labs(x = "YOI", fill = "Race")
Hope this gets you going!

overlay the grand mean and se into a scatter dot

I have a dot plot created by ggplot, in which I plot every subject's individual responses. The subjects are organized into 3 groups in the plot and I have also estimated and plotted for each subject the mean and se. Now, I want to add at the same plot the grand mean and Se for each group.
This is how I created the first plot:
mazeSRDataS1_Errorplot<-ggplot(mazeSRDataS1, aes(Errorfixed, GroupSub,
colour=as.factor(Group)))+geom_point() +
mytheme3+ ggtitle("mazeSR-S1 Error plot")+ labs(y="Subject ID", x = "Error (degrees)", colour =
"Group")+ scale_colour_manual(values = c("brown4", "slategray3", "tan1"))
mazeSRDataS1_Errorplot + stat_summary(fun = mean, position = 'dodge', shape=1, size=0.5,
colour='black') + stat_summary(fun.data = mean_cl_normal, geom = 'errorbar', colour='black')
This is how I plotted the grand mean and se for each group. (i first aggregated the data and computed the mean and se for each group).
ggplot(meanSEErrorMazeSR1, aes(x=Error, y=Group, colour=Group)) +
geom_errorbar(aes(xmin=Error-se, xmax=Error+se), width=.1, position='dodge') +
geom_line(position='dodge') + geom_point(position='dodge')
But, how do I merge these plots and overlay the one over the other?
Thank you in advance!!
You can add y-axis positions to the aggregated data you've made to specify where on the first plot you want them plotted, and then add another geom_errorbar(data = ...) where you specify to use the aggregated data e.g.:
meanSEErrorMazeSR1 <-
meanSEErrorMazeSR1 %>%
mutate(y_position = c(30, 90, 150) # since you didn't provide a reproducible example you'll need to figure out the best positions yourself here
mazeSRDataS1_Errorplot +
geom_errorbar(data = meanSEErrorMazeSR1, aes(y = y_position, xmin=Error-se, xmax=Error+se), width=.1)
You can toy around with different y-values to use for the positioning of the error bars. In your case, because the y-axis is discrete due to being based on Subject IDs, the y-values will correspond to the order of the subject on the plot - the y_position = c(30, 90, 150) above corresponds to the 30th, 90th, and 150th subject, respectively.
Note also that the argument position='dodge' is not needed because you're not using a group aesthetic!

ggplot2 - group aesthetic not working as expected am I missing something?

I am trying to plot a line graph with multiple lines (grouped by a categorical value - factor) and based on what I have done in the past and what I can find online here the easiest way to do this is by assigning the categorical value to the group aesthetic - but this isn't working for me I am only getting one line on the line graph. I am 100% sure I am doing something super silly but I can't for the life of me work it out. Thanks in advance :)
#dummy data for example
test <- data.frame(x = sample(seq(as.Date('2015/01/01'), as.Date('2020/01/01'), by="day"), 20),
y = sample(10:300, 10),
Origin_Station = as.factor(rep(1, 10)),
Neighbour_station = as.factor(rep(1:5, each = 20)))
#plot - what I want to see is a line for each of the 5 Neighbour_station categories (1:5) but what I get is just one line
ggplot(test, aes(x=x, y=y, group = Neighbour_station))+
geom_line()
I have also tried this:
ggplot(test, aes(x=x, y=y, group = factor(Neighbour_station), colour = Neighbour_station))+
geom_line()
Hi Rhetta also from Aus here, big ups Australian useRs:
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(test, aes(x = x, y = y, group = Neighbour_station, colour = Neighbour_station))+
geom_line()
Note the reason you can't see the distinct lines is because your data is exactly the same for each factor level (Neighbour_station 1:5).

How to plot multiple boxplots with numeric x values properly in ggplot2?

I am trying to get a boxplot with 3 different tools in each dataset size like the one below:
ggplot(data1, aes(x = dataset, y = time, color = tool)) + geom_boxplot() +
labs(x = 'Datasets', y = 'Seconds', title = 'Time') +
scale_y_log10() + theme_bw()
But I need to transform x-axis to log scale. For that, I need to numericize each dataset to be able to transform them to log scale. Even without transforming them, they look like the one below:
ggplot(data2, aes(x = dataset, y = time, color = tool)) + geom_boxplot() +
labs(x = 'Datasets', y = 'Seconds', title = 'Time') +
scale_y_log10() + theme_bw()
I checked boxplot parameters and grouping parameters of aes, but could not resolve my problem. At first, I thought this problem is caused by scaling to log, but removing those elements did not resolve the problem.
What am I missing exactly? Thanks...
Files are in this link. "data2" is the numericized version of "data1".
Your question was a tough cookie, but I learned something new from it!
Just using group = dataset is not sufficient because you also have the tool variable to look out for. After digging around a bit, I found this post which made use of the interaction() function.
This is the trick that was missing. You want to use group because you are not using a factor for the x values, but you need to include tool in the separation of your data (hence using interaction() which will compute the possible crosses between the 2 variables).
# This is for pretty-printing the axis labels
my_labs <- function(x){
paste0(x/1000, "k")
}
levs <- unique(data2$dataset)
ggplot(data2, aes(x = dataset, y = time, color = tool,
group = interaction(dataset, tool))) +
geom_boxplot() + labs(x = 'Datasets', y = 'Seconds', title = 'Time') +
scale_x_log10(breaks = levs, labels = my_labs) + # define a log scale with your axis ticks
scale_y_log10() + theme_bw()
This plots

