variable generation referencing different rows - r

I'm at a loss to cycle through a data frame and calculate a variable that is a function of different/multiple rows. Please see the following data as an example.
date var1 var2 var3
12/29/2013 10 34 0
12/30/2013 10 34 15
12/31/2013 8 27 15
1/1/2014 8 27 0
1/2/2014 2 7 10
1/3/2014 10 35 20
1/4/2014 13 45 10
I would like to create a variable that is a function of the current row and the next row. For example,
var4(12/31/2013) = var1(12/31/2013) + var2(1/1/2014) + var3(12/31/2013)
For the last element in the dataframe, there is no (n+1) variable, so I'd like to assign a missing value/exception value in that case. Any guidance you could provide would be wonderful. Thank you in advance!

you could try
library(dplyr)
df %>%
mutate(var4=var1+lead(var2)+var3)

Related

Renaming the last column of a R dataFrame

I have a R dataFrame df with the following:
time value reference
45 10 11
22 12 10
13 15 5
I would like to replace the last column of the dataFrame to obtain:
time value space
45 10 11
22 12 10
13 15 5
I tried this:
colnames(length(colnames(df)))<-"space"
but it does not work. How can I do it?
You can use names() instead:
names(df)[length(names(df))]<-"space"
Marginally less typing:
names(df)[ncol(df)] <- "space"
The following should do what you need:
colnames(df)[ncol(df)] <- "space"

Sort list on numeric values stored as factor

I have 4 data frames with data from different experiments, where each row represents a trial. The participant's id (SID) is stored as a factor. Each one of the data frames look like this:
Experiment 1:
SID trial measure
5402 1 0.6403791
5402 2 -1.8515095
5402 3 -4.8158912
25403 1 NA
25403 2 -3.9424822
25403 3 -2.2100059
I want to make a new data frame with the id's of the participants in each of the experiments, for example:
Exp1 Exp2 Exp3 Exp4
5402 22081 22160 25434
25403 22069 22179 25439
25485 22115 22141 25408
25457 22120 22185 25445
28041 22448 22239 25473
29514 22492 22291 25489
I want each column to be ordered as numbers, that is, 2 comes before 10.
I used unique() to extract the participant id's (SID) in each data frame, but I am having problems ordering the columns.
I tried using:
data.frame(order(unique(df1$SID)),
order(unique(df2$SID)),
order(unique(df3$SID)),
order(unique(df4$SID)))
and I get (without the column names):
38 60 16 32 15
2 9 41 14 41
3 33 5 30 62
4 51 11 18 33
I'm sorry if I am missing something very basic, I am still very new to R.
Thank you for any help!
Edit:
I tried the solutions in the comments, and now I have:
x<-cbind(sort(as.numeric(unique(df1$SID)),decreasing = F),
sort(as.numeric(unique(df2$SID)),decreasing = F),
sort(as.numeric(unique(df3$SID)),decreasing = F),
sort(as.numeric(unique(df4$SID)),decreasing = F) )
Still does not work... I get:
V1 V2 V3 V4
8 6 5 2
2 9 35 11 3
3 10 37 17 184
4 13 38 91 185
5 15 39 103 186
The subject id's are 3 to 5 digit numbers...
If your data looks like this:
df <- read.table(text="
SID trial measure
5402 1 0.6403791
5402 2 -1.8515095
5402 3 -4.8158912
25403 1 NA
25403 2 -3.9424822
25403 3 -2.2100059",
header=TRUE, colClasses = c("factor","integer","numeric"))
I would do something like this:
df <- df[order(as.numeric(as.character(df$SID)), trial),] # sort df on SID (numeric) & trial
split(df$SID, df$trial) # breaks the vector SID into a list of vectors of SID for each trial
If you were worried about unique values you could do:
lapply(split(df$SID, df$trial), unique) # breaks SID into list of unique SIDs for each trial
That will give you a list of participant IDs for each trial, sorted by numeric value but maintaining their factor property.
If you really wanted a data frame, and the number of participants in each experiment were equal, you could use data.frame() on the list, as in: data.frame(split(df$SID, df$trial))
Suppose x and y represent the Exp1 SID and Exp2 SID. You can create a ordered list of unique values as shown below:
x<-factor(x = c(2,5,4,3,6,1,4,5,6,3,2,3))
y<-factor(x = c(2,3,4,2,4,1,4,5,5,3,2,3))
list(exp1=sort(x = unique(x),decreasing = F),y=sort(x = unique(y),decreasing = F))

How to make data in a single column (long) with multiple, nested group categories wide