Omitting a Missing x-axis Value in ggplot2 (Convert range to categorical variable)

I am using ggplot to generate a chart that summarises a race made up from several laps. There are 24 participants in the race,numbered 1-12, 14-25; I am plotting out a summary measure for each participant using ggplot, but ggplot assumes I want the number range 1-25, rather than categories 1-12, 14-25.
What's the fix for this? Here's the code I am using (the data is sourced from a Google spreadsheet).
sskey='0AmbQbL4Lrd61dHlibmxYa2JyT05Na2pGVUxLWVJYRWc'
library("ggplot2")
require(RCurl)
gsqAPI = function(key,query,gid){ return( read.csv( paste( sep="", 'http://spreadsheets.google.com/tq?', 'tqx=out:csv', '&tq=', curlEscape(query), '&key=', key, '&gid=', curlEscape(gid) ) ) ) }
sin2011racestatsX=gsqAPI(sskey,'select A,B,G',gid='13')
sin2011proximity=gsqAPI(sskey,'select A,B,C',gid='12')
h=sin2011proximity
k=sin2011racestatsX
l=subset(h,lap==1)
ggplot() +
geom_step(aes(x=h$car, y=h$pos, group=h$car)) +
scale_x_discrete(limits =c('VET','WEB','HAM','BUT','ALO','MAS','SCH','ROS','SEN','PET','BAR','MAL','','SUT','RES','KOB','PER','BUE','ALG','KOV','TRU','RIC','LIU','GLO','AMB'))+
xlab(NULL) + opts(title="F1 2011 Korea \nRace Summary Chart", axis.text.x=theme_text(angle=-90, hjust=0)) +
geom_point(aes(x=l$car, y=l$pos, pch=3, size=2)) +
geom_point(aes(x=k$driverNum, y=k$classification,size=2), label='Final') +
geom_point(aes(x=k$driverNum, y=k$grid, col='red')) +
ylab("Position")+
scale_y_discrete(breaks=1:24,limits=1:24)+ opts(legend.position = "none")
Expanding on my cryptic comment, try this:
#Convert these to factors with the appropriate labels
# Note that I removed the ''
h$car <- factor(h$car,labels = c('VET','WEB','HAM','BUT','ALO','MAS','SCH','ROS','SEN','PET','BAR','MAL',
'SUT','RES','KOB','PER','BUE','ALG','KOV','TRU','RIC','LIU','GLO','AMB'))
k$driverNum <- factor(k$driverNum,labels = c('VET','WEB','HAM','BUT','ALO','MAS','SCH','ROS','SEN','PET','BAR','MAL',
'SUT','RES','KOB','PER','BUE','ALG','KOV','TRU','RIC','LIU','GLO','AMB'))
l=subset(h,lap==1)
ggplot() +
geom_step(aes(x=h$car, y=h$pos, group=h$car)) +
geom_point(aes(x=l$car, y=l$pos, pch=3, size=2)) +
geom_point(aes(x=k$driverNum, y=k$classification,size=2), label='Final') +
geom_point(aes(x=k$driverNum, y=k$grid, col='red')) +
ylab("Position") +
scale_y_discrete(breaks=1:24,limits=1:24) + opts(legend.position = "none") +
opts(title="F1 2011 Korea \nRace Summary Chart", axis.text.x=theme_text(angle=-90, hjust=0)) + xlab(NULL)
Calling scale_x_discrete is no longer necessary. And stylistically, I prefer putting opts and xlab stuff at the end.
Edit
A few notes in response to your comment. Many of your difficulties can be eased by a more streamlined use of ggplot. Your data is in an awkward format:
#Summarise so we can use geom_linerange rather than geom_step
d1 <- ddply(h,.(car),summarise,ymin = min(pos),ymax = max(pos))
#R has a special value for missing data; use it!
k$classification[k$classification == 'null'] <- NA
k$classification <- as.integer(k$classification)
#The other two data sets should be merged and converted to long format
d2 <- merge(l,k,by.x = "car",by.y = "driverNum")
colnames(d2)[3:5] <- c('End of Lap 1','Final Position','Grid Position')
d2 <- melt(d2,id.vars = 1:2)
#Now the plotting call is much shorter
ggplot() +
geom_linerange(data = d1,aes(x= car, ymin = ymin,ymax = ymax)) +
geom_point(data = d2,aes(x= car, y= value,shape = variable),size = 2) +
opts(title="F1 2011 Korea \nRace Summary Chart", axis.text.x=theme_text(angle=-90, hjust=0)) +
labs(x = NULL, y = "Position", shape = "")
A few notes. You were setting aesthetics to fixed values (size = 2) which should be done outside of aes(). aes() is for mapping variables (i.e. columns) to aesthetics (color, shape, size, etc.). This allows ggplot to intelligently create the legend for you.
Merging the second two data sets and then melting it creates a grouping variable for ggplot to use in the legend. I used the shape aesthetic since a few values overlap; using color may make that hard to spot. In general, ggplot will resist mixing aesthetics into a single legend. If you want to use shape, color and size you'll get three legends.
I prefer setting labels using labs, since you can do them all in one spot. Note that setting the aesthetic label to "" removes the legend title.

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