I've got a mess of data and am trying to efficiently wrangle it into shape. Here's a simplified short sample of the general format of my data.frame right now. The main difference is that I have a few more data labels like Label1 for my sampling units - each has a set of data similar to the data.frame I'm including but in my situation they are all in the same data.frame. I don't think that will complicate the reformatting so I've just included the single sampling unit of mock data here. StatsType levels Ave, Max, and Min are effectively nested within MeasureType.
tastycheez<-data.frame(
Day=rep((1:3),9),
StatsType=rep(c(rep("Ave",3),rep("Max",3),rep("Min",3)),3),
MeasureType=rep(c("Temp","H2O","Tastiness"),each=9),
Data_values=1:27,
Label1=rep("SamplingU1",27))
Ultimately, I would like a data frame where for each sampling unit and each Day there are columns holding the Data_values for my categories, like this:
Day Label1 Ave.Temp Ave.H2O Ave.Tastiness Max.Temp ...
1 SamplingU1 1 10 19 4 ...
2 SamplingU1 2 11 20 5 ...
I think some combination of functions from reshape,dplyr,tidyr, and/or data.table could do the job but I can't figure out how to code it. Here's what I've tried:
First, I spread the tastycheez (yum!), and that got me partway:
test<-spread(tastycheez,StatsType,Data_values)
Now I'm trying to spread it again or to cast, but with no luck:
test2<-spread(test,MeasureType,(Ave,Max,Min))
test2 <- recast(Day ~ MeasureType+c(Ave,Max,Min), data=test)
(I also tried melting the tastycheez but the results were a sticky, gooey mess and my tongue got burnt. that doesn't seem to be the right function for this.)
If you hate my puns please excuse them, I really can't figure this out!
Here are a couple related questions:
Combining two subgroups of data in the same dataframe
How can I spread repeated measures of multiple variables into wide format?
reshape2 You could use dcast from reshape2:
library(reshape2)
dcast(tastycheez,
Day + Label1 ~ paste(StatsType, MeasureType, sep="."),
value.var = "Data_values")
which gives
Day Label1 Ave.H2O Ave.Tastiness Ave.Temp Max.H2O Max.Tastiness Max.Temp Min.H2O Min.Tastiness Min.Temp
1 1 SamplingU1 10 19 1 13 22 4 16 25 7
2 2 SamplingU1 11 20 2 14 23 5 17 26 8
3 3 SamplingU1 12 21 3 15 24 6 18 27 9
tidyr Stealing #DavidArenburg's comment, here's the tidyr way:
library(tidyr)
tastycheez %>%
unite(temp, StatsType, MeasureType, sep = ".") %>%
spread(temp, Data_values)
which gives
Day Label1 Ave.H2O Ave.Tastiness Ave.Temp Max.H2O Max.Tastiness Max.Temp Min.H2O Min.Tastiness Min.Temp
1 1 SamplingU1 10 19 1 13 22 4 16 25 7
2 2 SamplingU1 11 20 2 14 23 5 17 26 8
3 3 SamplingU1 12 21 3 15 24 6 18 27 9

Altering survey data in R

I have a set of observational heath survey data. I want to modify the source identifier so that I can still have a number of sources identified, but the original ID is not the tracking ID to keep confidentiality. I am having trouble figuring it out.
Here's the basic layout of the dataframe
ID
30
30
30
30
24
24
24
I want to create a newID so that the data would look like the following
NewID ID
1 30
1 30
1 30
1 30
2 24
2 24
2 24
if your data frame is df then this should do it.
df$NewID <- as.numeric(factor(df$ID))
cbind(match(ID,unique(ID)),ID)
rleis useful here:
> ID <- rep(c(30,24), c(4,3)) # your data
> ind <- rle(ID)$lengths
> data.frame(ID, newID=rep(c(1,length(ind)), ind ))
ID newID
1 30 1
2 30 1
3 30 1
4 30 1
5 24 2
6 24 2
7 24 2
transform is also another alternative
> transform(ID, newID=rep(c(1,2), rle(ID)$lengths))

How to reorder a column in a data frame to be the last column

I have a data frame where columns are constantly being added to it. I also have a total column that I would like to stay at the end. I think I must have skipped over some really basic command somewhere but cannot seem to find the answer anywhere. Anyway, here is some sample data:
x=1:10
y=21:30
z=data.frame(x,y)
z$total=z$x+z$y
z$w=11:20
z$total=z$x+z$y+z$w
When I type z I get this:
x y total w
1 1 21 33 11
2 2 22 36 12
3 3 23 39 13
4 4 24 42 14
5 5 25 45 15
6 6 26 48 16
7 7 27 51 17
8 8 28 54 18
9 9 29 57 19
10 10 30 60 20
Note how the total column comes before the w, and obviously any subsequent columns. Is there a way I can force it to be the last column? I am guessing that I would have to use ncol(z) somehow. Or maybe not.
You can reorder your columns as follows:
z <- z[,c('x','y','w','total')]
To do this programmatically, after you're done adding your columns, you can retrieve their names like so:
nms <- colnames(z)
Then you can grab the ones that aren't 'total' like so:
nms[nms!='total']
Combined with the above:
z <- z[, c(nms[nms!='total'],'total')]
You have a logic issue here. Whenever you add to a data.frame, it grows to the right.
Easiest fix: keep total a vector until you are done, and only then append it. It will then be the rightmost column.
(For critical applications, you would of course determine your width k beforehand, allocate k+1 columns and just index the last one for totals.)

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